學測英文模擬試題 Mock Exam 3
考試資訊
難度： 偏難（適合目標頂標／前標的學生挑戰） 考試時間： 100 分鐘 滿分： 100 分 適用對象： 英文程度中上、想挑戰高難度的學生 特色： 進階單字、複雜句型、跨學科題材（天文、神經科學、經濟不平等、文學修辭）
一、詞彙題（Vocabulary）— 10 題，每題 1 分，共 10 分
說明： 以下 10 題為單題選擇題，詞彙難度較真實學測略高，請根據句意選出最適當的答案。
1. The new evidence _____ the detective’s previous theory, forcing him to abandon his original line of investigation and start from scratch.
(A) confirmed (B) contradicted (C) complemented (D) coincided
2. Despite the team’s best efforts, the project was ultimately _____ by a severe lack of funding and inadequate staffing, and it was canceled after just six months.
(A) enhanced (B) propelled (C) hampered (D) acknowledged
3. The young athlete’s _____ performance in the championship surprised even her own coach, who had not expected her to defeat the defending champion so decisively.
(A) mediocre (B) exceptional (C) predictable (D) monotonous
4. After weeks of _____ negotiations, the two parties were still unable to agree on the terms of the contract, and talks eventually broke down completely.
(A) fruitful (B) effortless (C) futile (D) brief
5. The historian spent a decade meticulously _____ information from archives across six different countries to complete her comprehensive study of the Silk Road.
(A) discarding (B) distorting (C) compiling (D) dispersing
6. The government’s plan to _____ the old industrial area into a modern technology park has attracted significant investment from both domestic and international companies.
(A) preserve (B) demolish (C) renovate (D) duplicate
7. The scientist maintained a(n) _____ attitude toward the sensational media reports about her research, insisting that the findings were still preliminary and required further validation.
(A) enthusiastic (B) arrogant (C) cautious (D) indifferent
8. The professor’s lectures, although _____ in content, were delivered with such passion and clarity that even complex philosophical concepts became accessible to first-year students.
(A) superficial (B) profound (C) trivial (D) redundant
9. The novel’s intricate _____ of characters, motives, and historical events required the author to spend five years on research before she even began writing the first chapter.
(A) exclusion (B) rejection (C) complication (D) interweaving
10. When faced with contradictory instructions from their supervisor, the employees found themselves in a state of _____, unsure which direction to follow.
(A) harmony (B) contentment (C) dilemma (D) certainty
威威老師小提醒
Mock 3 的詞彙難度有特別調高，單字水準大約落在 5,500-7,000 詞。如果你錯超過 4 題，別沮喪──這代表你的單字量還需要再擴大。建議可以使用「詞根詞綴法」來加速記憶，例如
contradict= contra-（反對）+ dict（說），字面上的意思就是「反駁」。
二、綜合測驗（Cloze）— 10 題，每題 1 分，共 10 分
說明： 以下短文共有 10 個空格，每個空格有四個選項，請根據文意與文法選出最適當的答案。本題文章用字較難，請仔細閱讀上下文再做判斷。
The concept of dark matter represents one of the most profound mysteries in modern astrophysics. Scientists estimate that dark matter (11) _____ approximately 85% of all matter in the universe, yet it has never been directly observed. It does not emit, reflect, or absorb light, (12) _____ it invisible to conventional telescopes. Its existence is inferred (13) _____ from its gravitational effects on visible matter, such as the way stars move within galaxies.
The evidence for dark matter first (14) _____ in the 1930s when Swiss astronomer Fritz Zwicky made a puzzling observation. While studying the Coma galaxy cluster, he noticed that the galaxies were moving so fast that they should have (15) _____ apart. The gravitational pull from the visible matter alone was far too weak to hold the cluster together. Zwicky hypothesized that some invisible form of matter must be (16) _____ for the additional gravity—what we now call dark matter.
Since Zwicky’s era, the evidence for dark matter has (17) _____ significantly. Observations of the rotation speeds of spiral galaxies, the bending of light around massive objects (gravitational lensing), and the large-scale structure of the universe all point to the (18) _____ of a vast amount of unseen mass. Despite decades of research, however, scientists have yet to identify (19) _____ what dark matter is made of. Leading candidates include Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) and axions, but neither has been detected experimentally.
The search for dark matter continues in laboratories around the world, from underground detectors designed to catch elusive dark matter particles to experiments at the Large Hadron Collider. Solving the dark matter puzzle would revolutionize our understanding of the cosmos, (20) _____ light on both the nature of matter itself and the ultimate fate of the universe.
11. (A) accounts for (B) consists of (C) interferes with (D) results in
12. (A) having made (B) to make (C) making (D) made
13. (A) partially (B) primarily (C) previously (D) permanently
14. (A) emerged (B) evaporated (C) eliminated (D) exaggerated
15. (A) torn (B) tearing (C) tore (D) been torn
16. (A) miserable (B) responsible (C) destructive (D) suspicious
17. (A) disappeared (B) diminished (C) accumulated (D) fluctuated
18. (A) deficiency (B) probability (C) limitation (D) presence
19. (A) approximately (B) precisely (C) virtually (D) abundantly
20. (A) shedding (B) spreading (C) shifting (D) shielding
小心陷阱
第 15 題考被動語態：
should have _____ apart。星系是「被」撕裂的，因此要用被動式been torn（torn是 tear 的過去分詞）。很多學生看到should have + V就直接選torn，忘了這裡需要被動，這是典型的陷阱！
三、文意選填（Contextual Fill-in）— 10 題，每題 1 分，共 10 分
說明： 以下短文共有 10 個空格，請從方框中的 12 個選項中選出最適合的答案，並將該選項的英文字母代號（A、B、C…）填入空格。每選項限用一次。方框中有兩個多餘選項。
選項方框：
| (A) widespread | (B) overlooked | (C) seemingly | (D) consumption | (E) journey |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (F) inevitable | (G) evidence | (H) excessive | (I) fortunately | (J) accompanied |
| (K) consequences | (L) sustainability |
The concept of fast fashion has fundamentally altered the global clothing industry over the past two decades. The term refers to the rapid production of inexpensive clothing that mimics current runway trends, allowing consumers to purchase new styles almost as quickly as they appear. While this business model has made fashionable clothing more accessible than ever before, it has come at a devastating environmental and social cost that is rarely fully (21) _____ by the average shopper.
