TOEIC 文法練習題
威威老師說
文法不是用來背規則的，是用來解題的。以下每一題都對應 TOEIC Part 5-6 的真實出題邏輯。做完 + 檢討完，你的 Part 5 答題速度至少快一倍。
一、詞性判別（Part of Speech）— 20 題
文法快覽
詞性題佔 Part 5 約 40%。核心原則：看空格前後的字決定答案。
- 冠詞 (a/an/the) / 所有格 (my, his, their) +
______→ 名詞- be 動詞 / 連綴動詞 +
______→ 形容詞 或 V-ing/V-pp- 修飾動詞 / 形容詞 / 整個句子 → 副詞（通常是 -ly 結尾）
- 主詞 +
______+ 受詞 → 動詞
1. The new software update offers __________ improvements in data processing speed. (A) signify (B) significant (C) significantly (D) significance
2. All employees must submit their expense reports __________ by the end of each month. (A) prompt (B) promptly (C) promptness (D) prompted
3. The company’s rapid __________ into international markets surprised industry analysts. (A) expand (B) expanding (C) expansion (D) expanded
4. Ms. Thompson was __________ pleased with the quarterly sales results. (A) extreme (B) extremely (C) extremity (D) extremes
5. The training session will provide a __________ overview of the new security protocols. (A) comprehend (B) comprehensive (C) comprehensively (D) comprehension
6. Customers have complained that the website loads too __________. (A) slow (B) slower (C) slowly (D) slowness
7. The __________ of the new office building is scheduled for next March. (A) complete (B) completing (C) completion (D) completely
8. Applicants must demonstrate __________ in at least two foreign languages. (A) proficient (B) proficiency (C) proficiently (D) more proficient
9. The marketing team presented a __________ designed advertising campaign. (A) care (B) careful (C) carefully (D) carefulness
10. The CEO emphasized the __________ of maintaining strong client relationships. (A) important (B) importantly (C) more important (D) importance
11. Due to __________ weather conditions, the outdoor event has been postponed. (A) favor (B) favorable (C) unfavorable (D) favorably
12. The IT department responded __________ to the system outage. (A) immediate (B) immediately (C) immediacy (D) immediateness
13. We are seeking a __________ for the position of regional sales manager. (A) qualify (B) qualified (C) qualification (D) qualifying
14. The speaker addressed the audience with great __________. (A) confident (B) confidently (C) confidence (D) confide
15. The report contains several __________ errors that need to be corrected. (A) fact (B) factual (C) factually (D) facts
16. The board members voted __________ to approve the merger. (A) unanimous (B) unanimously (C) unanimity (D) more unanimous
17. Regular maintenance is __________ for keeping the equipment in good condition. (A) essence (B) essential (C) essentially (D) essentials
18. The consultant provided a __________ analysis of the company’s financial situation. (A) thorough (B) thoroughly (C) thoroughness (D) more thorough
19. The factory’s __________ has increased by 15% since the new system was installed. (A) produce (B) product (C) productive (D) productivity
20. The job offer was __________ attractive, so she accepted it immediately. (A) exceptional (B) exceptionally (C) exception (D) except
二、時態（Tense）— 20 題
文法快覽
時態題的答案藏在時間線索詞裡。TOEIC 最愛考的是現在完成式 (have/has + V-pp) vs. 過去式 vs. 現在式。
- since / for / already / yet / recently → 現在完成式
- yesterday / last week / in 2019 / ago → 過去式
- every day / usually / always → 現在簡單式
- now / currently / at the moment → 現在進行式
- by the time / by next month → 未來完成式
1. Since the new policy was introduced, employee satisfaction __________ significantly. (A) improved (B) has improved (C) improves (D) was improving
2. The conference __________ place in Tokyo last year. (A) takes (B) took (C) has taken (D) was taking
3. By the time the CEO arrives, we __________ all the necessary documents. (A) will prepare (B) will have prepared (C) are preparing (D) have prepared
4. The customer service team __________ over 500 calls every day. (A) handle (B) is handling (C) handles (D) has handled
5. When I called the help desk, a technician __________ on my issue. (A) already worked (B) has already worked (C) was already working (D) will already work
6. The company __________ in this building since 2005. (A) is located (B) was located (C) has been located (D) had been located
7. Next month, our team __________ a new project management system. (A) implements (B) will implement (C) has implemented (D) implemented
8. At this time yesterday, the maintenance crew __________ the elevator. (A) repairs (B) was repairing (C) has repaired (D) will repair
9. The sales figures for this quarter __________ a steady increase so far. (A) show (B) showed (C) have shown (D) will show
10. Before joining our company, Mr. Chen __________ at a major bank for ten years. (A) works (B) has worked (C) had worked (D) was worked
11. The stock market __________ volatile recently due to economic uncertainty. (A) is (B) was (C) has been (D) had been
12. Please wait in the lobby; the manager __________ with another client at the moment. (A) meets (B) is meeting (C) has met (D) met
13. The deadline for the report __________ yesterday, but many staff members still haven’t submitted. (A) was (B) is (C) has been (D) will be
14. We __________ the new product line at next week’s trade fair. (A) launch (B) launched (C) have launched (D) will be launching
15. I __________ the invoice yet; I will process it this afternoon. (A) don’t receive (B) didn’t receive (C) haven’t received (D) won’t receive
16. By 2030, the company __________ operations in over 50 countries. (A) establishes (B) will establish (C) will have established (D) is establishing
17. While the presentation __________, the fire alarm suddenly went off. (A) was going on (B) has gone on (C) went on (D) is going on
