GEPT 中高級單字手冊 — 威威老師編著
威威老師小提醒
中高級需要約 7,000 個單字，但真正的決勝點不是「量」，而是「精準度」。中高級考試大量出現近義詞辨析、搭配詞、以及學術/商用語境的字。這本手冊幫你挑出最重要的 400 個 B2 核心字，按照主題分類，讓你用最有效率的方式掌握中高級字彙。
中高級近義詞辨析 20 組（最重要的先背！）
中高級考試最愛考的就是——四個選項意思都差不多，叫你選「最適合」的那個。
| 組 | 近義詞群 | 核心差異 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | affect / influence / impact | impact = 強烈影響；influence = 潛移默化的影響 |
| 2 | achieve / accomplish / attain / reach | attain = 達到（抽象目標如理想）；accomplish = 完成（具體任務） |
| 3 | advantage / benefit / merit / strength | merit = 優點（客觀評價）；strength = 強項（相對弱點而言） |
| 4 | argue / debate / dispute / discuss | dispute = 爭論（有衝突）；discuss = 討論（中性） |
| 5 | avoid / prevent / escape / evade | prevent = 阻止（事情發生）；avoid = 避開（已存在的事物） |
| 6 | cause / lead to / result in / bring about | bring about = 刻意促成；result in = 自然導致 |
| 7 | change / alter / modify / transform | transform = 徹底改變；modify = 小幅調整 |
| 8 | choose / select / pick / opt for | select = 精挑細選；pick = 隨意挑選 |
| 9 | consider / regard / view / deem | deem = 正式認為（常用被動）；regard = 看待 |
| 10 | decrease / decline / reduce / diminish | decline = 拒絕 or 下降（趨勢）；reduce = 主動減少 |
| 11 | develop / evolve / progress / advance | evolve = 逐漸演變；advance = 向前推進 |
| 12 | emphasize / stress / highlight / underline | highlight = 突顯重點；stress = 強調重要性 |
| 13 | encourage / promote / foster / stimulate | foster = 培養（長期）；stimulate = 刺激（短期） |
| 14 | ensure / guarantee / assure / secure | assure = 向人保證；ensure = 確保（事情） |
| 15 | establish / set up / found / create | found = 創立（組織）；establish = 建立（制度/關係） |
| 16 | examine / inspect / investigate / explore | investigate = 調查（找真相）；examine = 檢查（找問題） |
| 17 | improve / enhance / boost / upgrade | enhance = 提升品質；boost = 短期推高 |
| 18 | increase / rise / grow / expand | expand = 擴張（規模）；grow = 成長（有機） |
| 19 | maintain / preserve / sustain / keep | sustain = 維持（需要努力）；preserve = 保存（原狀） |
| 20 | obtain / acquire / gain / secure | acquire = 獲得（技能/知識）；obtain = 取得（具體物） |
一、教育與學習 (Education & Learning)
| 英文 | 中文 | 詞性 | 例句 | 搭配詞 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| curriculum | 課程 | 名詞 | The school revised its curriculum. | design a curriculum 設計課程 |
| pedagogy | 教學法 | 名詞 | Modern pedagogy emphasizes interaction. | effective pedagogy 有效教學法 |
| literacy | 讀寫能力 | 名詞 | Digital literacy is essential today. | improve literacy 提升讀寫能力 |
| proficiency | 熟練度 | 名詞 | She has proficiency in three languages. | language proficiency 語言能力 |
| competence | 能力 | 名詞 | The job requires technical competence. | demonstrate competence 展現能力 |
| aptitude | 天賦 | 名詞 | He has an aptitude for mathematics. | natural aptitude 天生才能 |
| comprehension | 理解力 | 名詞 | Reading comprehension is crucial. | improve comprehension 提升理解力 |
| retention | 記憶保留 | 名詞 | Memory retention improves with practice. | information retention 資訊保留 |
| assessment | 評估 | 名詞 | The assessment will be next week. | conduct an assessment 進行評估 |
| evaluation | 評鑑 | 名詞 | Performance evaluation is annual. | comprehensive evaluation 全面評鑑 |
| credential | 證書/資格 | 名詞 | She has impressive academic credentials. | professional credentials 專業資格 |
