威威老師的句子工廠:我有什麼?——have/has 句型 (Have / Has)
同學,歡迎來到威威老師的句子工廠!今天我們要學一個超實用的句型——「我有……」。
在學這課之前,你已經學會了 be 動詞(am / is / are),可以說「我是學生」「他是老師」。 但是,如果你想說「我有一本書」「她有一隻貓」呢?這時候就要用到 have / has 囉!
課前小測驗:複習一下 be 動詞!
先來暖身,把上一課的 be 動詞複習一下:
題目 1: I ___ a student.(我是一個學生。) 題目 2: She ___ my teacher.(她是我的老師。) 題目 3: They ___ happy.(他們很快樂。)
點我看答案
- I am a student.
- She is my teacher.
- They are happy.
都答對了嗎?太棒了!那我們開始今天的課程吧!
第一單元:have 和 has 是什麼? (What are have/has?)
意思:「有」、「擁有」
have 和 has 的意思都是「有」或「擁有」。
它們是同一個字,只是長得不太一樣——就像 be 動詞有 am / is / ar 一樣,have 也有兩種形式。
規則:什麼時候用 have?什麼時候用 has?
| 主詞 (Subject) | 用哪個? | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| I(我) | have | I have a book. |
| You(你 / 妳) | have | You have a pen. |
| We(我們) | have | We have a car. |
| They(他 / 她們) | have | They have dogs. |
| He(他) | has | He has a cat. |
| She(她) | has | She has a phone. |
| It(牠 / 它) | has | It has a tail. |
記憶口訣
have 配 I / You / We / They,has 只給 He / She / It
用中文記:「我你我們他們用 have,他她它用 has」
簡單來說:單數第三人稱(he / she / it)用 has,其他都用 have。
比較表:be 動詞 vs. have/has
| 主詞 | be 動詞 | have/has | 比較例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | am | have | I am happy. / I have a book. |
| You | are | have | You are kind. / You have a pen. |
| He | is | has | He is tall. / He has a dog. |
| She | is | has | She is nice. / She has a cat. |
| It | is | has | It is cute. / It has a tail. |
| We | are | have | We are friends. / We have bikes. |
| They | are | have | They are students. / They have bags. |
小提醒
be 動詞和 have/has 是不同家族的!
- be 動詞:am / is / are → 說「是什麼」
- have / has → 說「有什麼」 它們不會出現在同一個簡單句子裡面喔!
第二單元:肯定句——我有…… (Positive Sentences)
現在來看看怎麼用 have / has 造肯定句!
句型公式
主詞 + have / has + 物品
就這麼簡單!
例句大集合
| # | 英文句子 | 中文翻譯 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | I have a book. | 我有一本書。 |
| 2 | I have a phone. | 我有一支手機。 |
| 3 | You have a pen. | 你有一支筆。 |
| 4 | You have a nice bag. | 你有一個好看的包包。 |
| 5 | He has a dog. | 他有一隻狗。 |
| 6 | He has a bike. | 他有一台腳踏車。 |
| 7 | She has a cat. | 她有一隻貓。 |
| 8 | She has a computer. | 她有一台電腦。 |
| 9 | It has a long tail. | 牠有一條長尾巴。 |
| 10 | It has big eyes. | 牠有大大的眼睛。 |
| 11 | We have three cars. | 我們有三輛車。 |
| 12 | They have two dogs. | 牠們/他們有兩隻狗。 |
同學,注意看!
你有没有發現:
- a book(一本書)→ 用 a
- a pen(一支筆)→ 用 a
- three cars(三輛車)→ 數量超過一,名詞加 s
這些我們後面會再詳細說明!