The statistics are staggering. The fashion industry is currently responsible for approximately 10% of global carbon emissions—more than international flights and maritime shipping combined. Clothing (22) _____ has doubled since 2000, driven partly by the fact that garments are now worn an average of only seven times before being discarded. The (23) _____ use of water in cotton production and textile dyeing has contributed to severe water shortages in several regions, and the chemicals used in manufacturing often end up polluting rivers and groundwater.
The social (24) _____ of fast fashion are equally troubling. To keep prices low, many fashion brands outsource production to countries with weak labor protections, where workers—the vast majority of whom are women—earn wages that are insufficient to cover their basic needs. The 2013 collapse of the Rana Plaza garment factory in Bangladesh, which killed over 1,100 workers, served as a tragic reminder of the human cost (25) _____ by the industry’s relentless pursuit of low production costs.
Despite these grim realities, change is possible. A growing number of consumers, particularly younger generations, are embracing (26) _____ as a core value in their purchasing decisions. They are buying fewer items of higher quality, choosing secondhand clothing, and supporting brands that (27) _____ ethical labor practices and environmental responsibility. The “slow fashion” movement, (28) _____ at odds with the fast-fashion model, advocates for a return to thoughtful, mindful clothing consumption.
Technology is also playing a role in addressing these issues. Innovations in textile recycling, (29) _____ by substantial research investment, are beginning to make it possible to turn old garments into new fibers on a commercial scale. Some companies are exploring biodegradable fabrics and waterless dyeing techniques that could dramatically reduce the industry’s environmental footprint.
The road ahead is challenging, but the (30) _____ that change is necessary is mounting. As consumers become more informed about the hidden costs of their clothing, the fashion industry will face increasing pressure to adopt more responsible practices. Whether this transformation occurs quickly enough to prevent irreversible environmental damage remains an open question—one that every shopper helps to answer with each purchase they make.
威威老師小提醒
這篇文意選填的主題是「快時尚」——一個常在學測閱讀出現但很少在文意選填考的題材。有些空格考的是你的「社會議題詞彙量」，例如 sustainability（永續性）和 ethical（道德的）。這就是為什麼閱讀量大的學生在文意選填總是表現比較好——因為他們對各種情境的詞彙都很熟悉。
四、篇章結構（Text Organization）— 5 題，每題 2 分，共 10 分
說明： 以下短文共有 5 個句子被拿掉，請從方框中的 6 個選項（其中一個為多餘選項）中，選出最適合的句子填入各空格，使文章結構完整且連貫。
選項方框：
(A) Moreover, the ability to formulate effective prompts—giving clear, specific instructions to an AI system—has emerged as a critical skill that many employers now look for when hiring.
(B) In reality, however, the most significant impact of AI on the job market is not the wholesale elimination of jobs but rather a fundamental transformation in the nature of work itself.
(C) For instance, while cashiers in retail stores may face displacement due to self-checkout systems, the same companies are actively recruiting data analysts and AI specialists who can optimize their automated systems.
(D) Other studies, using more nuanced methodologies, project that only around 14% of jobs in advanced economies face a high risk of automation, though a much larger percentage will undergo significant changes.
(E) This is not a new phenomenon: every major technological revolution in history, from the Industrial Revolution to the rise of the Internet, has sparked similar anxieties about mass unemployment, yet in each case new categories of jobs emerged that no one had previously imagined.
(F) For example, a medical diagnostic AI may be able to identify abnormalities in X-rays with impressive accuracy, but only a skilled physician can weigh these findings against a patient’s overall health history and personal circumstances.
The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence has triggered widespread concern about the future of employment. Headlines regularly warn that millions of jobs will soon be lost to automation, painting a picture of a future in which human workers are rendered obsolete by intelligent machines. (31) _______________
(32) _______________ A widely cited 2013 study by Oxford researchers estimated that 47% of U.S. jobs were at high risk of automation within the next two decades, and this figure has been repeated endlessly in popular media. (33) _______________ The difference lies in how “automation risk” is defined: the Oxford study examined whether entire occupations could theoretically be automated, whereas more recent research focuses on specific tasks within jobs, most of which remain difficult for AI to perform.
Nevertheless, it would be naive to dismiss the disruptive potential of AI. Certain sectors and demographic groups will undoubtedly face significant challenges. Workers who perform routine, rules-based tasks—whether cognitive or manual—are most vulnerable to displacement. (34) _______________ This pattern of simultaneous job destruction and creation is consistent with historical precedent.
