GEPT 高級單字手冊 — 威威老師編著
威威老師小提醒
高級單字約 10,000 個,但真正的決勝點不是「量」,而是「精度」。高級考試大量出現近義詞辨析、搭配詞、以及抽象學術字。這本手冊幫你挑出最重要的 300 個高階核心字,按照語境分類。
高級近義詞辨析 30 組(最重要的先背!)
高級考試最愛考的就是——四個選項意思都差不多,叫你選「最適合」的那個。
| 組 | 近義詞群 | 核心差異 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | decrease / decline / diminish / dwindle | dwindle = 漸漸變少到幾乎沒有;diminish = 重要性或程度降低 |
| 2 | increase / surge / soar / escalate | soar = 快速上升到很高;escalate = 衝突或問題升級惡化 |
| 3 | change / alter / modify / transform | transform = 徹底改變;modify = 小幅調整 |
| 4 | improve / enhance / boost / refine | refine = 微調使其完美;boost = 短暫推高 |
| 5 | reduce / cut / slash / curtail | slash = 大幅砍;curtail = 限制(自由/權利) |
| 6 | create / generate / produce / devise | devise = 設計或發明(方案/儀器) |
| 7 | understand / comprehend / grasp / discern | discern = 在模糊或混亂中辨別出來 |
| 8 | show / demonstrate / illustrate / depict | depict = 用文字或圖畫描繪;illustrate = 舉例說明 |
| 9 | important / crucial / vital / paramount | paramount = 至高無上的重要性 |
| 10 | difficult / challenging / arduous / daunting | daunting = 令人畏懼的難;arduous = 極為費力的 |
| 11 | stop / cease / halt / terminate | terminate = 正式終止(合約/關係);halt = 突然停止 |
| 12 | start / commence / initiate / embark on | embark on = 開始一個長期或重大計畫 |
| 13 | cause / trigger / provoke / precipitate | precipitate = 加速引發(通常是負面事件) |
| 14 | affect / influence / impact / sway | sway = 影響某人的意見或決定 |
| 15 | solve / resolve / address / tackle | tackle = 以積極行動處理問題 |
| 16 | believe / assume / presume / speculate | speculate = 在資訊不足的情況下猜測 |
| 17 | suggest / propose / advocate / recommend | advocate = 公開提倡(一個立場或政策) |
| 18 | allow / permit / authorize / sanction | sanction = 正式批准(通常需要公文) |
| 19 | prevent / hinder / obstruct / impede | impede = 使前進或發展變慢(不一定是完全阻止) |
| 20 | protect / safeguard / shield / preserve | preserve = 保持原狀不變 |
| 21 | ignore / neglect / disregard / overlook | overlook = 因疏忽而沒注意到(不是故意的) |
| 22 | establish / found / institute / set up | institute = 正式建立(制度/法規) |
| 23 | require / demand / necessitate / entail | entail = 必然伴隨或需要(某個條件或結果) |
| 24 | examine / inspect / scrutinize / analyze | scrutinize = 非常仔細地檢查(找錯誤) |
| 25 | prove / verify / confirm / substantiate | substantiate = 提供證據來支持(一個主張) |
| 26 | agree / consent / concur / comply | comply = 遵守(規定/要求) |
| 27 | disagree / object / oppose / refute | refute = 用證據反駁(不只是說不同意) |
| 28 | consider / contemplate / ponder / deliberate | deliberate = 仔細討論或思考(通常一群人) |
| 29 | explain / clarify / elucidate / expound | elucidate = 把難以理解的東西解釋清楚 |
| 30 | emphasize / stress / highlight / underscore | underscore = 再次強調以顯示重要性 |
一、學術寫作高頻字 (Academic Writing)
| 英文 | 中文 | 用法提示 |
|---|---|---|
| paradigm | 典範/模式 | a paradigm shift(範式轉移) |
| empirical | 實證的 | empirical evidence(實證證據) |
| theoretical | 理論的 | theoretical framework(理論架構) |
| methodology | 方法論 | research methodology |
| hypothesis | 假說 | formulate a hypothesis |
| correlation | 相關性 | causal correlation(因果相關) |
| implication | 含意/影響 | far-reaching implications |
| discourse | 論述/話語 | academic discourse |
| synthesis | 綜合/合成 | synthesis of ideas |
| dichotomy | 二分法 | a false dichotomy |
| nuance | 細微差異 | subtle nuances |
| premise | 前提 | the basic premise |
| rationale | 根本原因/邏輯 | the rationale behind |
| consensus | 共識 | reach a consensus |
| assertion | 主張/斷言 | an unsubstantiated assertion |
二、社會議題與評論 (Social Commentary)
| 英文 | 中文 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| disparity | 差距/不平等 | income disparity |
| polarization | 兩極化 | political polarization |
| marginalize | 邊緣化 | marginalized communities |
| exacerbate | 惡化/加劇 | exacerbate the situation |