18. The marketing director __________ to three different cities this month. (A) travels (B) has traveled (C) traveled (D) will travel
19. Every quarter, the department heads __________ a performance review. (A) conduct (B) are conducting (C) have conducted (D) conducted
20. She __________ for the position before she submitted her application letter. (A) has already researched (B) had already researched (C) already researches (D) was already researched
三、介系詞（Prepositions）— 15 題
文法快覽
TOEIC 介系詞考的是搭配習慣，不是翻譯。最高頻：in/on/at + 時間，for/since + 期間，by + 方式/期限，with + 伴隨，from…to…。
- at + 具體時間點 / 地點點 → at 3pm, at the airport
- on + 日期 / 樓層 / 表面 → on Monday, on the third floor
- in + 月/年/季節 / 範圍內 → in July, in the meeting room
- for + 一段時間 / 目的 → for three years, for your reference
- since + 起始時間點 → since 2018
1. The seminar will be held __________ March 15. (A) in (B) at (C) on (D) by
2. Ms. Park has been working for this company __________ 2012. (A) for (B) since (C) from (D) in
3. All payments must be made __________ credit card or bank transfer. (A) with (B) in (C) by (D) on
4. The conference room is located __________ the second floor. (A) in (B) at (C) on (D) to
5. Employees are entitled __________ 20 days of paid vacation per year. (A) for (B) to (C) with (D) by
6. The shipment will arrive __________ two business days. (A) within (B) on (C) at (D) since
7. Please submit your report to the supervisor __________ Friday at the latest. (A) in (B) by (C) on (D) until
8. The company is famous __________ its excellent customer service. (A) for (B) with (C) in (D) about
9. The new branch office will open __________ the beginning of next year. (A) in (B) on (C) at (D) by
10. Visitors are requested to sign in __________ the reception desk. (A) in (B) on (C) at (D) to
11. The project was completed ahead __________ schedule. (A) in (B) of (C) on (D) from
12. All departments must comply __________ the new safety regulations. (A) with (B) to (C) for (D) on
13. The workshop runs __________ 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. each day. (A) at (B) in (C) from (D) on
14. We are looking forward __________ hearing from you soon. (A) for (B) to (C) with (D) at
15. The HR manager is responsible __________ recruiting and training new staff. (A) in (B) for (C) with (D) to
四、連接詞與關係代名詞（Conjunctions & Relatives）— 15 題
文法快覽
連接詞考的是前後句的邏輯關係；關係代名詞考的是前面的名詞是人還是物。
- 附加 → and / in addition / furthermore
- 轉折 → but / however / although / even though / despite + N
- 因果 → because / since / therefore / so
- 選擇 → or / either…or
- who → 修飾人 | which → 修飾物/整句話 | that → 人或物皆可 | whose → 所有格
1. The flight was delayed, __________ we arrived at the conference two hours late. (A) because (B) so (C) although (D) unless
2. The applicant __________ resume impressed the hiring manager was offered the position. (A) who (B) which (C) whose (D) whom
3. __________ the project was over budget, management decided to continue funding it. (A) Because (B) Since (C) Despite (D) Although
4. You can submit your application online __________ you can mail it to our headquarters. (A) and (B) or (C) but (D) so
5. The company __________ products are sold worldwide is expanding into new markets. (A) who (B) which (C) whose (D) whom
6. __________ the heavy rain, the outdoor event proceeded as planned. (A) Although (B) Despite (C) Because of (D) However
7. The employee __________ we hired last month has already made a significant contribution. (A) who (B) which (C) what (D) whom
8. The training was both informative __________ engaging. (A) or (B) nor (C) and (D) but
9. __________ you register before Friday, you will receive a 10% discount. (A) If (B) Unless (C) Because (D) Although
10. The report, __________ was submitted yesterday, contains several important findings. (A) who (B) which (C) what (D) whose
11. The company had to lay off some employees __________ declining revenue. (A) because (B) because of (C) although (D) despite
12. Neither the CEO __________ the CFO was available for comment. (A) or (B) and (C) nor (D) but
13. The client __________ we met with last week has agreed to sign the contract. (A) who (B) which (C) whose (D) whom
14. __________ it was her first presentation, she delivered it with great confidence. (A) If (B) Because (C) Even though (D) Since
15. The department __________ budget was cut will have to reduce its spending. (A) who (B) which (C) whose (D) whom
五、主詞動詞一致（Subject-Verb Agreement）— 10 題
文法快覽
TOEIC 最愛在「主詞和動詞之間塞一堆修飾語」來混淆你。秘訣：直接把主詞圈出來，忽略中間的所有東西。
- 複合主詞 with A and B → 複數動詞
- 複合主詞 A along with B → 只看 A 決定單複數
- One of the + 複數N → 單數動詞（修飾的是 “one”）
- The number of + 複數N → 單數；A number of + 複數N → 複數
1. The CEO, along with the board members, __________ attending the conference. (A) is (B) are (C) were (D) have been
2. Each of the applicants __________ to complete a background check. (A) need (B) needs (C) needing (D) needed
3. The information in these reports __________ very useful for our planning. (A) are (B) were (C) is (D) have been
4. Neither the manager nor his assistants __________ available to take your call right now. (A) is (B) are (C) was (D) has been
5. The number of complaints from customers __________ decreased this month. (A) have (B) has (C) are (D) were
6. One of the key factors in business success __________ effective communication. (A) are (B) is (C) were (D) have been
7. The team of engineers __________ on the design since January. (A) has been working (B) have been working (C) are working (D) are worked