The challenge for policymakers, educators, and individuals is therefore not to prevent technological change—an impossible goal—but to manage it effectively. This requires substantial investment in education and retraining programs, as well as reforms to social safety nets. (35) _______________
小心陷阱
這篇篇章結構的難度較高，關鍵在於區分「極端說法」（AI 會消滅所有工作）與「更細緻的觀點」（AI 改變了工作性質，但不會完全消滅）。題目中選項 (B) 和 (D) 都涉及這個對比，需要仔細判斷各自應該放在文章的哪個位置。
五、閱讀測驗（Reading Comprehension）— 16 題，每題 2 分，共 32 分
說明： 以下共有四篇文章，文章長度與難度均比前兩回模考更高。請根據文章內容選出最適當的答案。
Passage 1: The Neuroscience of Decision-Making
Every day, we make thousands of decisions, ranging from the trivial (what to eat for breakfast) to the life-altering (which career to pursue). For centuries, philosophers and economists assumed that human decision-making was primarily a rational process—that we weigh costs and benefits, calculate probabilities, and choose the option that maximizes our expected utility. Neuroscience, however, tells a more complicated story.
Research over the past three decades has revealed that emotion plays an indispensable role in decision-making. One of the most famous demonstrations of this comes from the work of neuroscientist Antonio Damasio, who studied patients with damage to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex—a brain region critical for integrating emotional signals into decision-making. These patients performed normally on tests of logic and intelligence, yet they struggled profoundly with even simple real-world decisions, such as choosing which restaurant to visit or scheduling a doctor’s appointment. Damasio’s “somatic marker hypothesis” proposes that emotional signals from the body—what we might call “gut feelings”—serve as crucial guides that help us navigate the overwhelming complexity of real-world choices.
The brain’s decision-making architecture involves a delicate interplay between multiple systems. The prefrontal cortex, often described as the brain’s CEO, handles planning, impulse control, and the evaluation of long-term consequences. Deep within the brain, the striatum processes rewards and helps us learn which actions lead to positive outcomes. The amygdala, meanwhile, generates emotional responses—especially fear and anxiety—that can powerfully influence our choices, sometimes overriding the more deliberate calculations of the prefrontal cortex.
This neural architecture explains why decision-making often feels like an internal battle. When faced with the choice between studying for an exam and watching a compelling TV series, the striatum responds to the immediate reward of entertainment, while the prefrontal cortex considers the long-term benefits of academic success. Which system wins depends on numerous factors, including stress levels, fatigue, and individual differences in brain function. Sleep deprivation, for instance, has been shown to impair prefrontal cortex function while leaving the striatum relatively unaffected—which helps explain why we tend to make more impulsive decisions when we are tired.
Understanding the neuroscience of decision-making carries practical implications. Being aware of the conditions that lead to poor decisions—fatigue, stress, information overload—can help us structure our environments to support better choices. Making important decisions in the morning when our cognitive resources are fresh, breaking complex decisions into smaller steps, and deliberately creating space between an impulse and action are all strategies grounded in neuroscience that can improve the quality of our choices.
36. What does Antonio Damasio’s “somatic marker hypothesis” propose?
(A) All decisions should be made purely through logical analysis (B) Emotional signals from the body serve as important guides in decision-making (C) Brain damage to the prefrontal cortex has no effect on daily life (D) People make better decisions when they are under stress
37. According to the passage, which brain region is compared to a “CEO”?
(A) The amygdala (B) The striatum (C) The prefrontal cortex (D) The ventromedial prefrontal cortex
38. Based on the passage, why do people tend to make more impulsive decisions when sleep-deprived?
(A) Sleep deprivation increases the activity of the prefrontal cortex (B) Sleep deprivation impairs prefrontal cortex function more than striatum function (C) Sleep deprivation causes the striatum to shut down completely (D) Sleep deprivation stimulates the amygdala to override all other brain regions
39. Which practical strategy for better decision-making is NOT mentioned in the passage?
(A) Making important decisions in the morning (B) Breaking complex decisions into smaller steps (C) Using meditation to eliminate emotional responses (D) Creating space between an impulse and action
Passage 2: Economic Inequality in the 21st Century
Economic inequality has emerged as one of the defining challenges of the twenty-first century. According to the World Inequality Report 2022, the richest 10% of the global population currently earns 52% of all global income, while the poorest half of humanity earns just 8%. This staggering disparity has fueled political polarization, social unrest, and a growing sense that the basic social contract in many countries has been broken.
Several structural forces have contributed to rising inequality. Globalization, while lifting hundreds of millions of people in developing countries out of extreme poverty, has also contributed to wage stagnation among low-skilled workers in developed economies. Technological change, particularly automation and digitalization, has created enormous wealth for those who own and control technology platforms, while displacing workers from traditional middle-class occupations. The decline of labor unions, shifts in tax policy that favor capital over labor, and the financialization of the economy have all exacerbated these trends.
The consequences of extreme inequality extend far beyond the economic realm. Research has consistently shown that highly unequal societies suffer from poorer health outcomes, lower levels of social trust, higher rates of crime and violence, and reduced social mobility. Children born into low-income families in unequal societies face dramatically reduced opportunities compared to their wealthier peers, effectively turning economic inequality into inherited disadvantage. This challenges the fundamental promise of meritocracy—the idea that hard work and talent, rather than family background, should determine life outcomes.
Addressing inequality requires a multifaceted approach. On the policy front, economists have proposed a range of measures, including progressive taxation, stronger labor protections, increased investment in public education, and universal access to healthcare. Some have called for more radical interventions, such as universal basic income or wealth taxes, though these proposals remain politically contentious. At the corporate level, there is growing pressure on companies to address wage gaps within their organizations and to consider the broader social impact of their business practices.
The debate over inequality ultimately raises fundamental questions about what kind of society we want to live in. Is a society in which a small minority controls an ever-growing share of resources sustainable in the long term? Can democracy function effectively when economic power is so highly concentrated? These are not merely economic questions; they are moral questions that every generation must answer for itself.
