TOEFL 學術片語與慣用語
威威老師小提醒
TOEFL 是學術考試，所以片語也以學術寫作 + 校園生活為核心。這份檔案有 100 個 TOEFL 高頻片語，分 10 個學術主題。
Topic 1: 學術寫作核心片語（10 個）
| 片語 | 中文 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| shed light on | 闡明 | This study sheds light on the phenomenon. |
| draw a conclusion | 下結論 | We can draw a conclusion from these data. |
| draw on | 借鑑 | The author draws on multiple sources. |
| call into question | 質疑 | These findings call into question the theory. |
| lend support to | 支持 | The evidence lends support to the hypothesis. |
| take into account | 考慮 | We must take into account all factors. |
| come to terms with | 接受 | Society must come to terms with climate change. |
| bring to light | 揭露 | The investigation brought to light new evidence. |
| set forth | 闡述 | The author sets forth her argument. |
| lay the groundwork for | 為…奠基 | This study lays the groundwork for future research. |
Topic 2: 校園生活（10 個）
| 片語 | 中文 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| major in | 主修 | I major in biology. |
| minor in | 副修 | She minors in psychology. |
| drop a class | 退選 | I had to drop the class. |
| add a class | 加選 | Can I still add a class? |
| take a course | 修課 | I’ll take this course next semester. |
| sign up for | 報名 | I’ll sign up for the seminar. |
| on campus | 校園內 | I live on campus. |
| off campus | 校外 | He moved off campus this year. |
| pull an all-nighter | 熬夜 | I pulled an all-nighter for the exam. |
| cram for an exam | 臨時抱佛腳 | She’s cramming for the exam. |
Topic 3: 課堂與學習（10 個）
| 片語 | 中文 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| attend class | 上課 | I attend class regularly. |
| skip class | 翹課 | Don’t skip class too often. |
| take notes | 做筆記 | I take notes in every class. |
| hand in / submit | 提交（作業） | Please hand in your assignments. |
| turn in | 繳交 | I’ll turn in my paper tomorrow. |
| fall behind | 落後 | If you don’t study, you’ll fall behind. |
| catch up with | 趕上 | I need to catch up with the readings. |
| make up for | 彌補 | I’ll make up for the missed class. |
| take a make-up exam | 補考 | Can I take a make-up exam? |
| stay on top of | 緊跟 | Stay on top of your studies. |
Topic 4: 研究與分析（10 個）
| 片語 | 中文 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| conduct research | 進行研究 | We’re conducting research on this topic. |
| carry out a study | 執行研究 | They carried out a study in 2020. |
| collect data | 收集數據 | First, we collect data. |
| analyze findings | 分析結果 | Then we analyze the findings. |
| draw inferences | 做推論 | We can draw inferences from this. |
| come up with | 想出 | Researchers came up with a solution. |
| rule out | 排除 | We can rule out other explanations. |
| account for | 解釋；佔 | This factor accounts for the variation. |
| adjust for | 調整 | We must adjust for confounding variables. |
| build on | 在…基礎上 | This study builds on previous work. |
Topic 5: 比較與對比（10 個）
| 片語 | 中文 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| in contrast to | 與…相反 | In contrast to earlier studies, this one… |
| as opposed to | 而非 | I prefer A as opposed to B. |
| bear similarities to | 與…相似 | This bears similarities to previous findings. |
| stand in contrast to | 與…形成對比 | His view stands in contrast to the consensus. |
| vary widely | 差異很大 | Opinions vary widely on this issue. |
| on a par with | 與…相當 | Her work is on a par with experts. |
| set apart from | 與…有別 | This sets her apart from her peers. |
| be in line with | 與…一致 | The findings are in line with expectations. |
| far from | 遠非 | The conclusion is far from definitive. |
| by contrast | 相比之下 | By contrast, the second group showed… |
Topic 6: 因果關係（10 個）
| 片語 | 中文 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| give rise to | 引起 | This gives rise to several questions. |
| stem from | 源於 | The problem stems from poor planning. |
| arise from | 產生於 | Issues often arise from misunderstanding. |
| lead to | 導致 | Stress can lead to health problems. |
| result in | 導致 | This will result in changes. |
| bring about | 帶來 | Technology brings about transformation. |
| trigger | 觸發 | The crisis triggered widespread reform. |
| be attributable to | 可歸因於 | The increase is attributable to policy changes. |
| attributable factors | 可歸因的因素 | Several attributable factors explain this. |
| as a consequence of | 作為…的後果 | As a consequence of these factors… |
Topic 7: 強調與限制（10 個）
| 片語 | 中文 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| first and foremost | 首要 | First and foremost, we must consider… |
| above all | 最重要的是 | Above all, accuracy is essential. |
| what is more | 更重要的是 | What is more, the data shows… |