8. Both the marketing department and the sales team __________ the proposal. (A) supports (B) support (C) is supporting (D) was supporting
9. Every employee in all branch offices __________ to attend the annual meeting. (A) are required (B) is required (C) require (D) were required
10. The data collected from the survey __________ some interesting trends. (A) shows (B) show (C) are showing (D) were shown
六、比較級與最高級（Comparatives & Superlatives）— 10 題
文法快覽
比較級關鍵信號詞：than、more/less、as…as。 最高級關鍵信號詞：the + -est / the most。 常見錯誤：more + 形容詞原級（沒得比）vs. more + than（有得比）。
1. This quarter’s sales figures are __________ than those of the previous quarter. (A) high (B) higher (C) highest (D) more high
2. Of all the candidates, Ms. Lee has the __________ relevant experience. (A) much (B) more (C) most (D) many
3. The new software is __________ as the old version, but it costs less. (A) as efficient (B) more efficient (C) the most efficient (D) efficiently
4. The larger the company, __________ complex its organizational structure becomes. (A) more (B) most (C) the more (D) the most
5. This hotel is considerably __________ than the one we stayed in last year. (A) expensive (B) more expensive (C) most expensive (D) expensively
6. Ms. Wang is one of the __________ respected managers in the entire company. (A) highly (B) more highly (C) most highly (D) highlier
7. The shipping fee is __________ than we had budgeted for. (A) slightly high (B) slight higher (C) slightly higher (D) slightest highest
8. No other product on the market is as __________ as ours. (A) reliable (B) more reliable (C) most reliable (D) reliably
9. The new office is __________ the old one, with twice the floor space. (A) as twice large as (B) twice as large as (C) larger twice than (D) twice larger than
10. This year’s conference had __________ attendees than any previous year. (A) few (B) fewer (C) fewest (D) less
七、動名詞與不定詞（Gerunds & Infinitives）— 10 題
文法快覽
這類題目考的是「哪些動詞後面接 to V，哪些接 V-ing」。
- 幾乎必接 to V：decide, agree, refuse, expect, hope, plan, promise, manage
- 幾乎必接 V-ing：enjoy, avoid, consider, suggest, recommend, finish, practice, mind
- 兩者都可但意思不同：remember, forget, stop, try
- 介系詞後一定接 V-ing (look forward to + V-ing)
1. The company decided __________ a new branch in Singapore. (A) open (B) opening (C) to open (D) opened
2. Employees are encouraged __________ professional development courses. (A) taking (B) to take (C) take (D) took
3. Please avoid __________ personal calls during working hours. (A) make (B) making (C) to make (D) made
4. She suggested __________ the meeting to next Monday. (A) postponing (B) to postpone (C) postpone (D) postponed
5. We look forward to __________ from you at your earliest convenience. (A) hear (B) heard (C) hearing (D) hears
6. The client refused __________ the revised contract. (A) sign (B) signing (C) to sign (D) signed
7. I recommend __________ a backup of all important documents regularly. (A) make (B) making (C) to make (D) made
8. The HR department expects __________ all new hires by the end of this month. (A) training (B) train (C) to have trained (D) to training
9. He stopped __________ a cup of coffee before continuing with the project. (A) to have (B) having (C) have (D) had
10. Without __________ the proper equipment, the technicians cannot complete the repair. (A) have (B) had (C) having (D) to have
八、被動語態（Passive Voice）— 10 題
文法快覽
被動語態 = be + V-pp（過去分詞）。重點是看主詞是「做動作的人」還是「接受動作的人/物」。
- 時間在題目裡會影響 be 動詞的形式：is/was/has been/will be + V-pp
- 被動 + by 的省略：by them/by people 通常省略
- 常見混淆：V-pp 當形容詞用（I am interested vs. I am interesting）
1. The annual report __________ to all shareholders last week. (A) was distributed (B) is distributing (C) has distributed (D) distributed
2. All visitors __________ to sign in at the front desk before entering the building. (A) require (B) are required (C) requiring (D) have required
3. The damaged equipment __________ immediately upon discovery. (A) replaced (B) was replaced (C) was replacing (D) replaces
4. The construction project __________ by the end of next year. (A) will be completed (B) will complete (C) is completing (D) completes
5. All inquiries should __________ to the customer service department. (A) direct (B) directing (C) be directed (D) directed
6. The email was __________ to the wrong mailing list by mistake. (A) send (B) sending (C) sent (D) sends
7. The new policy __________ by the board of directors two weeks ago. (A) is approved (B) was approved (C) has approved (D) approved
8. These documents need __________ before they can be filed. (A) review (B) reviewing (C) to be reviewed (D) being reviewed
9. The products __________ from high-quality materials sourced locally. (A) make (B) are made (C) have made (D) making
10. A formal invitation __________ to all participants by the end of this week. (A) will send (B) will be sent (C) is sending (D) sends
九、綜合練習（Mixed Practice）
綜合練習 Set A（30 題）
威威老師的考試技巧
這組題目模擬真實 Part 5 的出題比例：詞性 ~12 題、時態 ~5 題、介系詞 ~4 題、連接詞 ~4 題、主詞動詞一致 ~2 題、比較級 ~2 題、動名詞/不定詞 ~3 題、被動 ~3 題。請在 12 分鐘內完成。
A1. The manager asked for a __________ explanation of the budget discrepancy. (A) detail (B) detailed (C) detailing (D) details
A2. Mr. Brown has been the head of the accounting department __________ 2015. (A) for (B) since (C) in (D) by
A3. __________ the high cost of raw materials, the company still managed to post a profit. (A) Although (B) Despite (C) Because (D) Since
A4. The board members unanimously voted __________ the merger. (A) approving (B) approve (C) to approve (D) approved
A5. The new interns __________ a thorough orientation session on their first day. (A) receives (B) receive (C) is receiving (D) has received