40. According to the passage, what percentage of global income does the richest 10% earn?
(A) 25% (B) 38% (C) 52% (D) 75%
41. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause of rising inequality?
(A) Globalization (B) Climate change (C) The decline of labor unions (D) Technological change
42. Based on the passage, how does inequality challenge the idea of meritocracy?
(A) It proves that hard work is the only path to success (B) It turns economic inequality into inherited disadvantage (C) It eliminates all differences between social classes (D) It guarantees equal opportunities for all children
43. The author’s tone in the final paragraph can best be described as:
(A) Dismissive and sarcastic (B) Reflective and philosophical (C) Humorous and lighthearted (D) Angry and confrontational
Passage 3: The Fermi Paradox
On a clear night, away from city lights, the naked eye can see approximately 2,500 stars. Each of these stars is a sun, many of them far larger and older than our own, and astronomers now estimate that most stars host planetary systems. Given that there are roughly 100-400 billion stars in the Milky Way galaxy alone—and around two trillion galaxies in the observable universe—the number of potentially habitable planets in the cosmos is almost incomprehensibly vast. Statistically, it seems nearly certain that intelligent life must have evolved elsewhere. So why, then, have we never detected any sign of it?
This question is known as the Fermi Paradox, named after the physicist Enrico Fermi, who allegedly asked during a casual lunch conversation in 1950: “Where is everybody?” The paradox is essentially a conflict between the high probability that extraterrestrial civilizations exist and the complete absence of evidence for them. If intelligent life is common in the universe, some civilizations should have had more than enough time—millions or even billions of years—to spread across the galaxy, leaving traces that we should be able to detect.
Scientists and philosophers have proposed numerous possible resolutions to the Fermi Paradox, which can be loosely grouped into three categories. The first is that intelligent life is, in fact, extraordinarily rare—that the emergence of complex life requires such a specific combination of conditions and chance events that we may be alone in our galaxy, or even in the observable universe. This is sometimes called the “Rare Earth” hypothesis.
The second category proposes that intelligent civilizations exist but are unable or unwilling to communicate across interstellar distances. Perhaps advanced civilizations inevitably destroy themselves through war, environmental degradation, or technology gone wrong—a scenario known as the “Great Filter,” which suggests that the very progress that allows a civilization to reach the stars also contains the seeds of its own destruction. Alternatively, advanced civilizations may exist but deliberately choose not to contact us, perhaps observing us in the way a biologist studies bacteria under a microscope.
The third category, perhaps the most unsettling, is that extraterrestrial civilizations are common but deliberately silent. This is the premise of the “dark forest” hypothesis, popularized by Chinese science fiction author Liu Cixin in his Remembrance of Earth’s Past trilogy. According to this theory, the universe is like a dark forest filled with armed hunters, each civilization creeping silently in the shadows, terrified that revealing its location would invite immediate destruction from a more advanced competitor.
44. What is the Fermi Paradox primarily about?
(A) The difficulty of traveling between different galaxies (B) The contradiction between the high probability of alien life and the lack of evidence for it (C) Fermi’s discovery of a new type of star in 1950 (D) The debate over whether the Milky Way contains 100 or 400 billion stars
45. According to the passage, what is the “Great Filter” hypothesis?
(A) Advanced civilizations may destroy themselves before they can make contact with others (B) The Earth’s atmosphere filters out signals from other planets (C) Only a small number of planets are visible through telescopes (D) Alien civilizations are filtering our communications
46. What is the “dark forest” hypothesis as described in the passage?
(A) Life only evolves on planets that are heavily forested (B) Civilizations keep silent because revealing their location could lead to destruction (C) The universe is slowly expanding into a dark forest-like structure (D) Aliens are hiding in the dark regions between stars
47. Which resolution category does the “Rare Earth” hypothesis belong to?
(A) The first category: intelligent life is extraordinarily rare (B) The second category: civilizations exist but cannot or will not communicate (C) The third category: civilizations are deliberately silent (D) It does not fit into any of the three categories
Passage 4: The Gutenberg Revolution
In the mid-15th century, a German goldsmith named Johannes Gutenberg made an invention that would fundamentally reshape human civilization: the movable-type printing press. While printing technologies had existed in East Asia for centuries, Gutenberg’s innovation lay in combining several existing technologies—the screw press used in wine-making, oil-based ink, and individually cast metal letters—into a system that could mass-produce books with unprecedented speed and economy. Before Gutenberg, a skilled scribe might spend an entire year copying a single Bible by hand. After Gutenberg, a single printing shop could produce hundreds of copies of the same book in a matter of weeks.
The consequences of this technological breakthrough were revolutionary in the truest sense of the word. For the first time in human history, knowledge could be replicated and distributed on a mass scale. Books, which had once been treasures accessible only to the wealthiest institutions, became increasingly available to a broader segment of society. Literacy rates climbed steadily as more people had access to reading materials and the motivation to learn. Ideas—scientific, philosophical, political, and religious—could spread across Europe with astonishing speed, creating networks of thinkers and reformers who were connected not by geography but by shared texts.
Perhaps the most profound impact of the printing press was its role in what we now call the “democratization of knowledge.” When Martin Luther nailed his 95 Theses to the church door in Wittenberg in 1517, his ideas might have remained a local controversy if not for the printing press, which allowed his writings to be reproduced and distributed across the continent within months. The Protestant Reformation, the Scientific Revolution, and the Enlightenment all drew their momentum in large part from the ability of people to read, debate, and build upon each other’s ideas through printed works. As the 20th-century media theorist Marshall McLuhan observed, the printing press created not just a new technology but a new kind of human being: one who thinks, processes information, and understands the world in fundamentally different ways.