第三單元:否定句——我沒有…… (Negative Sentences)
要說「我沒有……」,需要請兩個小幫手來幫忙:don’t 和 doesn’t。
don’t 和 doesn’t 是什麼?
| 縮寫 | 完整寫法 | 意思 | 搭配主詞 |
|---|---|---|---|
| don’t | do not | 不 | I / You / We / They |
| doesn’t | does not | 不 | He / She / It |
句型公式
主詞 + don’t / doesn’t + have + 物品
重要規則
不管主詞是什麼,否定句裡一律用 have,不用 has!
| 主詞 | 正確 | 錯誤 |
|---|---|---|
| I | I don’t have | |
| He | He doesn’t have | |
| She | She doesn’t have |
否定句例句
| # | 英文句子 | 中文翻譯 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | I don’t have a book. | 我沒有書。 |
| 2 | I don’t have a phone. | 我沒有手機。 |
| 3 | You don’t have a pen. | 你沒有筆。 |
| 4 | He doesn’t have a dog. | 他沒有狗。 |
| 5 | She doesn’t have a cat. | 她沒有貓。 |
| 6 | It doesn’t have a tail. | 牠沒有尾巴。 |
| 7 | We don’t have a car. | 我們沒有車。 |
| 8 | They don’t have money. | 他們沒有錢。 |
同學,這樣想就對了!
肯定句:She has a cat. → 她有一隻貓。 否定句:She doesn’t have a cat. → 她沒有貓。
看到差別了嗎?
- 肯定句用 has
- 否定句用 doesn’t have(has 變回 have)
常見錯誤警告
❌ She doesn’t has a cat. (大錯特錯!doesn’t 後面一律用原形 have) ✅ She doesn’t have a cat. (正確!)
第四單元:常見物品單字 (20 Object Words)
同學,要說「我有什麼」,你得先會那些東西的英文啊!這裡幫你整理 20 個超常用物品單字:
| # | 英文 | 中文 | 簡單例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | book | 書 | I have a book.(我有一本書。) |
| 2 | pen | 原子筆 | You have a pen.(你有一支筆。) |
| 3 | pencil | 鉛筆 | He has a pencil.(他有一支鉛筆。) |
| 4 | bag | 書包、包包 | She has a bag.(她有一個包包。) |
| 5 | phone | 手機 | I have a phone.(我有一支手機。) |
| 6 | computer | 電腦 | We have a computer.(我們有一台電腦。) |
| 7 | dog | 狗 | He has a dog.(他有一隻狗。) |
| 8 | cat | 貓 | She has a cat.(她有一隻貓。) |
| 9 | car | 汽車 | They have a car.(他們有一輛車。) |
| 10 | bike | 腳踏車 | I have a bike.(我有一台腳踏車。) |
| 11 | key | 鑰匙 | You have a key.(你有一把鑰匙。) |
| 12 | wallet | 錢包 | He has a wallet.(他有一個錢包。) |
| 13 | umbrella | 雨傘 | She has an umbrella.(她有一把雨傘。) |
| 14 | watch | 手錶 | I have a watch.(我有一支手錶。) |
| 15 | glasses | 眼鏡 | He has glasses.(他戴眼鏡。) |
| 16 | shirt | 襯衫、上衣 | She has a new shirt.(她有一件新上衣。) |
| 17 | shoes | 鞋子 | I have new shoes.(我有新鞋子。) |
| 18 | hat | 帽子 | You have a hat.(你有一頂帽子。) |
| 19 | cup | 杯子 | We have a cup.(我們有一個杯子。) |
| 20 | bottle | 瓶子、水壺 | They have a bottle.(他們有一個水壺。) |
記憶小技巧
- book / look / cook 都有 “ook”,好記吧?
- pen / pencil 都是筆,pen 是原子筆,pencil 是鉛筆
- phone 就是「手機」,手機的英文就是 phone
- dog 狗、cat 貓,這兩個應該大家都認識
- car 車、bike 腳踏車,bike 也可以說 bicycle
第五單元:數量表達 (Expressing Quantity)
同學,你可能不只擁有「一個」東西吧?那要怎麼說「我有兩本書」「她有很多錢」呢?
基本 a / an(一個)
| 規則 | 用法 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 子音開頭的單字 | 用 a | a book, a pen, a dog |
| 母音開頭的單字 | 用 an | an umbrella, an apple |
什麼是母音開頭?就是單字第一個字母是 a, e, i, o, u 的!