| on top of that | 此外 | On top of that, costs are rising. |
| for the most part | 大部分 | For the most part, the results agree. |
| to a great extent | 很大程度 | This is true to a great extent. |
| to some extent | 某種程度 | I agree to some extent. |
| on the whole | 整體而言 | On the whole, the project succeeded. |
| all things considered | 整體考量 | All things considered, it’s a wise decision. |
| at best | 充其量 | The evidence is, at best, suggestive. |
Topic 8: 問題與解決（10 個）
| 片語 | 中文 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| address an issue | 處理議題 | We must address this issue. |
| tackle a problem | 處理問題 | The government must tackle this problem. |
| come to grips with | 認真面對 | We need to come to grips with climate change. |
| deal with | 處理 | How do we deal with these challenges? |
| find a solution | 找到解決方案 | We must find a solution. |
| work out | 解決 | We need to work out the details. |
| figure out | 想出 | I can’t figure out this problem. |
| resolve a dispute | 解決爭端 | They eventually resolved the dispute. |
| overcome obstacles | 克服障礙 | She overcame many obstacles. |
| a stumbling block | 絆腳石 | Funding is a stumbling block. |
Topic 9: 學術慣用語（10 個）
| 慣用語 | 中文 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| a paradigm shift | 典範轉移 | This represents a paradigm shift. |
| the cutting edge | 最前沿 | This research is at the cutting edge. |
| break new ground | 開創新局 | The study breaks new ground. |
| bridge the gap | 彌合差距 | This research bridges the gap. |
| a watershed moment | 分水嶺 | It was a watershed moment. |
| a turning point | 轉捩點 | This was a turning point in history. |
| the tip of the iceberg | 冰山一角 | This is just the tip of the iceberg. |
| a double-edged sword | 雙面刃 | Technology is a double-edged sword. |
| a vicious circle | 惡性循環 | Poverty creates a vicious circle. |
| a self-fulfilling prophecy | 自我實現預言 | Pessimism becomes a self-fulfilling prophecy. |
Topic 10: 學術評價（10 個）
| 片語 | 中文 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| stand the test of time | 經得起時間考驗 | The theory has stood the test of time. |
| fall short of | 達不到 | The study falls short of expectations. |
| live up to | 達到 | It lives up to its reputation. |
| leave much to be desired | 不盡人意 | The results leave much to be desired. |
| a far cry from | 與…差距甚遠 | This is a far cry from the original. |
| be on the right track | 走對路 | We’re on the right track. |
| be in the right ballpark | 大致正確 | Your estimate is in the right ballpark. |
| make headway | 取得進展 | We’re making headway on the project. |
| gain traction | 獲得進展 | The idea is gaining traction. |
| lose momentum | 失去動能 | The campaign has lost momentum. |
練習題（30 題）
Section A: 選出最適合的片語（15 題）
Q1. This study _______ on previous research. (A) builds (B) shed light (C) calls into question (D) lays groundwork
Q2. Researchers must _______ multiple variables. (A) account for (B) draw a conclusion (C) come up with (D) bring to light
Q3. The findings _______ the long-held theory. (A) call into question (B) lend support to (C) shed light on (D) Both A and B work in different contexts
Q4. I have to _______ an exam tonight. (A) cram for (B) sign up (C) major in (D) drop
Q5. Don’t _______ in your studies. (A) fall behind (B) catch up (C) skip class (D) take notes
Q6. This research is _______ scientific innovation. (A) at the cutting edge (B) the tip of the iceberg (C) a vicious circle (D) a far cry
Q7. _______ , we should adopt this policy. (A) On the whole (B) At best (C) On top of that (D) Far from
Q8. Climate change has _______ many environmental problems. (A) given rise to (B) come up with (C) ruled out (D) come to grips with
Q9. The dispute was finally _______ . (A) resolved (B) accounted for (C) overcome (D) addressed
Q10. These findings _______ those of earlier studies. (A) bear similarities to (B) call into question (C) shed light on (D) Both A and B work
Q11. This is just _______ — there are many more issues. (A) the tip of the iceberg (B) a paradigm shift (C) a watershed moment (D) the cutting edge
Q12. This breakthrough represents _______ . (A) a paradigm shift (B) a stumbling block (C) a vicious circle (D) a far cry from
Q13. _______ , the project has been successful. (A) For the most part (B) At best (C) Far from (D) Above all
Q14. The team is _______ on solving this problem. (A) making headway (B) losing momentum (C) falling short (D) leaving much to be desired
Q15. This is _______ — both beneficial and harmful. (A) a double-edged sword (B) a self-fulfilling prophecy (C) the tip of the iceberg (D) a turning point
Section B: 中翻英（10 題）
Q16. 這項研究為新理解奠定了基礎。 → This research lays the groundwork for new understanding.