The Gutenberg revolution offers a powerful lens through which to view our own digital revolution. As with the printing press, the Internet has dramatically reduced the cost of distributing information, enabled new forms of social organization, and disrupted established institutions that once controlled access to knowledge. And as with the printing press, the full consequences of the digital revolution—for education, politics, culture, and human cognition itself—may take centuries to fully unfold. History suggests that the most significant effects of a revolutionary communication technology are often those that no one anticipated at the time of its invention.
48. What was Gutenberg’s key innovation in printing technology?
(A) Inventing paper from scratch (B) Creating the world’s first written language (C) Combining several existing technologies into a mass-production system (D) Developing the first ink that could write on parchment
49. According to the passage, how did the printing press contribute to the Protestant Reformation?
(A) Martin Luther personally printed every copy of his 95 Theses (B) It allowed Luther’s writings to be reproduced and distributed rapidly across Europe (C) The Catholic Church used it to suppress all opposing religious views (D) It was banned by Martin Luther as a dangerous technology
50. What does Marshall McLuhan’s observation (paragraph 3) suggest about the printing press?
(A) It was not actually a significant invention (B) It created a fundamentally new way of thinking and processing information (C) It only affected the wealthiest members of society (D) It primarily influenced the production of wine, not books
51. Why does the author compare the printing press to the Internet in the final paragraph?
(A) To argue that the Internet will eventually make books obsolete (B) To suggest that the Internet, like the printing press, will have profound and unpredictable long-term effects (C) To prove that both technologies were invented by German scientists (D) To claim that the Internet has had less impact than the printing press
六、混合題（Mixed Type）— 共 10 分
說明： 以下為一篇文章與 3 道混合題型，請根據文章內容回答問題。
The Psychology of Color in Marketing
Walk through any supermarket, and you are surrounded by a carefully orchestrated symphony of colors. The bright red of Coca-Cola cans, the warm yellow of McDonald’s golden arches, the cool green of Starbucks cups—these color choices are far from arbitrary. Extensive psychological research has demonstrated that colors exert a powerful influence on consumer perceptions, emotions, and purchasing behavior, shaping decisions in ways that most shoppers are entirely unaware of.
The mechanism through which color influences consumer behavior operates at both conscious and subconscious levels. At the most basic level, colors carry culturally learned associations. In Western cultures, for instance, red is associated with excitement, urgency, and passion, which is why it is frequently used in clearance sales and fast-food branding. Blue, by contrast, conveys trust, stability, and professionalism, making it the most popular color for banks, insurance companies, and technology firms. Green is strongly associated with nature, health, and environmental consciousness, which explains its prevalence in organic food packaging and eco-friendly product branding.
Interestingly, the effectiveness of color in marketing depends heavily on the perceived “fit” between the color and the product. A study published in the Journal of Consumer Research found that consumers responded more favorably to brands whose colors they felt were appropriate for the product category. For example, participants rated a fictitious brand of orange juice more positively when it used orange packaging, and negatively when it was packaged in purple—a color they felt was incongruent with the flavor expectations for an orange-based drink. This suggests that successful color marketing is less about following universal color rules and more about understanding the specific expectations and associations that consumers hold for each product category.
Color also influences purchasing behavior by affecting perceptions of price and quality. Research has shown that darker, more saturated colors tend to be associated with higher quality and premium pricing, while lighter, brighter colors are often associated with affordability and accessibility. Luxury brands overwhelmingly use black, dark blue, or deep purple in their branding and packaging, while budget-friendly brands tend toward brighter primary colors. These associations are so deeply ingrained that consumers will often rate identical products as higher quality simply because they are presented in darker packaging.
The strategic use of color, therefore, represents one of the most powerful and underappreciated tools in the marketer’s arsenal. Understanding the psychology of color allows brands to communicate complex messages about their products—messages about quality, price, taste, and values—in a split second, before consumers have even read a single word.
52. Fill in the Blank（填空題，2 分）
According to the passage, in Western cultures, the color _____ is associated with trust, stability, and professionalism, which is why it is commonly used by banks and technology companies.
53. Short Answer Question（簡答題，4 分）
Based on the passage, explain why a luxury brand might prefer to use black or dark blue in its branding rather than bright primary colors. Write your answer in 1-2 complete sentences in English.
54. Table Completion（表格題，4 分）
Complete the following table based on information from the passage.