A6. The research team worked __________ throughout the night to meet the deadline. (A) diligent (B) diligence (C) diligently (D) more diligent
A7. The presentation was not only informative __________ also highly entertaining. (A) and (B) or (C) but (D) nor
A8. The shipment __________ to arrive within two business days. (A) expects (B) is expected (C) expecting (D) has expected
A9. Of the two proposals, the second one is clearly the __________. (A) good (B) better (C) best (D) more good
A10. The company’s IT infrastructure has become increasingly __________ over the years. (A) complex (B) complexity (C) complexly (D) complexities
A11. __________ you have any questions regarding your order, please contact our support team. (A) Would (B) Should (C) Could (D) Will
A12. The maintenance crew finished __________ the elevator earlier than expected. (A) repair (B) repairing (C) to repair (D) repaired
A13. Ms. Yang __________ the company for over a decade before she retired. (A) works for (B) worked for (C) has worked for (D) had worked for
A14. Attendance __________ mandatory for this training session. (A) is (B) are (C) were (D) have been
A15. The contract stipulates that all payments must be made __________ 30 days of the invoice date. (A) by (B) until (C) within (D) since
A16. __________ his extensive experience, he was offered the senior position. (A) Although (B) Despite (C) Due to (D) Even though
A17. The software update __________ some minor bugs that users had been reporting. (A) fixes (B) fixed (C) has fixed (D) will fix
A18. All employees must wear identification badges while __________ on company premises. (A) work (B) worked (C) working (D) are working
A19. The hotel where the conference __________ is equipped with state-of-the-art facilities. (A) will hold (B) will be held (C) holds (D) is holding
A20. The manager spoke __________ about the company’s future expansion plans. (A) enthusiastic (B) enthusiastically (C) enthusiasm (D) enthusiast
A21. This model is significantly __________ than the previous one in terms of energy efficiency. (A) good (B) better (C) best (D) well
A22. The client __________ proposal we rejected has submitted a revised version. (A) who (B) which (C) what (D) whose
A23. Neither the receptionist __________ the office assistant was able to locate the missing file. (A) or (B) and (C) nor (D) but
A24. We appreciate your patience during the __________ period. (A) renovation (B) renovate (C) renovating (D) renovated
A25. The deadline for submitting expense reports is __________ Friday. (A) in (B) at (C) on (D) by
A26. All staff members are reminded __________ personal items out of the conference room after meetings. (A) take (B) taking (C) to take (D) took
A27. The research indicated that customer satisfaction __________ over the past year. (A) declines (B) has declined (C) declined (D) was declining
A28. Each department __________ a monthly report to the executive committee. (A) submit (B) submits (C) are submitting (D) have submitted
A29. The contract was signed on Monday and __________ immediately the next day. (A) is effective (B) became effective (C) has become effective (D) will become effective
A30. The survey results confirmed __________ that we had suspected all along. (A) how (B) which (C) what (D) who
綜合練習 Set B（30 題）
B1. The new CEO brings a __________ amount of international experience to the company. (A) consider (B) considerable (C) considerably (D) consideration
B2. The workshop will begin __________ 9:00 a.m. sharp. (A) on (B) at (C) in (D) by
B3. The office will remain closed __________ the renovations are complete. (A) during (B) while (C) until (D) by
B4. The team members decided __________ the project timeline for better efficiency. (A) reorganize (B) reorganizing (C) to reorganize (D) reorganized
B5. A majority of the staff __________ in favor of the proposed changes. (A) is (B) are (C) was (D) has been
B6. The report was __________ written and contained very few errors. (A) care (B) careful (C) carefully (D) carefulness
B7. __________ the factory operates 24 hours a day, noise levels in nearby areas are monitored regularly. (A) Since (B) Despite (C) Unless (D) Even if
B8. The new product line __________ by a team of skilled engineers. (A) was designed (B) designed (C) is designing (D) will design
B9. This is by far the __________ successful campaign the company has ever launched. (A) more (B) most (C) very (D) much
B10. The company values __________ and integrity above all else. (A) honest (B) honesty (C) honestly (D) more honest
B11. __________ the heavy traffic, she managed to arrive at the meeting on time. (A) Because of (B) Despite (C) Although (D) Since
B12. The IT specialist suggested __________ the entire server system. (A) upgrade (B) upgrading (C) to upgrade (D) upgraded
B13. She __________ in the marketing department for five years when she was promoted to manager. (A) worked (B) has worked (C) had been working (D) is working
B14. Each participant __________ a certificate of completion at the end of the course. (A) receive (B) receives (C) are receiving (D) were receiving
B15. Please submit all receipts __________ the finance department no later than Friday. (A) for (B) to (C) with (D) at
B16. The assistant, __________ has been with the company for 20 years, is retiring next month. (A) who (B) which (C) whom (D) whose
B17. The CEO announced both the quarterly results __________ the company’s plans for expansion. (A) or (B) but (C) and (D) nor