Q17. 我們必須考慮所有因素。 → We must take into account all factors.
Q18. 這個問題源於溝通不良。 → The problem stems from poor communication.
Q19. 這個理論經得起時間考驗。 → The theory has stood the test of time.
Q20. 整體而言，這個計畫成功了。 → On the whole, the project succeeded.
Q21. 我們在這個議題上取得進展。 → We’re making headway on this issue.
Q22. 這項研究借鑒了多個學科。 → This study draws on multiple disciplines.
Q23. 我們需要排除其他可能性。 → We need to rule out other possibilities.
Q24. 這代表了一個典範轉移。 → This represents a paradigm shift.
Q25. 我必須熬夜趕報告。 → I have to pull an all-nighter to finish the paper.
Section C: 學術句改寫（5 題）
Q26. 普通：This research is very important. → 升級：This research breaks new ground in the field.
Q27. 普通：This is the most important factor. → 升級：This is, first and foremost, the most important factor.
Q28. 普通：This will cause many problems. → 升級：This will give rise to many problems.
Q29. 普通：The data is not clear. → 升級：The data leaves much to be desired.
Q30. 普通：Many factors explain this. → 升級：Several factors account for this phenomenon.
解答
| 題號 | 答案 |
|---|---|
| 1 | (A) builds |
| 2 | (A) account for |
| 3 | (D) Both A and B |
| 4 | (A) cram for |
| 5 | (A) fall behind |
| 6 | (A) at the cutting edge |
| 7 | (A) On the whole |
| 8 | (A) given rise to |
| 9 | (A) resolved |
| 10 | (D) Both A and B |
| 11 | (A) the tip of the iceberg |
| 12 | (A) a paradigm shift |
| 13 | (A) For the most part |
| 14 | (A) making headway |
| 15 | (A) a double-edged sword |
TOEFL 寫作 / 口說中如何使用
範例：寫作升級
普通版：
This study is important. It found that climate change is real and
will cause many problems.
TOEFL 學術版：
This study breaks new ground in our understanding of climate change.
It sheds light on the multifaceted impacts of warming and lays the
groundwork for future research. The findings will undoubtedly give
rise to important policy discussions.
範例：口說升級
普通版：
I think technology is good and bad. It helps us but also hurts us.
TOEFL 學術版：
Technology is, first and foremost, a double-edged sword. While it
brings about remarkable benefits, it also gives rise to challenges
we must come to grips with. On the whole, the key is to harness its
benefits while mitigating its drawbacks.
4 週背片語計畫
| 週 | 主題 | 每天 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Topic 1-3（學術寫作 + 校園 + 課堂） | 5 個 + 例句 |
| 2 | Topic 4-6（研究 + 比較 + 因果） | 5 個 + 例句 |
| 3 | Topic 7-9（強調 + 解決 + 慣用語） | 5 個 + 例句 |
| 4 | Topic 10 + 全部複習 | 5 個 + 應用 |
威威老師的最後叮嚀
TOEFL 寫作和口說的「學術感」就是靠這些片語撐起來的。
黃金法則：
- 每篇用 3-5 個學術片語 —— 不要太多，會堆砌
- 不要用日常口語 —— 例如不要說 “I think it’s a big deal”，要說 “This is a significant issue”
- 用對情境 —— 學術片語放學術文章
TOEFL 100 分 = 認得 50 個學術片語 TOEFL 110 分 = 主動使用 80 個學術片語 TOEFL 115+ = 100 個都能在不同情境靈活使用
加油！威威老師相信你做得到！