| Color | Associated Meanings in Western Marketing | Typical Industry Usage |
|---|---|---|
| Red | (a) _____ | Clearance sales, fast food |
| Blue | Trust, stability, professionalism | (b) _____ |
| Green | (c) _____ | Organic food, eco-friendly products |
| Black/Dark tones | (d) _____ | Luxury brands |
七、中譯英（Translation）— 2 題，共 8 分
說明： 本回翻譯難度提升，請將以下兩句中文翻譯成正確、通順、達意的英文。每句 4 分，共 8 分。
55. 儘管線上購物變得越來越普遍，許多消費者仍然偏好親自到實體店面挑選商品，因為他們能夠實際觸摸和試用產品。（4 分）
威威老師小提醒
關鍵句型：
Although + S + V..., many consumers still prefer to + V..., because they can...關鍵詞彙：線上購物online shopping/ 實體店面physical / brick-and-mortar stores/ 實際觸摸和試用physically touch and try out
56. 專家指出，培養批判性思考能力比單純記憶大量資訊更為重要，因為這能幫助年輕人在面對複雜問題時做出明智的判斷。（4 分）
威威老師小提醒
關鍵句型：
Experts point out that + V-ing...is more important than + V-ing..., because this can help + O + V...when facing...關鍵詞彙：培養批判性思考develop/cultivate critical thinking/ 單純記憶simply/merely memorizing/ 做出明智的判斷make wise/informed judgments
八、英文作文（Essay）— 20 分
說明： 請根據以下提示撰寫一篇英文作文，文長至少 120 個字。本回為書信寫作題型。
題目：Letter Writing（書信寫作）
假設你是台灣高中生張明哲（Chang Ming-che），你收到來自美國筆友 Emily 的來信。她在信中提到，她將在三個月後來台灣作為期兩週的旅行，但她對台灣一無所知，希望你能給她一些建議。
請以 Ming-che 的身分回覆 Emily 的信件。你的回信必須包含以下內容：
- 表達你收到信件的高興之情，以及對她即將來訪的期待
- 推薦兩個她必去的景點或體驗，並說明原因
- 提供一項在台灣旅行時的實用建議（如交通、飲食、天氣、文化禮儀等）
- 詢問她是否有任何特別的需求或偏好，以便你可以幫她進一步規劃
寫作指引：
| 段落 | 內容 | 建議字數 |
|---|---|---|
| 第一段 | 書信開頭：感謝來信、表達期待 | 25-35 字 |
| 第二段 | 推薦第一個景點 + 原因 | 35-45 字 |
| 第三段 | 推薦第二個景點 + 實用旅行建議 | 40-50 字 |
| 第四段 | 結尾：詢問偏好、期待見面 | 25-35 字 |
書信格式注意事項：
- 需包含日期、稱呼（Dear Emily）、結尾敬語（Best wishes / Sincerely）、署名
- 格式不正確會扣 1-2 分
威威老師小提醒
書信寫作在學測雖然不是最常見的題型，但萬一考出來，很多學生會因為不知道格式而白白失分。記住書信的基本三要素：稱呼（Dear + 名字）、結尾敬語（Sincerely / Best wishes / Yours truly）、署名（只寫名字，不加 Mr./Ms.）。這些格式佔 2-3 分，千萬別弄丟了！
威威老師示範作文（Model Essay）
May 3, 2026
Dear Emily,
Thank you so much for your wonderful letter. I was absolutely thrilled to hear about your upcoming trip to Taiwan! I cannot wait to meet you in person after all these months of correspondence, and I promise to help make your visit here as memorable as possible.
The first place I would strongly recommend is Jiufen, a charming mountain town not far from Taipei. Its narrow alleys are lined with traditional tea houses and street food stalls, and the view of the Pacific Ocean from the mountainside is absolutely breathtaking. The town inspired the famous animated film Spirited Away, which adds to its magical atmosphere. Make sure to try the taro balls and enjoy a cup of tea while watching the sunset.
Another must-see destination is Taroko Gorge on the east coast. The marble-walled canyon, with its rushing rivers and dramatic cliffs, offers some of the most spectacular hiking trails in Asia. As for practical advice, I suggest you get an EasyCard when you arrive—it works on all trains, buses, and even in convenience stores, making getting around incredibly convenient. Also, be prepared for the humidity; light, breathable clothing will make your trip far more comfortable.
Is there anything in particular you are interested in? Night markets, temples, museums, or perhaps outdoor adventures? Let me know your preferences so I can help you create a more detailed plan. I am counting down the days until your arrival!
Best wishes, Ming-che
(228 words)
作文評分說明
20 分（頂標級）： 書信格式完全正確，內容涵蓋所有要點且具體生動，語氣自然親切，文法幾乎無誤，詞彙豐富。
15-19 分（前標級）： 格式大致正確，內容涵蓋要點，語氣適當，文法偶有小錯。
10-14 分（均標級）： 格式有小瑕疵，內容部分相關但不夠深入，語氣偏正式或生硬，文法錯誤較多。
5-9 分（後標級）： 格式明顯錯誤，內容偏離或過於簡略，文法錯誤多。
1-4 分（底標級）： 格式幾乎沒有，內容貧乏，難以理解。
特別扣分項目：
- 缺少日期：-0.5 分
- 稱呼錯誤（寫 Dear Mr. Emily 等）：-0.5 分
- 結尾敬語格式錯誤或缺失：-1 分
- 未署名或署名加不當頭銜：-0.5 分