| accreditation | 認證 | 名詞 | The program received accreditation. | seek accreditation 尋求認證 |
| dissertation | 論文 | 名詞 | He’s writing his doctoral dissertation. | submit a dissertation 提交論文 |
| seminar | 研討會 | 名詞 | I attended a seminar on AI. | conduct a seminar 舉辦研討會 |
| symposium | 學術討論會 | 名詞 | The symposium attracted experts worldwide. | international symposium 國際研討會 |
二、職場與商業 (Workplace & Business)
| 英文 | 中文 | 詞性 | 例句 | 搭配詞 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| entrepreneur | 企業家 | 名詞 | She’s a successful entrepreneur. | aspiring entrepreneur 有抱負的企業家 |
| stakeholder | 利害關係人 | 名詞 | All stakeholders were consulted. | key stakeholder 關鍵利害關係人 |
| subsidiary | 子公司 | 名詞 | The company has three subsidiaries. | wholly-owned subsidiary 全資子公司 |
| merger | 合併 | 名詞 | The merger was announced yesterday. | corporate merger 企業合併 |
| acquisition | 收購 | 名詞 | The acquisition cost $2 billion. | hostile acquisition 惡意收購 |
| revenue | 營收 | 名詞 | Annual revenue increased by 15%. | generate revenue 創造營收 |
| expenditure | 支出 | 名詞 | Government expenditure rose sharply. | reduce expenditure 減少支出 |
| liability | 負債/責任 | 名詞 | The company has significant liabilities. | legal liability 法律責任 |
| asset | 資產 | 名詞 | Real estate is a valuable asset. | tangible assets 有形資產 |
| equity | 股權/公平 | 名詞 | He owns 30% equity in the firm. | shareholder equity 股東權益 |
| dividend | 股利 | 名詞 | The company paid a dividend of $2 per share. | declare a dividend 宣布股利 |
| portfolio | 投資組合 | 名詞 | Diversify your investment portfolio. | balanced portfolio 平衡投資組合 |
| franchise | 加盟/特許經營 | 名詞 | They opened a franchise in Tokyo. | franchise agreement 加盟協議 |
| logistics | 物流 | 名詞 | Logistics is crucial for e-commerce. | supply chain logistics 供應鏈物流 |
| procurement | 採購 | 名詞 | The procurement process is complex. | procurement department 採購部門 |
| compliance | 合規 | 名詞 | Ensure compliance with regulations. | regulatory compliance 法規遵循 |
| audit | 審計 | 名詞/動詞 | The annual audit begins next month. | conduct an audit 進行審計 |
| incentive | 獎勵/誘因 | 名詞 | Performance incentives motivate staff. | financial incentive 財務誘因 |
| redundancy | 裁員/冗餘 | 名詞 | The firm announced 200 redundancies. | voluntary redundancy 自願離職 |
| turnover | 營業額/離職率 | 名詞 | Staff turnover is high. | annual turnover 年營業額 |
三、科技與創新 (Technology & Innovation)
| 英文 | 中文 | 詞性 | 例句 | 搭配詞 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| innovation | 創新 | 名詞 | Innovation drives economic growth. | technological innovation 技術創新 |
| breakthrough | 突破 | 名詞 | Scientists achieved a major breakthrough. | scientific breakthrough 科學突破 |
| prototype | 原型 | 名詞 | They developed a working prototype. | build a prototype 建造原型 |
| patent | 專利 | 名詞/動詞 | The company filed a patent. | patent application 專利申請 |
| algorithm | 演算法 | 名詞 | The algorithm improves efficiency. | search algorithm 搜尋演算法 |
| automation | 自動化 | 名詞 | Automation reduces labor costs. | factory automation 工廠自動化 |
| artificial intelligence | 人工智慧 | 名詞 | AI is transforming industries. | AI technology 人工智慧技術 |