B18. All applications __________ by the hiring committee before interviews are scheduled. (A) review (B) are reviewed (C) reviewing (D) reviewed
B19. The training program is designed __________ new employees with the necessary skills. (A) providing (B) for provide (C) to provide (D) provides
B20. The production costs have increased __________ since the new tariffs were imposed. (A) substantial (B) substance (C) substantially (D) more substantial
B21. __________ the contract is signed by both parties, the project cannot begin. (A) If (B) Unless (C) Because (D) Although
B22. This printer is __________ as the more expensive model, but significantly cheaper. (A) as reliable as (B) so reliable (C) more reliable than (D) the most reliable
B23. __________ in large corporations requires exceptional interpersonal skills. (A) Manage (B) Managing (C) Managed (D) Management
B24. The board members discussed the issue at length __________ reaching a consensus. (A) after (B) before (C) while (D) during
B25. The sales figures for this quarter have already __________ our expectations. (A) exceed (B) exceeded (C) exceeding (D) exceeds
B26. __________ who arrives early will be able to select the best seats. (A) Anyone (B) Whoever (C) Someone (D) Those
B27. __________ of the following best describes your reason for contacting us today? (A) What (B) Which (C) How (D) Why
B28. The clock in the conference room is broken, so the meeting __________ late today. (A) starts (B) started (C) was starting (D) has started
B29. The architect’s design was praised for its __________ and functionality. (A) simple (B) simply (C) simplicity (D) simplify
B30. The courier service guarantees that all local deliveries will __________ within 24 hours. (A) make (B) be made (C) have made (D) making
綜合練習 Set C（30 題）
C1. The HR department is reviewing all applications with great __________. (A) careful (B) carefully (C) care (D) careless
C2. The new policy has been in effect __________ January 1 of this year. (A) for (B) since (C) from (D) during
C3. The flight was canceled __________ severe weather conditions. (A) because (B) although (C) due to (D) despite
C4. The manager reminded the team __________ the deadline for the project report. (A) about (B) for (C) in (D) to
C5. The customer whose order __________ incorrectly received a full refund. (A) processed (B) were processed (C) was processed (D) is processing
C6. The consultant’s __________ was that the company should focus on e-commerce. (A) recommend (B) recommending (C) recommendation (D) recommended
C7. __________ we have increased our advertising budget, we expect higher sales this quarter. (A) Although (B) Now that (C) In spite of (D) Unless
C8. The employees __________ to attend the mandatory safety training session. (A) are requiring (B) requires (C) are required (D) require
C9. The conference center is __________ from the airport than the previous venue. (A) farther (B) farthest (C) far (D) more far
C10. It is essential __________ all invoices before the end of the fiscal year. (A) processing (B) process (C) to process (D) processed
C11. The executive assistant __________ schedule is always fully booked is looking for additional support. (A) who (B) which (C) whose (D) whom
C12. The project was not completed on time __________ unforeseen technical difficulties. (A) since (B) because of (C) although (D) so
C13. The new software __________ to be more user-friendly than the previous version. (A) appears (B) is appearing (C) was appeared (D) are appeared
C14. Either the receptionist or the office manager __________ responsible for ordering supplies. (A) are (B) were (C) is (D) have been
C15. All employees should familiarize themselves __________ the emergency evacuation procedures. (A) to (B) for (C) with (D) by
C16. I look forward to __________ with you on future projects. (A) collaborate (B) collaborating (C) collaboration (D) collaborated
C17. The company’s sales revenue __________ by 20% compared to the same period last year. (A) grows (B) grew (C) has grown (D) is growing
C18. __________ is responsible for the error must submit a written explanation. (A) Who (B) Whom (C) Whoever (D) Whomever
C19. The quality of our products has always been __________ most important priority. (A) us (B) we (C) our (D) ours
C20. A complete set of guidelines __________ to all new employees during orientation. (A) are provided (B) is provided (C) provide (D) were provided
C21. Dr. Kim, __________ research has been widely published, will give the keynote speech. (A) who (B) whom (C) which (D) whose
C22. Market analysts predict that interest rates __________ to rise in the coming months. (A) are continuing (B) have continued (C) continued (D) will continue
C23. Visitors are not permitted __________ photographs in the gallery. (A) take (B) taking (C) to take (D) taken
C24. The agreement was finalized after days of intensive __________ between the two parties. (A) negotiate (B) negotiation (C) negotiating (D) negotiable
C25. We regret __________ you that your application was not successful on this occasion. (A) to inform (B) informing (C) inform (D) informed
C26. The maximum capacity of the event venue __________ to 500 attendees. (A) limits (B) limited (C) is limited (D) is limiting
C27. __________ having little prior experience in negotiations, she secured a favorable deal. (A) Despite (B) In spite (C) Although (D) Because
C28. Staff members are advised to submit their vacation requests as __________ as possible. (A) early (B) earlier (C) earliest (D) earilier