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一、詞彙題
| 題號 | 答案 | 解析 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | (B) contradicted | 新證據與理論「矛盾」，迫使偵探放棄原有推論。confirmed 確認（相反）、complemented 補充、coincided 同時發生，皆不合。 |
| 2 | (C) hampered | 專案因資金與人力不足而「受阻」。hampered = hindered（阻礙）；enhanced 增強；propelled 推動；acknowledged 承認。 |
| 3 | (B) exceptional | 年輕運動員的「非凡」表現讓教練都吃驚。mediocre 平庸、predictable 可預測、monotonous 單調，皆語意相反。 |
| 4 | (C) futile | 歷經數週「徒勞的」談判，雙方仍未達成協議。fruitful 有成果的（相反）、effortless 不費力的、brief 簡短的，皆不合。 |
| 5 | (C) compiling | 歷史學家花了十年「彙編」六國的檔案資料。discarding 丟棄、distorting 扭曲、dispersing 散佈，皆語意相反。 |
| 6 | (C) renovate | 政府計畫將舊工業區「翻新改建」為科技園區。preserve 保存（相反）、demolish 拆除（過於極端，但 renovate 含改造之意）、duplicate 複製。 |
| 7 | (C) cautious | 科學家對媒體的聳動報導保持「謹慎」態度，強調研究仍在初步階段。enthusiastic 熱情的、arrogant 傲慢的、indifferent 漠不關心的。 |
| 8 | (B) profound | 講課內容雖「深奧」，但教授講解得極具吸引力。Although + 正面詞 → 前後對比：內容深奧 vs 講解生動。 |
| 9 | (D) interweaving | 小說中人物、動機與歷史事件的複雜「交織」。interweaving 交織編織；exclusion 排除、rejection 拒絕、complication 複雜化（不如 interweaving 意象精確）。 |
| 10 | (C) dilemma | 面對矛盾指令，員工陷入「兩難」困境。harmony 和諧、contentment 滿足、certainty 確定，皆不合文意。 |
二、綜合測驗
| 題號 | 答案 | 解析 |
|---|---|---|
| 11 | (A) accounts for | 暗物質「佔」宇宙約 85% 的物質。accounts for = 佔…比例/解釋；consists of = 由…組成（暗物質不是”由85%“組成）；interferes with 干擾；results in 導致。 |
| 12 | (C) making | 分詞構句：它不發光，「使得」望遠鏡看不到它。主動關係用 making（= and this makes）。 |
| 13 | (B) primarily | 暗物質的存在「主要」是由重力效應推斷的。partially 部分地；previously 先前；permanently 永久地。 |
| 14 | (A) emerged | 證據首次在 1930 年代「出現」。evaporated 蒸發、eliminated 消除、exaggerated 誇大，皆不合。 |
| 15 | (D) been torn | should have been torn apart = 應該已經被撕裂。被動語態。tear - tore - torn。 |
| 16 | (B) responsible | 某種看不見的物質必定「對」額外的重力負責。responsible for 對…負責；miserable 悲慘的；destructive 破壞的；suspicious 懷疑的。 |
| 17 | (C) accumulated | 從 Zwicky 的時代至今，暗物質的證據「累積」了許多。disappeared 消失、diminished 減少、fluctuated 波動。 |
| 18 | (D) presence | 各種觀察都指向大量看不見質量的「存在」。presence 存在；deficiency 缺乏（相反）；probability 可能性；limitation 限制。 |
| 19 | (B) precisely | 科學家尚無法「精確」辨識暗物質的成分。approximately 大約（相反）；virtually 幾乎；abundantly 豐富地。 |
| 20 | (A) shedding | shed light on 固定片語 = 闡明／照亮。spreading 散佈、shifting 轉移、shielding 屏蔽。 |
三、文意選填
選項框： A(widespread) B(overlooked) C(seemingly) D(consumption) E(journey) F(inevitable) G(evidence) H(excessive) I(fortunately) J(accompanied) K(consequences) L(sustainability)
| 題號 | 答案 | 解析 |
|---|---|---|
| 21 | (B) overlooked | 環境與社會代價「很少被消費者注意到」。rarely overlooked by the average shopper 在文意上呼應快時尚的代價長期被忽視。 |
| 22 | (D) consumption | Clothing consumption has doubled since 2000 = 衣物「消費」自 2000 年來翻倍。 |
| 23 | (H) excessive | The excessive use of water = 「過度的」用水。 |
| 24 | (K) consequences | The social consequences of fast fashion = 快時尚的社會「後果」。 |
| 25 | (J) accompanied | the human cost accompanied by the industry's pursuit = 伴隨產業追求低成本而來的人類代價。 |
| 26 | (L) sustainability | embracing sustainability as a core value = 把「永續性」當作核心價值。 |
| 27 | (A) widespread | supporting brands with widespread ethical practices = 支持具有「廣泛」道德實踐的品牌。 |
| 28 | (C) seemingly | the "slow fashion" movement, seemingly at odds with the fast-fashion model = 慢時尚運動「看似」與快時尚模式矛盾。 |
| 29 | (F) inevitable | innovations in textile recycling, inevitable under sustained research investment = 在持續投資下「必然」出現的創新。 |
| 30 | (G) evidence | the evidence that change is necessary is mounting = 「證據」表明改變的必要性正在累積。 |
多餘選項： (E) journey、(I) fortunately
四、篇章結構
| 題號 | 答案 | 解析 |
|---|---|---|
| 31 | (B) | 開頭段說媒體常渲染 AI 會消滅所有工作 → 此處需轉折帶出更細緻的觀點。(B)「實際上 AI 的影響不是大規模消滅而是轉型」最適合放在這個承上啟下的位置。 |
| 32 | (D) | 帶出具體數字對比：(D) 提供 14% vs 47% 的對比，呼應開頭對「極端說法」的質疑。 |