| cybersecurity | 網路安全 | 名詞 | Cybersecurity is a top priority. | cybersecurity threat 網安威脅 |
| encryption | 加密 | 名詞 | Data encryption protects privacy. | end-to-end encryption 端對端加密 |
| bandwidth | 頻寬 | 名詞 | High bandwidth enables streaming. | increase bandwidth 增加頻寬 |
| interface | 介面 | 名詞 | The user interface is intuitive. | graphical interface 圖形介面 |
| compatibility | 相容性 | 名詞 | Check software compatibility. | backward compatibility 向下相容 |
| obsolete | 過時的 | 形容詞 | The technology is now obsolete. | become obsolete 變得過時 |
| cutting-edge | 尖端的 | 形容詞 | They use cutting-edge technology. | cutting-edge research 尖端研究 |
| scalable | 可擴展的 | 形容詞 | The system is highly scalable. | scalable solution 可擴展解決方案 |
四、環境與永續 (Environment & Sustainability)
| 英文 | 中文 | 詞性 | 例句 | 搭配詞 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| sustainability | 永續性 | 名詞 | Sustainability is our priority. | environmental sustainability 環境永續 |
| conservation | 保育 | 名詞 | Wildlife conservation is vital. | conservation efforts 保育努力 |
| biodiversity | 生物多樣性 | 名詞 | Biodiversity is declining rapidly. | protect biodiversity 保護生物多樣性 |
| ecosystem | 生態系統 | 名詞 | The ecosystem is fragile. | marine ecosystem 海洋生態系 |
| deforestation | 森林砍伐 | 名詞 | Deforestation causes climate change. | combat deforestation 對抗森林砍伐 |
| emission | 排放 | 名詞 | Carbon emissions must be reduced. | greenhouse gas emissions 溫室氣體排放 |
| renewable | 可再生的 | 形容詞 | Renewable energy is the future. | renewable resources 可再生資源 |
| fossil fuel | 化石燃料 | 名詞 | We must reduce fossil fuel use. | fossil fuel consumption 化石燃料消耗 |
| pollution | 污染 | 名詞 | Air pollution affects health. | reduce pollution 減少污染 |
| contamination | 污染/汙染 | 名詞 | Water contamination is serious. | soil contamination 土壤污染 |
| degradation | 退化 | 名詞 | Environmental degradation is accelerating. | land degradation 土地退化 |
| mitigation | 減緩 | 名詞 | Climate change mitigation is urgent. | mitigation strategies 減緩策略 |
| adaptation | 適應 | 名詞 | Adaptation to climate change is necessary. | adaptation measures 適應措施 |
| resilience | 韌性 | 名詞 | Build community resilience. | climate resilience 氣候韌性 |
| carbon footprint | 碳足跡 | 名詞 | Reduce your carbon footprint. | calculate carbon footprint 計算碳足跡 |
五、健康與醫療 (Health & Medicine)
| 英文 | 中文 | 詞性 | 例句 | 搭配詞 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| diagnosis | 診斷 | 名詞 | Early diagnosis saves lives. | accurate diagnosis 準確診斷 |
| prognosis | 預後 | 名詞 | The prognosis is positive. | favorable prognosis 良好預後 |
| symptom | 症狀 | 名詞 | Common symptoms include fever. | exhibit symptoms 出現症狀 |
| syndrome | 症候群 | 名詞 | Metabolic syndrome is common. | chronic syndrome 慢性症候群 |
| epidemic | 流行病 | 名詞 | The flu epidemic spread quickly. | global epidemic 全球流行病 |
| pandemic | 大流行病 | 名詞 | COVID-19 became a pandemic. | pandemic response 大流行應對 |
| vaccination | 疫苗接種 | 名詞 | Vaccination prevents disease. | vaccination program 疫苗接種計畫 |
| immunity | 免疫力 | 名詞 | Build natural immunity. | immune system 免疫系統 |
| chronic | 慢性的 | 形容詞 | He has a chronic condition. | chronic disease 慢性病 |