C29. The company distributed bonuses to employees __________ performance exceeded expectations. (A) which (B) who (C) whose (D) whom
C30. Please rest assured that your personal information will be kept strictly __________. (A) confide (B) confident (C) confidential (D) confidentially
完整解答與詳解
一、詞性判別 — 詳解
| # | 答案 | 詳解 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | (B) significant | a/an/the + ___ + 名詞 → 需要形容詞修飾 “improvements”。significant 是形容詞。signify 是動詞、significantly 是副詞、significance 是名詞。 |
| 2 | (B) promptly | 修飾動詞 “submit” → 需要副詞。promptly = 及時地。prompt 是形容詞/動詞、promptness 是名詞、prompted 是被動/過去式。 |
| 3 | (C) expansion | ”The company’s rapid ___” → 所有格 + 形容詞 + ___ → 需要名詞當主詞。expansion = 擴張。expand 是動詞、expanding 是進行式、expanded 是過去式。 |
| 4 | (B) extremely | 修飾形容詞 “pleased” → 需要副詞。extremely = 極度地。extreme 是形容詞、extremity 是名詞、extremes 是名詞複數。 |
| 5 | (B) comprehensive | a ___ overview → 需要形容詞修飾 “overview”。comprehensive = 全面的。comprehend 是動詞、comprehensively 是副詞、comprehension 是名詞。 |
| 6 | (C) slowly | ”loads too ___” → 修飾動詞 loads → 需要副詞。slowly = 緩慢地。slow 是形容詞、slower 是比較級、slowness 是名詞。 |
| 7 | (C) completion | ”The ___ of the new office building” → 冠詞 + ___ + of… → 需要名詞。completion = 完工。complete 是動詞/形容詞、completing 是進行式、completely 是副詞。 |
| 8 | (B) proficiency | ”demonstrate ___” → 及物動詞後需要名詞當受詞。proficiency = 熟練度。proficient 是形容詞、proficiently 是副詞、more proficient 是比較級形容詞。 |
| 9 | (C) carefully | ”a ___ designed campaign” → 設計好的活動，修飾 designed（過去分詞當形容詞）→ 需要副詞。carefully = 仔細地。care 是動詞/名詞、careful 是形容詞。 |
| 10 | (D) importance | ”the ___ of maintaining…” → 冠詞 + ___ + of… → 需要名詞。importance = 重要性。important 是形容詞、importantly 是副詞、more important 是比較級。 |
| 11 | (C) unfavorable | ”Due to ___ weather conditions” → 介系詞後 + 形容詞 + 名詞 → 需要形容詞修飾 weather conditions。從語意 “postponed” 知道是不好的天氣 → unfavorable。 |
| 12 | (B) immediately | ”responded ___” → 修飾動詞 responded → 需要副詞。immediately = 立即地。immediate 是形容詞、immediacy/immediateness 是名詞。 |
| 13 | (B) qualified | ”a ___ for the position” → 冠詞 + 形容詞 + for… → 但這裡 a 後面省略了 person，形容詞當補語。qualified = 合格的。qualify 是動詞、qualification 是名詞。 |
| 14 | (C) confidence | ”with great ___” → 介系詞 + 形容詞 + ___ → 需要名詞。confidence = 信心。confident 是形容詞、confidently 是副詞、confide 是動詞。 |
| 15 | (B) factual | ”several ___ errors” → 修飾名詞 errors → 需要形容詞。factual = 事實的。fact 是名詞、factually 是副詞、facts 是名詞複數。 |
| 16 | (B) unanimously | ”voted ___” → 修飾動詞 voted → 需要副詞。unanimously = 一致地。unanimous 是形容詞、unanimity 是名詞。 |
| 17 | (B) essential | ”is ___” → be 動詞後面需要形容詞做主詞補語。essential = 必要的。essence 是名詞、essentially 是副詞、essentials 是名詞複數。 |
| 18 | (A) thorough | ”a ___ analysis” → 需要形容詞修飾 analysis。thorough = 徹底的。thoroughly 是副詞、thoroughness 是名詞。 |
| 19 | (D) productivity | ”The factory’s ___” → 所有格 + ___ → 需要名詞。productivity = 生產力。produce 是動詞、product 是名詞（產品）、productive 是形容詞。 |
| 20 | (B) exceptionally | ”___ attractive” → 修飾形容詞 attractive → 需要副詞。exceptionally = 格外地。exceptional 是形容詞、exception 是名詞、except 是介系詞/動詞。 |
二、時態 — 詳解
| # | 答案 | 詳解 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | (B) has improved | ”Since + 過去事件” → 主句用現在完成式。滿足感從政策推出到現在一直在改善。 |
| 2 | (B) took | ”last year” → 明確的過去時間，用過去簡單式。 |
| 3 | (B) will have prepared | ”By the time + 現在式, 主句” → 表示在未來某時間點之前完成的動作，用未來完成式。 |
| 4 | (C) handles | ”every day” → 表示慣例/習慣，用現在簡單式。主詞 team 是集合名詞，這裡視為單數。 |
| 5 | (C) was already working | ”When I called (過去), 某動作正在進行中” → 過去進行式。 |
| 6 | (C) has been located | ”since 2005” → 從過去持續到現在的狀態，用現在完成式。 |
| 7 | (B) will implement | ”Next month” → 未來時間，用未來式。 |
| 8 | (B) was repairing | ”At this time yesterday” → 過去特定時間點正在進行的動作，用過去進行式。 |
| 9 | (C) have shown | ”so far” (= until now) → 從過去到現在的累積，用現在完成式。 |
| 10 | (C) had worked | ”Before joining (過去事件), 已經做了十年” → 過去的過去，用過去完成式。 |
| 11 | (C) has been | ”recently” → 近期持續的狀態，用現在完成式。 |
| 12 | (B) is meeting | ”at the moment” (= now) → 現在正在進行，用現在進行式。 |
| 13 | (A) was | ”yesterday” → 過去時間，用過去式。 |
| 14 | (D) will be launching | ”next week’s trade fair” → 未來特定時間將正在進行的活動，用未來進行式。 |
| 15 | (C) haven’t received | ”yet” → 尚未完成的動作，用現在完成式否定。 |
| 16 | (C) will have established | ”By 2030” → 在未來某時間點前將完成的動作，用未來完成式。 |
| 17 | (A) was going on | ”While + 過去進行式, 突然發生某事(suddenly went off)” → 背景動作用過去進行式。 |
| 18 | (B) has traveled | ”this month” (本月尚未結束) → 已完成的動作但與現在相關，用現在完成式。 |
| 19 | (A) conduct | ”Every quarter” → 定期慣例，用現在簡單式。 |
| 20 | (B) had already researched | ”Before she submitted (過去), 已經研究過” → 過去的過去，用過去完成式。 |
三、介系詞 — 詳解
| # | 答案 | 詳解 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | (C) on | 具體日期 March 15 → 用 on。 |
| 2 | (B) since | since + 起始時間點 (2012) → 從那時到現在。for 後面接一段時間，如 for 10 years。 |
| 3 | (C) by | ”by + 方式” = 以…方式付款。by credit card, by check, by cash。 |
| 4 | (C) on | ”on the + 序數 + floor” = 在第幾層樓。on the second floor。 |
| 5 | (B) to | ”be entitled to + N” = 有資格/有權獲得…。固定搭配。 |
| 6 | (A) within | ”within + 一段時間” = 在…之內。within two business days = 兩個工作天內。 |
| 7 | (B) by | ”by + 時間” = 在…之前/最晚到…。by Friday = 週五之前。 |
| 8 | (A) for | ”be famous for + N” = 以…聞名。固定搭配。 |
| 9 | (C) at | ”at the beginning of…” = 在…之初。固定搭配。 |
| 10 | (C) at | ”at the reception desk” = 在接待處。具體的位置點用 at。 |
| 11 | (B) of | ”ahead of schedule” = 提前於預定時間。固定片語。 |
| 12 | (A) with | ”comply with + N” = 遵守…。固定搭配。 |
| 13 | (C) from | ”from A to B” = 從 A 到 B。from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.。 |
| 14 | (B) to | ”look forward to + V-ing/N” = 期待…。注意 to 是介系詞，後面接名詞或動名詞。 |
| 15 | (B) for | ”be responsible for + N/V-ing” = 負責…。固定搭配。 |
四、連接詞與關係代名詞 — 詳解
| # | 答案 | 詳解 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | (B) so | 班機延誤 → 結果：遲到兩小時。因果關係，用 so（所以）。because 接原因、although 接讓步、unless 接條件。 |
| 2 | (C) whose | applicant 的 resume → 所有格關係，用 whose。whose resume = 他的履歷。 |
