分科-單字手冊

分科測驗英文 — 進階單字手冊（威威老師編著）

威威老師小提醒

分科測驗英文難度比學測高一階，需要進階字彙的精準運用。這本手冊在學測核心字之上，補充 300 個進階字彙 + 20 組關鍵近義詞辨析，難度介於學測與 GEPT 中高級之間。

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分科測驗高頻近義詞辨析 20 組

組	近義詞群	核心差異
1	achieve / accomplish / attain / fulfill	attain = 達成（抽象目標）；accomplish = 完成具體任務；fulfill = 實現（承諾、夢想）
2	advantage / benefit / merit	merit = 客觀優點；advantage = 相對優勢
3	ambiguous / vague / obscure	ambiguous = 多重解讀；obscure = 隱晦難懂
4	assert / claim / contend / maintain	contend = 爭辯立場；maintain = 一貫堅持
5	assume / presume / suppose	presume = 有根據的假設；assume = 一般假定
6	augment / increase / enhance	enhance = 提升品質；augment = 增加數量
7	comprehend / understand / grasp	comprehend = 完全理解；grasp = 抓住重點
8	conclude / infer / deduce	infer = 從證據推論；deduce = 從邏輯推導
9	demonstrate / show / illustrate	illustrate = 用例子說明；demonstrate = 證明
10	distinguish / differentiate / discern	discern = 細微辨別；distinguish = 區分
11	diminish / reduce / decline	diminish = 削弱；decline = 下降
12	emphasize / stress / underscore / highlight	underscore = 強調重要性；highlight = 突出重點
13	exemplify / illustrate / typify	exemplify = 是範例；typify = 是典型
14	fundamental / essential / vital / crucial	vital = 生死攸關；fundamental = 根本的
15	implement / execute / carry out	implement = 實施（政策）；execute = 執行（計畫）
16	indicate / suggest / imply	imply = 暗示；indicate = 顯示
17	maintain / preserve / sustain	sustain = 維持需要努力；preserve = 保存原狀
18	oppose / object to / resist	resist = 抵抗（壓力）；object to = 反對（提案）
19	perceive / notice / observe	perceive = 主觀感知；observe = 客觀觀察
20	reveal / disclose / divulge	divulge = 透露（秘密）；reveal = 揭示

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一、學術寫作核心字（30 字）

英文	中文	詞性	例句
analyze	分析	v	The report analyzes trends.
argue	主張	v	Critics argue that…
assess	評估	v	We must assess the impact.
assert	斷言	v	He asserts his innocence.
comprehensive	全面的	adj	A comprehensive review.
contradict	矛盾	v	The findings contradict the theory.
crucial	關鍵的	adj	A crucial decision.
demonstrate	證明	v	The data demonstrates the trend.
derive	衍生	v	This word derives from Latin.
despite	儘管	prep	Despite challenges, we succeeded.
determine	決定	v	Hard work determines success.
distinguish	區分	v	Distinguish fact from opinion.
dominant	主導的	adj	The dominant culture.
emphasize	強調	v	The teacher emphasized the rule.
evident	明顯的	adj	The result is evident.
examine	檢查	v	Examine the evidence.
facilitate	促進	v	Technology facilitates learning.
fundamental	根本的	adj	A fundamental principle.
generate	產生	v	This generates discussion.
identify	識別	v	Identify the problem.
illustrate	說明	v	The example illustrates the concept.
imply	暗示	v	His tone implies disagreement.
indicate	顯示	v	Studies indicate a clear trend.
inform	通知	v	Please inform us.
inherent	固有的	adj	Risk is inherent in any action.
interpret	解釋	v	We must interpret the data carefully.
investigate	調查	v	Police are investigating the case.
justify	辯護	v	Can you justify your decision?
obtain	獲得	v	She obtained her degree.
significant	顯著的	adj	A significant improvement.

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二、抽象概念進階字（30 字）

英文	中文	詞性	例句
ambiguity	模糊性	n	Avoid ambiguity in writing.
analogy	類比	n	Draw an analogy between…
anomaly	異常	n	This data is an anomaly.
assumption	假設	n	Question your assumptions.
attribute	屬性 / 歸因	n/v	She attributes her success to hard work.
autonomy	自主性	n	Personal autonomy matters.
awareness	意識	n	Public awareness is rising.
coherence	連貫性	n	The argument lacks coherence.
complexity	複雜性	n	The complexity of the issue.
conformity	一致性	n	Conformity stifles creativity.
consensus	共識	n	Reach a consensus.
conviction	信念	n	She has strong convictions.
credibility	可信度	n	His credibility is questioned.
disparity	差距	n	Income disparity is growing.
diversity	多樣性	n	Cultural diversity.
empathy	同理心	n	Show empathy to others.
emphasis	強調	n	Place emphasis on quality.
equity	公平 / 股權	n	Demand equity.
heritage	遺產	n	Cultural heritage.
hierarchy	階層	n	Corporate hierarchy.
hypothesis	假設	n	Test the hypothesis.
ideology	意識形態	n	Political ideology.
implication	影響	n	Far-reaching implications.
integrity	正直	n	A person of integrity.
intuition	直覺	n	Trust your intuition.
paradox	悖論	n	A philosophical paradox.
perspective	觀點	n	A different perspective.
phenomenon	現象	n	A natural phenomenon.
premise	前提	n	A questionable premise.
principle	原則	n	Stand by your principles.