數量詞總整理
| 數量詞 | 中文意思 | 用法 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| a / an | 一個 | 單數名詞前面 | I have a book. |
| 數字 + 複數 | 兩個/三個… | 數字 + 名詞加 s | I have two books. |
| some | 一些 | 複數或不可數名詞 | I have some money. |
| many | 很多(可數) | 複數名詞 | I have many books. |
| a lot of | 很多 | 複數或不可數名詞 | She has a lot of friends. |
數量表達例句
| # | 英文句子 | 中文翻譯 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | I have a book. | 我有一本書。 |
| 2 | I have two books. | 我有兩本書。 |
| 3 | She has three cats. | 她有三隻貓。 |
| 4 | He has some money. | 他有一些錢。 |
| 5 | They have many friends. | 他們有很多朋友。 |
| 6 | We have a lot of books. | 我們有很多書。 |
| 7 | I don’t have many pens. | 我沒有很多筆。 |
| 8 | She doesn’t have a lot of time. | 她沒有很多時間。 |
可數 vs. 不可數——簡單說一下
| 類型 | 什麼意思 | 可以數嗎? | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 可數名詞 (Countable) | 可以一個一個數的東西 | 可以 | book → books, cat → cats |
| 不可數名詞 (Uncountable) | 沒辦法數的東西 | 不行 | money, water, time, rice |
小提醒
- many 搭配可數名詞(many books, many friends)
- a lot of 兩種都可以(a lot of books, a lot of money)
- some 也是兩種都可以(some books, some money)
綜合練習:25 題大挑戰!
同學,學了這麼多,來測試一下吧!寫完再對答案喔!
Part 1:選擇 have 或 has(共 6 題)
1. I ___ a new phone. (A) have (B) has
2. She ___ a cute dog. (A) have (B) has
3. They ___ two bikes. (A) have (B) has
4. He ___ a big bag. (A) have (B) has
5. We ___ an English class today. (A) have (B) has
6. It ___ a long tail. (A) have (B) has
Part 2:把肯定句改成否定句(共 5 題)
7. I have a car. → _________________________
8. She has a cat. → _________________________
9. He has a computer. → _________________________
10. They have a dog. → _________________________
11. We have an umbrella. → _________________________
Part 3:填入正確的物品單字(共 5 題)
從下列單字中選擇:book / pen / phone / dog / key
12. I use a ___ to write.(我用來寫字的東西。)
13. I read a ___ every day.(我每天讀的東西。)
14. I call my friend with my ___.(我用來打給朋友的東西。)
15. It can bark. It is a .(牠會叫。牠是。)
16. You use it to open a door. It is a ___.(你用來開門的東西。)
Part 4:中翻英(共 5 題)
17. 我有一支手機。 → _________________________
18. 她有一隻貓。 → _________________________
19. 他沒有書。 → _________________________
20. 他們有兩輛車。 → _________________________
21. 我們沒有很多錢。 → _________________________
Part 5:找出錯誤並改正(共 4 題)
22. She have a book. → 哪裡錯?改正:_________________________
23. He don’t have a pen. → 哪裡錯?改正:_________________________
24. I has a dog. → 哪裡錯?改正:_________________________
25. They doesn’t have a car. → 哪裡錯?改正:_________________________
威威解析——詳細解答
Part 1:選擇 have 或 has
第 1 題:(A) have
I 是第一人稱,搭配 have。 正確句子:I have a new phone.(我有一支新電話。)
第 2 題:(B) has
She 是第三人稱單數(他她它),搭配 has。 正確句子:She has a cute dog.(她有一隻可愛的狗。)
第 3 題:(A) have
They 是複數,搭配 have。 正確句子:They have two bikes.(他們有兩台腳踏車。)
第 4 題:(B) has
He 是第三人稱單數,搭配 has。 正確句子:He has a big bag.(他有一個大包包。)
第 5 題:(A) have
We 是第一人稱複數,搭配 have。 正確句子:We have an English class today.(我們今天有一堂英文課。)
第 6 題:(B) has
It 是第三人稱單數,搭配 has。 正確句子:It has a long tail.(牠有一條長尾巴。)
做題技巧
看到主詞,先判斷是不是 He / She / It:
- 是 → 用 has
- 不是(I / You / We / They)→ 用 have
Part 2:肯定句改否定句
第 7 題:I don’t have a car.