| acute | 急性的 | 形容詞 | She suffered acute pain. | acute illness 急性病 |
| contagious | 傳染的 | 形容詞 | The disease is highly contagious. | contagious disease 傳染病 |
| infectious | 感染性的 | 形容詞 | Infectious diseases spread rapidly. | infectious agent 感染源 |
| prescription | 處方 | 名詞 | The doctor wrote a prescription. | prescription medication 處方藥 |
| dosage | 劑量 | 名詞 | Follow the recommended dosage. | correct dosage 正確劑量 |
| rehabilitation | 復健 | 名詞 | Rehabilitation takes time. | physical rehabilitation 物理復健 |
| therapy | 治療/療法 | 名詞 | She’s undergoing therapy. | cognitive therapy 認知療法 |
| preventive | 預防的 | 形容詞 | Preventive care is important. | preventive measures 預防措施 |
| mortality | 死亡率 | 名詞 | Infant mortality has decreased. | mortality rate 死亡率 |
| morbidity | 發病率 | 名詞 | Morbidity rates are rising. | morbidity statistics 發病率統計 |
六、社會與文化 (Society & Culture)
| 英文 | 中文 | 詞性 | 例句 | 搭配詞 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| diversity | 多樣性 | 名詞 | Cultural diversity enriches society. | ethnic diversity 族群多樣性 |
| inclusion | 包容 | 名詞 | Promote inclusion in the workplace. | social inclusion 社會包容 |
| discrimination | 歧視 | 名詞 | Fight against discrimination. | racial discrimination 種族歧視 |
| prejudice | 偏見 | 名詞 | Overcome prejudice through education. | unconscious prejudice 無意識偏見 |
| stereotype | 刻板印象 | 名詞 | Challenge gender stereotypes. | negative stereotype 負面刻板印象 |
| inequality | 不平等 | 名詞 | Income inequality is widening. | social inequality 社會不平等 |
| disparity | 差距 | 名詞 | There’s a disparity in access. | wealth disparity 財富差距 |
| marginalization | 邊緣化 | 名詞 | Prevent marginalization of minorities. | social marginalization 社會邊緣化 |
| integration | 整合/融合 | 名詞 | Social integration is challenging. | cultural integration 文化融合 |
| assimilation | 同化 | 名詞 | Assimilation takes generations. | cultural assimilation 文化同化 |
| heritage | 遺產/傳統 | 名詞 | Preserve cultural heritage. | cultural heritage 文化遺產 |
| tradition | 傳統 | 名詞 | Respect local traditions. | ancient tradition 古老傳統 |
| custom | 習俗 | 名詞 | Follow local customs. | social customs 社會習俗 |
| norm | 規範 | 名詞 | Social norms vary by culture. | cultural norms 文化規範 |
| taboo | 禁忌 | 名詞 | It’s a cultural taboo. | social taboo 社會禁忌 |
| ritual | 儀式 | 名詞 | The ritual is centuries old. | religious ritual 宗教儀式 |
| phenomenon | 現象 | 名詞 | It’s a global phenomenon. | social phenomenon 社會現象 |
| trend | 趨勢 | 名詞 | Follow current trends. | emerging trend 新興趨勢 |
| migration | 遷移 | 名詞 | Migration patterns are changing. | mass migration 大規模遷移 |
| urbanization | 都市化 | 名詞 | Rapid urbanization causes problems. | urban development 都市發展 |
七、政治與法律 (Politics & Law)
| 英文 | 中文 | 詞性 | 例句 | 搭配詞 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| legislation | 立法 | 名詞 | New legislation was passed. | draft legislation 起草法案 |
| regulation | 法規 | 名詞 | Follow safety regulations. | government regulation 政府法規 |
| policy | 政策 | 名詞 | The policy aims to reduce poverty. | public policy 公共政策 |
| reform | 改革 | 名詞/動詞 | Education reform is needed. | implement reforms 實施改革 |