| 33 | (E) | 歷史類比：每次科技革命都引發類似恐慌但最後都創造了新工作。強化「轉型而非消滅」的論點。 |
| 34 | (C) | 舉例：收銀員被取代但同時需要數據分析師，說明工作型態的轉換而非淨流失。 |
| 35 | (A) | 提出 solution：prompt 能力成為雇主尋找的關鍵技能，呼應結尾的政策建議。 |
多餘選項： (F)（討論個別醫療診斷案例，與本文 macro 就業趨勢的主題無關）
五、閱讀測驗
| 題號 | 答案 | 解析 |
|---|---|---|
| 36 | (B) | 第二段：Damásio 假說主張身體的情緒訊號（gut feelings）在決策中扮演重要引導角色。 |
| 37 | (C) | 第三段：prefrontal cortex 被稱為大腦的 CEO。 |
| 38 | (B) | 第四段：睡眠不足會損害前額葉皮質功能，同時對紋狀體影響較小，導致更衝動的決定。 |
| 39 | (C) | 最後一段提到 (A)(B)(D) 三種策略，只有 (C) 冥想未提及。 |
| 40 | (C) | 第一段：全球最富有的 10% 賺取 52% 的全球收入。 |
| 41 | (B) | 第二段列舉原因包含全球化、科技變遷、工會衰退、稅收政策、金融化。氣候變遷未被提及。 |
| 42 | (B) | 第三段：不平等將經濟不平等轉化為「繼承的不利條件」（inherited disadvantage）。 |
| 43 | (B) | 最後一段提出深刻的反省性問題，語氣是反思性與哲學性的。 |
| 44 | (B) | 第二段定義：費米悖論是高機率外星文明與缺乏證據之間的矛盾。 |
| 45 | (A) | 第三類中的 Great Filter：先進文明可能在達到星際通訊之前就自我毀滅。 |
| 46 | (B) | 黑森林假說：文明保持沉默，因為暴露位置會招致毀滅。 |
| 47 | (A) | 第一類：智能生命極其罕見（Rare Earth hypothesis）。 |
| 48 | (C) | 第一段：古騰堡的創新是將多種現有技術結合為大量印刷系統。 |
| 49 | (B) | 第三段：印刷術讓路德的著作迅速在全歐洲複製與傳播。 |
| 50 | (B) | McLuhan 認為印刷術創造了全新的思維與資訊處理方式。 |
| 51 | (B) | 末段比較印刷術與網路，暗示兩者都將帶來深遠且不可預測的長期影響。 |
六、混合題
| 題號 | 答案 | 解析 |
|---|---|---|
| 52 | blue | 第二段第二句：Blue, by contrast, conveys trust, stability, and professionalism。 |
| 53 | （開放作答） | A luxury brand might prefer dark colors like black or dark blue because darker, more saturated colors are associated with higher quality and premium pricing, whereas bright primary colors tend to be linked with affordability and accessibility. |
| 54 | (a) excitement, urgency, passion; (b) banks, insurance companies, technology firms; (c) nature, health, environmental consciousness; (d) higher quality, premium pricing | 表格內容全部來自文章第二段與第四段。 |
七、中譯英
| 題號 | 參考答案 | 評分要點 |
|---|---|---|
| 55 | Although online shopping has become increasingly common, many consumers still prefer to visit physical stores in person to select products, because they can actually touch and try out the items. | Although 讓步子句 + main clause 結構正確 2 分；physical stores / brick-and-mortar stores 用字 1 分；整體通順 1 分。 |
| 56 | Experts point out that cultivating critical thinking skills is more important than simply memorizing large amounts of information, because this can help young people make wise judgments when facing complex problems. | point out that + V-ing...is more important than + V-ing 句型 2 分；用字準確 1 分；整體通順 1 分。 |
中譯英扣分重點（Mock 3 加嚴標準）
- 第 55 題「親自」若未翻出
in person扣 0.5 分；「實際觸摸」若寫really touch而非physically/actually touch扣 0.5 分- 第 56 題
cultivate是較高級用字，寫develop也可得分但層次略低；memorizing若寫成memorize（詞性錯誤）扣 1 分- 兩題都超過 20 字，翻譯時請確保英文句子不要太長，一個中文逗號對應一個英文句子的界線要清楚
級分換算對照表（Score-to-Grade Conversion）
| 原始分數 | 級分 | 程度說明 |
|---|---|---|
| 88-100 | 15 級分（頂標） | Mock 3 極高分，英文程度已達頂尖水準 |
| 79-87 | 14 級分（頂標） | 英文能力優異，學測可穩拿高分 |
| 70-78 | 13 級分（前標） | Mock 3 能拿到此分數，代表實力穩固 |
| 60-69 | 12 級分（前標） | 在偏難題型中表現中上 |
| 50-59 | 11 級分（均標） | 遇到較難詞彙或複雜句型時可能吃力 |
| 40-49 | 10 級分（均標） | 基礎大致 ok，需補充進階詞彙與結構 |
| 30-39 | 9 級分（後標） | 在高難度題型中暴露弱點，回頭加強基礎 |
| 20-29 | 7-8 級分（後標） | 英文基礎明顯不足 |
| 0-19 | 1-6 級分（底標） | 需從國中範圍重新打底 |
注意： Mock 3 因為偏難，分數可能會比真實學測低 5-10 分，這是正常的。如果你的分數落在 60-69，真實學測可能可以拿到 70+。
威威老師總複習提醒
Mock 3 偏難，重點練習的地方如下：
- 進階單字：
hampered（阻礙）、futile（徒勞的）、interweaving（交織）這些字在真實學測也可能出現，要確實記住。- 複雜句型： 綜合測驗的分詞構句（
making it invisible）和被動語態（should have been torn）是高分群拉開差距的關鍵考點。- 混合題型： 表格填空題近年來越來越常見，練習從文章中快速定位資訊填入表格。
- 閱讀速度： 四篇閱讀文章的總閱讀量約 1,600-1,800 字，加上其他題型，總閱讀量約 3,500+ 字，時間壓力非常大。務必練習「略讀抓主旨＋精讀找答案」的雙層閱讀策略。
難的不是題目本身，難的是你在時間壓力下能不能保持冷靜。模考練的不是智商，是心理素質。 💪
模擬試題 3 資訊
- 本試卷難度：偏難（單字量 5,500-7,000 字級、較複雜句型、跨學科題材）
- 建議配時：選擇題 60 分鐘 + 翻譯 15 分鐘 + 作文 25 分鐘
- 特色：題材涵蓋天文物理、神經科學、經濟不平等、費米悖論、印刷術革命、色彩心理學
【Mock 3 完】