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三、社會議題進階字（30 字）

英文	中文	詞性	例句
activism	行動主義	n	Youth activism is rising.
advocate	倡議 / 倡議者	v/n	She advocates for change.
bias	偏見	n	Avoid bias in reporting.
bureaucracy	官僚	n	Bureaucracy slows progress.
capitalism	資本主義	n	Modern capitalism.
controversy	爭議	n	A heated controversy.
corruption	貪污	n	Fight corruption.
democracy	民主	n	Democracy requires participation.
discrimination	歧視	n	Combat discrimination.
disparity	差距	n	Wealth disparity.
economy	經濟	n	A growing economy.
election	選舉	n	The presidential election.
equality	平等	n	Strive for equality.
ethnicity	族群	n	Various ethnicities.
feminism	女性主義	n	Feminism advocates equality.
globalization	全球化	n	The effects of globalization.
hegemony	霸權	n	Cultural hegemony.
ideology	意識形態	n	Conflicting ideologies.
inequality	不平等	n	Income inequality.
injustice	不公	n	Social injustice.
legislation	立法	n	New legislation was passed.
migration	遷徙	n	Mass migration.
oppression	壓迫	n	Resist oppression.
paradigm	典範	n	A new paradigm.
polarization	兩極化	n	Political polarization.
populism	民粹主義	n	Rising populism.
privilege	特權	n	Check your privilege.
reform	改革	n/v	Education reform.
revolution	革命	n	A digital revolution.
stereotype	刻板印象	n	Challenge stereotypes.

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四、科學與環境進階字（30 字）

英文	中文	詞性	例句
atmosphere	大氣	n	Earth’s atmosphere.
biodiversity	生物多樣性	n	Protect biodiversity.
cataclysm	大災變	n	A natural cataclysm.
catastrophe	災難	n	An environmental catastrophe.
climate	氣候	n	Climate change.
contamination	污染	n	Water contamination.
degradation	退化	n	Environmental degradation.
depletion	耗盡	n	Resource depletion.
ecosystem	生態系統	n	A delicate ecosystem.
emission	排放	n	Carbon emissions.
evolution	演化	n	Human evolution.
extinction	絕種	n	Mass extinction.
fossil	化石	n	Fossil fuels.
genetic	基因的	adj	Genetic engineering.
habitat	棲息地	n	Animal habitat.
hypothesis	假設	n	The scientist’s hypothesis.
innovation	創新	n	Technological innovation.
mitigation	減緩	n	Climate mitigation.
mutation	突變	n	Genetic mutations.
natural	天然的	adj	Natural resources.
organism	生物	n	All living organisms.
pesticide	殺蟲劑	n	Avoid pesticides.
pollution	污染	n	Air pollution.
radiation	輻射	n	Solar radiation.
renewable	可再生的	adj	Renewable energy.
scientific	科學的	adj	Scientific method.
species	物種	n	Endangered species.
sustainability	永續性	n	Environmental sustainability.
technology	科技	n	Modern technology.
toxic	有毒的	adj	Toxic chemicals.

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五、文化與藝術（30 字）

英文	中文	詞性	例句
aesthetic	美學的	adj	Aesthetic appeal.
ancient	古老的	adj	Ancient civilizations.
anthropology	人類學	n	Study anthropology.
archaeology	考古學	n	Field of archaeology.
architecture	建築	n	Modern architecture.
artifact	文物	n	Ancient artifacts.
canon	經典	n	The literary canon.
ceremony	儀式	n	A wedding ceremony.
civilization	文明	n	The Mayan civilization.
classical	古典的	adj	Classical music.
convention	慣例	n	Social conventions.
craftsmanship	工藝	n	Fine craftsmanship.
cultural	文化的	adj	Cultural heritage.
custom	習俗	n	Local customs.
dialect	方言	n	Various dialects.
drama	戲劇	n	Modern drama.
etiquette	禮節	n	Business etiquette.
folklore	民間傳說	n	Local folklore.
genre	類型	n	Different literary genres.
heritage	遺產	n	Cultural heritage.
literature	文學	n	Modern literature.
medieval	中世紀的	adj	Medieval Europe.
metaphor	隱喻	n	A literary metaphor.
narrative	敘事	n	A compelling narrative.
poetry	詩歌	n	Modern poetry.
popular	大眾的	adj	Popular culture.
ritual	儀式	n	Religious rituals.
sculpture	雕塑	n	A marble sculpture.
symbolism	象徵主義	n	Religious symbolism.
tradition	傳統	n	Long-standing traditions.