主詞是 I,用 don’t。 原句:I have a car. → 否定:I don’t have a car.
第 8 題:She doesn’t have a cat.
主詞是 She,用 doesn’t。 注意:has 要變回 have! 原句:She has a cat. → 否定:She doesn’t have a cat.
第 9 題:He doesn’t have a computer.
主詞是 He,用 doesn’t。 has → have。 原句:He has a computer. → 否定:He doesn’t have a computer.
第 10 題:They don’t have a dog.
主詞是 They,用 don’t。 原句:They have a dog. → 否定:They don’t have a dog.
第 11 題:We don’t have an umbrella.
主詞是 We,用 don’t。 原句:We have an umbrella. → 否定:We don’t have an umbrella.
最重要的規則
否定句中,不管主詞是誰,一律用 have,不會用 has!
- ❌ She doesn’t has…
- ✅ She doesn’t have…
Part 3:填入正確的物品單字
第 12 題:pen
用來寫字的是筆(pen)。 I use a pen to write.
第 13 題:book
每天讀的是書(book)。 I read a book every day.
第 14 題:phone
用來打給朋友的是手機(phone)。 I call my friend with my phone.
第 15 題:dog
會叫的動物是狗(dog)。 It can bark. It is a dog.
第 16 題:key
用來開門的是鑰匙(key)。 You use it to open a door. It is a key.
Part 4:中翻英
第 17 題:I have a phone.
我 = I,有 = have,一支手機 = a phone。 組合:I have a phone.
第 18 題:She has a cat.
她 = She,有 = has(注意 She 搭配 has),一隻貓 = a cat。 組合:She has a cat.
第 19 題:He doesn’t have a book.
他 = He,沒有 = doesn’t have,書 = a book。 組合:He doesn’t have a book. 或:He does not have a book.
第 20 題:They have two cars.
他們 = They,有 = have,兩輛車 = two cars(car 要加 s)。 組合:They have two cars.
第 21 題:We don’t have a lot of money.
我們 = We,沒有 = don’t have,很多錢 = a lot of money。 組合:We don’t have a lot of money. 或:We don’t have much money.
Part 5:找出錯誤並改正
第 22 題:
錯誤:She have a book. 問題:She 是第三人稱單數,應該用 has,不是 have。 改正:She has a book.
第 23 題:
錯誤:He don’t have a pen. 問題:He 是第三人稱單數,否定要用 doesn’t,不是 don’t。 改正:He doesn’t have a pen.
第 24 題:
錯誤:I has a dog. 問題:I 搭配 have,不是 has。只有 He/She/It 才用 has。 改正:I have a dog.
第 25 題:
錯誤:They doesn’t have a car. 問題:They 是複數,否定要用 don’t,不是 doesn’t。doesn’t 只搭配 He/She/It。 改正:They don’t have a car.
找錯小技巧
看到主詞和動詞,先問自己:
- 主詞是 I/You/We/They 還是 He/She/It?
- 如果是 He/She/It:肯定句用 has,否定句用 doesn’t have
- 如果是 I/You/We/They:肯定句用 have,否定句用 don’t have
總整理:have/has 超級總表
| 句型 | I / You / We / They | He / She / It |
|---|---|---|
| 肯定句 | I have a book. | He has a book. |
| 否定句 | I don’t have a book. | He doesn’t have a book. |
就這兩個句型,記住就贏了!
複習計畫 (Review Schedule)
- 今天:寫完所有練習題,對答案,把錯的題目用螢光筆標起來
- 明天:重新寫一次錯的題目,看看能不能全對
- 三天後:蓋住答案,全部重寫一次
- 一週後:快速複習這一課的總整理表格
學習科學小知識 (Learning Science Tip):間隔重複 (Spaced Repetition) 研究顯示,與其一次狂讀兩小時,不如分成多個短時間來複習。每次複習的間隔拉長(1天 → 3天 → 7天),大腦的記憶會更牢固。這叫「間隔重複」,是記憶力之神!
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