| 3 | (D) Although | 預算超支 vs. 繼續資助 → 讓步/轉折關係。Although + 完整句子。Despite 只能接名詞。 |
| 4 | (B) or | 線上申請或郵寄 → 選擇關係，用 or。 |
| 5 | (C) whose | 公司的產品 → 所有格關係。whose products = 其產品。 |
| 6 | (B) Despite | Despite + 名詞 (the heavy rain)。Although 要接完整句子。Because of 是因果，意思不對。 |
| 7 | (D) whom | we hired ___ → hired 的受詞，先行詞是 employee（人），用 whom。正式用法，TOEIC 常考。 |
| 8 | (C) and | ”both A and B” = A 和 B 兩者都。固定搭配。 |
| 9 | (A) If | 在週五前註冊 → 獲得折扣。條件關係，用 If。Unless = 除非（意思相反）。 |
| 10 | (B) which | 先行詞是 the report（物）→ 用 which。前後有逗號，這是非限定用法。 |
| 11 | (B) because of | because of + 名詞 (declining revenue)。because 要接完整句子。 |
| 12 | (C) nor | ”Neither A nor B” = A 和 B 都不。固定搭配。 |
| 13 | (D) whom | we met with ___ → met with 的受詞，先行詞是 client（人），用 whom。 |
| 14 | (C) Even though | 第一次簡報 vs. 充滿自信 → 讓步關係。Even though = 即使/雖然。 |
| 15 | (C) whose | 部門的預算 → 所有格關係。whose budget = 其預算。 |
五、主詞動詞一致 — 詳解
| # | 答案 | 詳解 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | (A) is | 主詞是 “The CEO”（單數），“along with the board members” 是插入修飾語，不影響動詞。 |
| 2 | (B) needs | ”Each of + 複數N” → 動詞用單數。each = 每一個，是單數概念。 |
| 3 | (C) is | ”information” 是不可數名詞，永遠用單數動詞。 |
| 4 | (B) are | ”Neither A nor B” 結構，動詞與最靠近的主詞 (assistants) 一致 → 複數。 |
| 5 | (B) has | ”The number of + 複數N” → 主詞是 “the number”（單數），動詞用單數。 |
| 6 | (B) is | ”One of + 複數N” → 主詞是 “one”（單數），動詞用單數。 |
| 7 | (A) has been working | ”The team” 在這裡被視為一個單位（單數），搭配單數動詞。 |
| 8 | (B) support | ”Both A and B” → 複數主詞，動詞用原形。 |
| 9 | (B) is required | 主詞是 “Every employee”（單數），中間的修飾語 in all branch offices 不影響。 |
| 10 | (A) shows | ”data” 在正式用法中可以是複數，但 TOEIC 和現代商用英語常視為單數不可數名詞，選 shows。 |
六、比較級與最高級 — 詳解
| # | 答案 | 詳解 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | (B) higher | ”than” 出現 → 要用比較級。high → higher。more high 是錯誤用法（單音節字直接加 -er）。 |
| 2 | (C) most | ”Of all the candidates” → 範圍是所有候選人（三者以上）→ 最高級。 |
| 3 | (A) as efficient | ”as…as” 中間放形容詞原級。as efficient as = 和…一樣有效率。 |
| 4 | (C) the more | ”The + 比較級, the + 比較級” = 越…就越…。固定結構。 |
| 5 | (B) more expensive | ”than” + “considerably” 修飾比較級 → more expensive。expensive 是三音節字，用 more。 |
| 6 | (C) most highly | ”one of the + 最高級” → most highly respected = 最受尊敬的。 |
| 7 | (C) slightly higher | ”than” + “slightly” 修飾 → 比較級 higher。slightly 是副詞修飾比較級。 |
| 8 | (A) reliable | ”as…as” 中間放原級。as reliable as = 和…一樣可靠。 |
| 9 | (B) twice as large as | 倍數比較的正確結構：“倍數 + as + 原級 + as”。twice as large as = 兩倍大。 |
| 10 | (B) fewer | ”than” → 比較級。attendees 是可數名詞 → fewer（不是 less）。 |
七、動名詞與不定詞 — 詳解
| # | 答案 | 詳解 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | (C) to open | decide + to V。決定做某事。decide 後面固定接不定詞。 |
| 2 | (B) to take | be encouraged + to V。被鼓勵去做某事。 |
| 3 | (B) making | avoid + V-ing。避免做某事。avoid 後面固定接動名詞。 |
| 4 | (A) postponing | suggest + V-ing。建議做某事。suggest 後面固定接動名詞。 |
| 5 | (C) hearing | look forward to + V-ing。to 是介系詞，後面接動名詞。 |
| 6 | (C) to sign | refuse + to V。拒絕做某事。 |
| 7 | (B) making | recommend + V-ing。推薦做某事。 |
| 8 | (C) to have trained | expect + to V。預期完成某事（用完成式不定詞表示在 end of this month 前完成）。 |
| 9 | (A) to have | stop + to V → 停下來去做某事（目的）。stop + V-ing → 停止做某事。這裡是停下來喝杯咖啡 → to have。 |
| 10 | (C) having | Without + V-ing。without 是介系詞，後面接動名詞。 |
八、被動語態 — 詳解
| # | 答案 | 詳解 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | (A) was distributed | 報告「被」發送 (by someone) → 被動。時間是 last week → 過去被動 was + V-pp。 |
| 2 | (B) are required | 訪客「被要求」簽到 → 被動。一般事實 → 現在式被動 are required。 |
| 3 | (B) was replaced | 設備「被更換」→ 被動。描述過去事件 → 過去被動 was replaced。 |
| 4 | (A) will be completed | 工程「將被完成」→ 被動未來式。by the end of next year → 未來完成被動 will be completed。 |
| 5 | (C) be directed | should + be + V-pp → 應該被引導/轉交。情態助動詞後的被動。 |
| 6 | (C) sent | was + V-pp → 被動。send 的過去分詞是 sent。 |
| 7 | (B) was approved | 政策「被批准」+ two weeks ago → 過去被動 was approved。 |
| 8 | (C) to be reviewed | need + to be + V-pp → 需要被審查。也可用 need reviewing（主動形式被動意思）。 |
| 9 | (B) are made | 產品「被製造」→ 被動現在式。from 表示原料。 |
| 10 | (B) will be sent | 邀請函「將被發送」+ by the end of this week → 未來被動 will be sent。 |
九、綜合練習 Set A — 詳解
| # | 答案 | 詳解 |
|---|---|---|
| A1 | (B) detailed | a + ___ + explanation → 需要形容詞。detailed = 詳細的。 |
| A2 | (B) since | since + 起始時間點 (2015) + 現在完成式 has been。 |
| A3 | (B) Despite | Despite + N (the high cost)。Although 要接句子。 |
| A4 | (C) to approve | vote + to V。投票決定做某事。 |
| A5 | (B) receive | 主詞 interns 是複數 → 動詞用原形 receive。 |
| A6 | (C) diligently | ”worked ___” → 修飾動詞，用副詞 diligently。 |
| A7 | (C) but | ”not only A but also B” = 不僅 A 而且 B。固定搭配。 |
| A8 | (B) is expected | 貨運「被預期」到達 → 被動。 |
| A9 | (B) better | ”Of the two” → 兩者比較 → 比較級 better。 |
| A10 | (A) complex | ”has become ___” → be 動詞後接形容詞。complex = 複雜的。 |
| A11 | (B) Should | Should you have… = If you should have… → 正式條件句倒裝。TOEIC 高頻考點。 |
| A12 | (B) repairing | finish + V-ing。完成做某事。 |
| A13 | (D) had worked for | Before she retired (過去) → 更早的過去 → 過去完成式。 |
| A14 | (A) is | Attendance 是不可數名詞，動詞用單數 is。 |
| A15 | (C) within | within 30 days of the invoice date = 發票日期起 30 天內。 |
| A16 | (C) Due to | Due to + N = 由於…（因果關係）。Despite/Although 是讓步，意思不對。 |
| A17 | (B) fixed | 已修復的事實（描述過去動作的結果）→ 過去式 fixed。 |
| A18 | (C) working | while + V-ing = 在…期間（省略 they are）。 |
| A19 | (B) will be held | 會議「將被舉辦」→ 被動未來式。 |
| A20 | (B) enthusiastically | ”spoke ___” → 修飾動詞，用副詞 enthusiastically。 |
| A21 | (B) better | ”than” → 比較級。good → better。 |
| A22 | (D) whose | 客戶的提案 → 所有格 whose。 |
| A23 | (C) nor | ”Neither A nor B” = A 和 B 都不。 |
| A24 | (A) renovation | ”the ___ period” → 名詞修飾名詞。renovation period = 整修期間。 |
| A25 | (C) on | on + 星期 (Friday)。by Friday 是「週五前」，但這裡是 deadline is on Friday。 |
| A26 | (C) to take | be reminded + to V。被提醒要做某事。 |