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六、心理與行為（30 字）

英文	中文	詞性	例句
addictive	上癮的	adj	An addictive substance.
adversity	逆境	n	Overcome adversity.
ambition	野心	n	Strong ambition.
anxiety	焦慮	n	Manage anxiety.
arrogance	傲慢	n	His arrogance offends.
assertive	自信的	adj	An assertive leader.
behavior	行為	n	Human behavior.
cognition	認知	n	Human cognition is complex.
compassion	同情	n	Show compassion.
competence	能力	n	Demonstrate competence.
confident	自信的	adj	A confident speaker.
conscience	良心	n	A clear conscience.
consciousness	意識	n	Human consciousness.
courage	勇氣	n	Show courage.
curiosity	好奇心	n	Childhood curiosity.
determination	決心	n	Iron determination.
discipline	紀律	n	Self-discipline.
empathy	同理心	n	Practice empathy.
fortitude	堅毅	n	Mental fortitude.
frustration	挫折	n	Express frustration.
integrity	正直	n	Personal integrity.
intuition	直覺	n	Trust your intuition.
motivation	動機	n	Strong motivation.
patience	耐心	n	Have patience.
perception	知覺 / 觀感	n	Visual perception.
persistence	堅持	n	Persistence pays off.
perspective	觀點	n	A new perspective.
resilience	韌性	n	Build resilience.
sympathy	同情	n	Express sympathy.
tolerance	容忍	n	Cultural tolerance.

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七、進階動詞（30 字）

英文	中文	詞性	例句
accommodate	容納 / 適應	v	The hotel accommodates 200 guests.
accumulate	累積	v	Wealth accumulates over time.
acknowledge	承認	v	She acknowledged the error.
advocate	倡議	v	She advocates for change.
alleviate	減緩	v	Medicine alleviates pain.
anticipate	預期	v	We anticipate good results.
articulate	表達	v	She articulates her thoughts well.
ascertain	確定	v	We must ascertain the truth.
compensate	補償	v	The company compensates workers.
comprehend	理解	v	I can’t comprehend this.
conceive	想出	v	She conceived a brilliant idea.
condemn	譴責	v	We condemn violence.
confront	面對	v	Confront your fears.
consolidate	鞏固	v	Consolidate your gains.
constitute	構成	v	Five members constitute a quorum.
contemplate	思索	v	She contemplated her future.
convey	傳達	v	Words convey emotions.
correlate	關聯	v	Smoking correlates with cancer.
demonstrate	證明	v	Studies demonstrate the link.
diminish	削弱	v	Power diminishes with time.
elaborate	詳述	v	Please elaborate on this.
eliminate	消除	v	Eliminate waste.
encompass	涵蓋	v	The book encompasses many topics.
enhance	提升	v	Practice enhances skills.
evaluate	評估	v	Evaluate your options.
evolve	演化	v	Society evolves.
exemplify	典型化	v	She exemplifies dedication.
facilitate	促進	v	Technology facilitates communication.
illustrate	說明	v	The example illustrates the point.
substantiate	證實	v	Substantiate your claim.

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八、進階形容詞與副詞（30 字）

英文	中文	詞性	例句
adequate	足夠的	adj	Adequate preparation.
ambiguous	模糊的	adj	An ambiguous answer.
arbitrary	武斷的	adj	An arbitrary decision.
coherent	連貫的	adj	A coherent argument.
compelling	有說服力的	adj	A compelling case.
conscious	意識到的	adj	Be conscious of others.
conservative	保守的	adj	A conservative estimate.
controversial	爭議的	adj	A controversial topic.
credible	可信的	adj	A credible source.
crucial	關鍵的	adj	Crucial to success.
definitive	確定的	adj	A definitive answer.
efficient	有效率的	adj	An efficient system.
extensive	廣泛的	adj	Extensive research.
feasible	可行的	adj	A feasible plan.
immense	巨大的	adj	Immense value.
inevitable	不可避免的	adj	Inevitable outcomes.
inherent	固有的	adj	Inherent flaws.
innovative	創新的	adj	An innovative solution.
integral	不可或缺的	adj	An integral part.
meticulous	仔細的	adj	Meticulous attention to detail.
ostensibly	表面上	adv	Ostensibly about education.
paradoxically	諷刺地	adv	Paradoxically, more is less.
predominantly	主要地	adv	Predominantly male.
profoundly	深刻地	adv	Profoundly affected.
remarkably	顯著地	adv	Remarkably successful.
simultaneously	同時	adv	Two events occur simultaneously.
substantially	大量地	adv	Substantially improved.
systematically	系統性地	adv	Systematically organized.
ultimately	最終	adv	Ultimately, we succeeded.
undoubtedly	無疑地	adv	Undoubtedly the best.