| amendment | 修正案 | 名詞 | The amendment was approved. | constitutional amendment 憲法修正案 |
| constitution | 憲法 | 名詞 | The constitution protects rights. | constitutional rights 憲法權利 |
| sovereignty | 主權 | 名詞 | National sovereignty is important. | sovereign state 主權國家 |
| democracy | 民主 | 名詞 | Democracy requires participation. | democratic system 民主制度 |
| autocracy | 獨裁 | 名詞 | The country is an autocracy. | autocratic rule 獨裁統治 |
| bureaucracy | 官僚體系 | 名詞 | Bureaucracy slows progress. | government bureaucracy 政府官僚 |
| jurisdiction | 司法管轄權 | 名詞 | It’s outside our jurisdiction. | legal jurisdiction 法律管轄權 |
| litigation | 訴訟 | 名詞 | The litigation lasted years. | civil litigation 民事訴訟 |
| prosecution | 起訴/檢方 | 名詞 | The prosecution presented evidence. | criminal prosecution 刑事起訴 |
| defendant | 被告 | 名詞 | The defendant pleaded not guilty. | criminal defendant 刑事被告 |
| plaintiff | 原告 | 名詞 | The plaintiff filed a lawsuit. | civil plaintiff 民事原告 |
| verdict | 裁決 | 名詞 | The jury reached a verdict. | guilty verdict 有罪判決 |
| testimony | 證詞 | 名詞 | Witness testimony was crucial. | give testimony 作證 |
| precedent | 先例 | 名詞 | The case set a legal precedent. | legal precedent 法律先例 |
| sanction | 制裁 | 名詞/動詞 | Economic sanctions were imposed. | impose sanctions 實施制裁 |
| treaty | 條約 | 名詞 | The treaty was signed in 1945. | international treaty 國際條約 |
八、經濟與金融 (Economics & Finance)
| 英文 | 中文 | 詞性 | 例句 | 搭配詞 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| inflation | 通貨膨脹 | 名詞 | Inflation is rising rapidly. | control inflation 控制通膨 |
| deflation | 通貨緊縮 | 名詞 | Deflation can harm the economy. | deflationary pressure 通縮壓力 |
| recession | 經濟衰退 | 名詞 | The country entered a recession. | economic recession 經濟衰退 |
| depression | 經濟蕭條 | 名詞 | The Great Depression lasted years. | economic depression 經濟蕭條 |
| prosperity | 繁榮 | 名詞 | Economic prosperity benefits all. | shared prosperity 共享繁榮 |
| austerity | 緊縮 | 名詞 | Austerity measures were unpopular. | austerity policy 緊縮政策 |
| subsidy | 補貼 | 名詞 | Government subsidies support farmers. | agricultural subsidy 農業補貼 |
| tariff | 關稅 | 名詞 | Import tariffs were raised. | impose tariffs 徵收關稅 |
| quota | 配額 | 名詞 | Import quotas limit trade. | trade quota 貿易配額 |
| deficit | 赤字 | 名詞 | The budget deficit is growing. | trade deficit 貿易赤字 |
| surplus | 盈餘 | 名詞 | The country has a trade surplus. | budget surplus 預算盈餘 |
| volatility | 波動性 | 名詞 | Market volatility increased. | price volatility 價格波動 |
| speculation | 投機 | 名詞 | Speculation drove prices up. | financial speculation 金融投機 |
| liquidity | 流動性 | 名詞 | The market lacks liquidity. | liquidity crisis 流動性危機 |
| solvency | 償付能力 | 名詞 | The bank’s solvency is questioned. | financial solvency 財務償付能力 |
威威老師的中高級單字秘訣
- 不要只背中文意思 — 中高級單字要看例句、看搭配、看前後文
- 近義詞辨析是命脈 — 每天挑一組（例如 affect vs. influence vs. impact），自己造句區分
- 主題式記憶 — 一次背一個主題（例如「環境」），單字之間有連結，記得更牢
- 被動認得 ≠ 主動能用 — 每週挑 10 個字，強迫自己在寫作或口說練習中用出來
- 搭配詞比單字更重要 — 不是背 “achieve”，而是背 “achieve a goal / achieve success”
中高級單字之路沒有捷徑，但有了這本手冊，你至少知道方向在哪裡。加油！