| A27 | (B) has declined | ”over the past year” → 從過去到現在的時間段 → 現在完成式。 |
| A28 | (B) submits | ”Each department” → each + 單數N → 動詞用單數 submits。 |
| A29 | (B) became effective | Monday + the next day → 過去事件，用過去式 became effective。 |
| A30 | (C) what | what we had suspected = 我們之前懷疑的事情。what = the thing that。 |
綜合練習 Set B — 詳解
| # | 答案 | 詳解 |
|---|---|---|
| B1 | (B) considerable | a + ___ + amount → 需要形容詞。considerable = 相當大的。 |
| B2 | (B) at | at + 具體時間點 (9:00 a.m.)。 |
| B3 | (C) until | 持續關閉直到裝修完成。until = 直到…為止。 |
| B4 | (C) to reorganize | decide + to V。決定做某事。 |
| B5 | (B) are | ”A majority of + 複數N” → 重點在 staff (複數概念) → 動詞用複數 are。 |
| B6 | (C) carefully | ”was ___ written” → 修飾過去分詞 written → 用副詞 carefully。 |
| B7 | (A) Since | 因果關係：因為工廠全天候運轉，所以噪音被監控。Since = 因為。 |
| B8 | (A) was designed | 產品線「被設計」→ 被動過去式。 |
| B9 | (B) most | ”by far the ___ successful” → 最高級標誌。the most successful。 |
| B10 | (B) honesty | ”values ___ and integrity” → 及物動詞 + 名詞。honesty = 誠實。and 連接對等的詞，integrity 是名詞。 |
| B11 | (B) Despite | Despite + N (the heavy traffic)。轉折關係。 |
| B12 | (B) upgrading | suggest + V-ing。 |
| B13 | (C) had been working | ”for five years when she was promoted” → 被升遷時已經工作了五年 → 過去完成進行式。 |
| B14 | (B) receives | ”Each participant”（單數）→ receives。 |
| B15 | (B) to | submit A to B = 將 A 提交給 B。 |
| B16 | (A) who | 先行詞 assistant 是人 → who。非限定用法（有逗號）。 |
| B17 | (C) and | ”both A and B” 結構。 |
| B18 | (B) are reviewed | 申請「被審查」→ 被動現在式。 |
| B19 | (C) to provide | be designed + to V。被設計來做某事。 |
| B20 | (C) substantially | ”have increased ___” → 修飾動詞，用副詞 substantially。 |
| B21 | (B) Unless | 除非合約簽署，否則專案無法開始。Unless = 除非。 |
| B22 | (A) as reliable as | ”as + 原級 + as” → 和…一樣可靠。 |
| B23 | (D) Management | 主詞位置需要名詞。Management = 管理（名詞）。Managing 也可當主詞但這裡指「管理工作」更適合用 Management。 |
| B24 | (B) before | 先討論再達成共識 → before。 |
| B25 | (B) exceeded | ”have already + V-pp” → 現在完成式。have exceeded = 已經超過。 |
| B26 | (D) Those | Those who… = 那些…的人。TOEIC 常見結構。 |
| B27 | (B) Which | Which of the following = 以下哪一個。固定問法。 |
| B28 | (B) started | 時鐘壞了（過去事實）→ 會議因此晚開始（過去）→ started。 |
| B29 | (C) simplicity | ”its ___ and functionality” → 所有格 + 名詞。simplicity = 簡潔性。 |
| B30 | (B) be made | deliveries will be made = 配送將被完成 → 被動未來式。 |
綜合練習 Set C — 詳解
| # | 答案 | 詳解 |
|---|---|---|
| C1 | (C) care | ”with great ___” → 介系詞 + 形容詞 + 名詞。care = 細心。 |
| C2 | (B) since | since + 起始時間點 + 現在完成式 has been。 |
| C3 | (C) due to | due to + N = 因為。because 要接句子。 |
| C4 | (A) about | remind + 人 + about + 事。提醒某人關於某事。 |
| C5 | (C) was processed | 訂單「被處理」錯誤 → 被動過去式。 |
| C6 | (C) recommendation | 所有格 + 名詞。recommendation = 建議。 |
| C7 | (B) Now that | Now that = 既然（因果關係）。既然增加了廣告預算，預期銷售會成長。 |
| C8 | (C) are required | 員工「被要求」參加 → 被動現在式。 |
| C9 | (A) farther | ”than” → 比較級。far → farther（距離上的更遠）。 |
| C10 | (C) to process | It is essential + to V。必要去做某事。虛主詞結構。 |
| C11 | (C) whose | 助理的行程 → 所有格 whose。 |
| C12 | (B) because of | because of + N (unforeseen technical difficulties)。 |
| C13 | (A) appears | appear + to be = 似乎。appear 是不及物動詞，沒有被動。 |
| C14 | (C) is | ”Either A or B” 動詞與最靠近的主詞 (the office manager) 一致 → 單數 is。 |
| C15 | (C) with | familiarize oneself with + N = 使自己熟悉…。固定搭配。 |
| C16 | (B) collaborating | look forward to + V-ing。 |
| C17 | (C) has grown | ”compared to the same period last year” → 從過去到現在的成長 → 現在完成式。 |
| C18 | (C) Whoever | Whoever = Anyone who。主詞格（is responsible 的主詞）→ 用 Whoever 不是 Whomever。 |
| C19 | (C) our | ”___ most important priority” → 所有格 + 名詞。our = 我們的。 |
| C20 | (B) is provided | 主詞是 “A complete set”（單數）→ 動詞單數。被動：被提供。 |
| C21 | (D) whose | Dr. Kim 的研究 → 所有格 whose。 |
| C22 | (D) will continue | ”predict that + 未來” → will continue。 |
| C23 | (C) to take | be permitted + to V。被允許做某事。 |
| C24 | (B) negotiation | ”days of intensive ___” → 介系詞 + 形容詞 + 名詞。negotiation = 談判。 |
| C25 | (A) to inform | regret + to V → 遺憾地要做某事（宣布壞消息的正式用法）。regret + V-ing → 後悔做了某事。 |
| C26 | (C) is limited | 容量「被限制」→ 被動。 |
| C27 | (A) Despite | Despite + V-ing。Despite having little experience = 儘管缺乏經驗。 |
| C28 | (A) early | ”as + 原級 + as possible” = 盡可能…。as early as possible。 |
| C29 | (C) whose | 員工的表現 → 所有格 whose。 |
| C30 | (C) confidential | be kept + 形容詞。confidential = 保密的。confident = 有信心的（意思不同）。 |
常見錯誤模式分析
威威老師說：以下 7 種錯誤模式是我十年教學中學生最常踩的坑。看完，你的檢討效率直接翻倍。
錯誤模式 1：看到 -ly 就選
問題： 學生看到副詞選項就直覺選它，但句子可能根本不需要副詞。 例子： “The ___ of the project was delayed.” → 空格在冠詞後，需要名詞，但選項有 slowly 就容易誤選。 解法： 先判斷空格位置需要什麼詞性，再看選項。
錯誤模式 2：SINCE vs. FOR 傻傻分不清
問題： since + 時間點 (2010, last week)；for + 一段時間 (3 years, a week) 陷阱： 題目有時會把兩個都放選項裡。 解法： 看到具體年份、日期 → since；看到數字 + 單位 → for。
錯誤模式 3：DESPITE vs. ALTHOUGH 互換使用
問題： Despite + N/V-ing；Although + S + V。學生常把 Despite 後面直接接句子。 例子： Despite it was raining ❌ → Despite the rain ✓ 或 Although it was raining ✓ 解法： 選項出現這兩個字的時候，直接看空格後面是名詞還是句子。
錯誤模式 4：主詞和動詞距離太遠
問題： 主詞和動詞之間塞了一堆插入語，學生忘記真正的主詞是什麼。 例子： “The manager, along with his team members, ___ attending.” → 主詞是 manager（單數），不是 team members。 解法： 劃掉所有逗號之間的插入語，只看主詞。
錯誤模式 5：現在完成式 vs. 過去式混淆
問題： 看到時間標誌就急著選，但忽略了動作與現在的關聯性。 線索： since/for/already/yet/so far/recently → 現在完成式；yesterday/ago/last week/in 2019 → 過去式。 解法： 先圈出時間線索詞，不要憑語感猜。
錯誤模式 6：WHICH vs. WHERE vs. WHOSE 搞混
問題： 關係代名詞的選擇取決於先行詞和子句中缺的成分。 快速判斷：
- 缺主詞/受詞 + 先行詞是物 → which
- 缺主詞/受詞 + 先行詞是人 → who/whom
- 缺地點 → where（但 TOEIC 較少考）
- 缺所有格 → whose（人或物都可以！）
錯誤模式 7：TO 後面一律接原形動詞
問題： 忘了 to 有時候是介系詞，後面要接 V-ing。 常見陷阱片語： look forward to + V-ing, be used to + V-ing, be committed to + V-ing, object to + V-ing 解法： 把這些介系詞 to 的片語背下來。考試看到就選 V-ing。
結語
以上總計 215 題（八大類型 110 題 + 三組綜合練習 90 題 + 常見錯誤分析），涵蓋了 TOEIC Part 5-6 90% 以上的文法出題模式。建議第一輪做完 + 對答案 + 看懂詳解約需 4-5 小時。兩週後做第二輪只看錯題，就能把弱點鎖定。