| alleviate | 減輕/緩解 | alleviate poverty |
| perpetuate | 使持續/延續 | perpetuate stereotypes |
| advocate | 提倡/倡導者 | advocate for change |
| undermine | 削弱/破壞 | undermine trust |
| exploit | 剝削/利用 | exploit workers |
| commodify | 商品化 | commodify culture |
| gentrification | 仕紳化/高檔化 | urban gentrification |
| censorship | 審查 | government censorship |
| accountability | 問責/責任 | hold someone accountable |
| transparency | 透明度 | lack of transparency |
| sovereignty | 主權 | national sovereignty |
三、批判思考與邏輯 (Critical Thinking)
| 英文 | 中文 | 用法提示 |
|---|---|---|
| fallacy | 謬誤 | logical fallacy(邏輯謬誤) |
| rhetoric | 修辭/話術 | political rhetoric |
| bias | 偏見 | confirmation bias(確認偏誤) |
| plausible | 看似合理的 | a plausible explanation |
| viable | 可行的 | a viable solution |
| ambiguous | 模糊的/歧義的 | deliberately ambiguous |
| contradictory | 矛盾的 | mutually contradictory |
| inference | 推論 | draw an inference |
| deduction | 演繹 | logical deduction |
| induction | 歸納 | inductive reasoning |
| rebuttal | 反駁 | a strong rebuttal |
| credibility | 可信度 | undermine credibility |
| objectivity | 客觀性 | journalistic objectivity |
| subjectivity | 主觀性 | inherent subjectivity |
| scrutiny | 仔細審查 | under close scrutiny |
四、商業與經濟 (Business & Economics)
| 英文 | 中文 | 搭配詞 |
|---|---|---|
| volatility | 波動性 | market volatility |
| resilience | 韌性/恢復力 | economic resilience |
| stagnation | 停滯 | wage stagnation |
| inflation | 通貨膨脹 | curb inflation |
| recession | 衰退 | slip into recession |
| deregulation | 放鬆管制 | financial deregulation |
| monopoly | 壟斷 | break up a monopoly |
| subsidy | 補貼 | government subsidy |
| fiscal | 財政的 | fiscal policy |
| monetary | 貨幣的 | monetary policy |
| depreciate | 貶值 | depreciate in value |
| appreciate | 升值/欣賞 | appreciate in value |
| diversify | 多元化 | diversify investments |
| leverage | 槓桿/利用 | leverage resources |
| acquisition | 收購 | merger and acquisition |
五、科技與未來 (Technology & Future)
| 英文 | 中文 | 脈絡 |
|---|---|---|
| exponential | 指數級的 | exponential growth |
| algorithm | 演算法 | recommendation algorithm |
| automation | 自動化 | job automation |
| artificial intelligence | 人工智慧 | AI ethics |
| surveillance | 監控 | mass surveillance |
| encryption | 加密 | end-to-end encryption |
| proliferation | 擴散 | nuclear proliferation |
| renewable | 可再生的 | renewable energy |
| sustainable | 永續的 | sustainable development |
| innovation | 創新 | disruptive innovation |
| obsolete | 過時的 | render obsolete |
| cutting-edge | 前端的 | cutting-edge technology |
| quantum | 量子 | quantum computing |
| biotechnology | 生物科技 | advances in biotechnology |
| cryptocurrency | 加密貨幣 | cryptocurrency exchange |
六、心理與人類行為 (Psychology & Human Behavior)
| 英文 | 中文 | 用法 |
|---|---|---|
| cognitive | 認知的 | cognitive bias |
| innate | 天生的 | innate ability |
| intrinsic | 內在的 | intrinsic motivation |
| extrinsic | 外在的 | extrinsic rewards |
| resilience | 心理韌性 | emotional resilience |
| impulse | 衝動 | impulse control |
| gratification | 滿足 | instant gratification |
| predisposition | 傾向/體質 | genetic predisposition |
| conformity | 服從/從眾 | social conformity |
| empathy | 同理心 | show empathy |
| narcissism | 自戀 | pathological narcissism |
| manipulation | 操縱 | emotional manipulation |
| perception | 感知/看法 | public perception |
| behavioral | 行為的 | behavioral economics |
| subconscious | 潛意識的 | subconscious mind |
威威老師的高級單字秘訣
- 不要只背中文意思 — 高級單字要看例句、看搭配、看前後文
- 近義詞辨析是命脈 — 每天挑一組(例如 decrease vs. dwindle vs. diminish),自己造句區分
- 閱讀時圈起來 — 讀學術文章時遇到不認識的字,先猜後查,記在 ENG_VOC 系統
- 被動認得 ≠ 主動能用 — 每週挑 10 個字,強迫自己在寫作或口說練習中用出來
- 學術文字不是裝飾 — 不要為了用難字而用難字,用錯比不用更扣分
高級單字之路沒有捷徑,但有了這本手冊,你至少知道方向在哪裡。加油!