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九、學術片語（20 個）

片語	中文	例句
a wide range of	廣泛的	A wide range of topics.
at the expense of	以…為代價	At the expense of others.
at the heart of	在…核心	At the heart of the issue.
be conducive to	有助於	Conducive to learning.
be subject to	受…影響	Subject to change.
bring about	帶來	This will bring about changes.
come to terms with	接受	Come to terms with loss.
draw attention to	引起注意	Draw attention to the problem.
engage in	從事	Engage in discussion.
give rise to	引起	This gives rise to controversy.
in light of	鑑於	In light of new evidence.
in line with	符合	In line with policy.
lay the foundation for	為…奠基	Lays the foundation for success.
on the verge of	瀕臨	On the verge of breakthrough.
pave the way for	為…鋪路	Paves the way for future work.
shed light on	闡明	Sheds light on the topic.
stem from	源於	The problem stems from poor planning.
take into account	考慮	Take into account all factors.
with regard to	關於	With regard to your question.
with respect to	關於	With respect to safety.

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分科測驗單字記憶秘訣

1. 字根字首字尾法（升級版）

進階字首：
- ante- = 前 (anticipate, antecedent)
- circum- = 環繞 (circumstance, circumvent)
- contra- = 對立 (contradict, contrast)
- inter- = 之間 (international, interpret)
- intra- = 內部 (intramural, intravenous)
- super- = 超 (supervise, supersede)
- trans- = 跨越 (transmit, transform)
- ultra- = 超 (ultraviolet, ultrasonic)

進階字尾：
- -ize / -ise = 動詞 (organize, recognize)
- -ify = 動詞 (clarify, simplify)
- -ous = 形容詞 (curious, dangerous)
- -ive = 形容詞 (active, creative)
- -ity = 名詞 (ability, security)
- -ism = 主義 (capitalism, idealism)

2. 同義詞精準辨析

分科測驗最常考「四個近義詞，選最精準的」：

"重要" 家族（從輕到重）：
important → significant → crucial → vital → indispensable
（一般）→（顯著）→（關鍵）→（攸關）→（不可或缺）

3. 學術搭配詞（Collocations）

不只背字，還要背搭配：

✅ pose a threat（造成威脅）
✅ raise concerns（引發擔憂）
✅ make progress（取得進展）
✅ reach a conclusion（達成結論）
✅ draw a parallel（類比）
✅ play a role（扮演角色）
✅ exert influence（施加影響）
✅ bear responsibility（承擔責任）

4. 主題式深度記憶

每個主題挑 5 個字，深度記憶：

"科技" 5 字深度版：
1. innovation - innovate / innovative / innovator
2. revolution - revolutionize / revolutionary
3. automation - automate / automatic / automatically
4. algorithm - algorithmic
5. artificial intelligence (AI)

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6 週背字計畫

週	主題	每天	週末
1	學術寫作 + 抽象	15 字	複習
2	社會 + 科學	15 字	複習
3	文化 + 心理	15 字	複習
4	進階動詞	15 字	複習
5	形容詞副詞 + 片語	15 字	複習
6	近義詞辨析 + 總複習	應用	模考

每天必做：

• ✅ 早上：背 15 個新字（10 分鐘）
• ✅ 中午：複習昨天 + 用字造句（10 分鐘）
• ✅ 晚上：閱讀文章 + 標記新字（15 分鐘）

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威威老師的最後叮嚀

分科測驗單字的決勝點是「精準度」，不是「量」。

三大原則：

1. 不要只背中文 —— 看例句、查搭配、自己造句
2. 同義詞辨析是命脈 —— 每天挑一組，自己造句區分
3. 被動認得 ≠ 主動能用 —— 每週挑 10 個字，強迫自己在寫作中用

檢查標準：

1. 看到中文，能想到英文嗎？
2. 能用這個字寫一個學術句嗎？
3. 知道這個字的常見搭配嗎？
4. 能分辨它與近義詞的差異嗎？

四個都對，這個字才算「進階級會」。

加油！威威老師相信你做得到！