威威老師的問答教室:基礎疑問句 (Basic Questions)

同學,恭喜你來到這一課!到目前為止,你已經學會了說「我是……」「我有……」「我做……」。

但是,在真實的對話裡,你不會一直只說自己的事吧?你一定會想要問問題——「你是誰?」「你有沒有手機?」「你住哪裡?」

這一課,我們要學怎麼用英文問問題!


課前小測驗:複習動詞形式!

題目 1: She ___ (eat) breakfast at 7 every morning.(她每天早上七點吃早餐。)

題目 2: He ___ (not / watch) TV on weekdays.(他平日不看電視。)請寫否定句。

題目 3: My brother ___ (study) math every night.(我弟弟每天晚上讀數學。)

點我看答案
  1. She eats breakfast at 7 every morning.(She 是三單現,eat 加 s)
  2. He doesn’t watch TV on weekdays.(否定句用 doesn’t + 原形 watch)
  3. My brother studies math every night.(My brother = he,三單現,study 去 y 加 ies)

都答對了嗎?很好,那我們開始吧!


第一單元:為什麼要學疑問句? (Why Questions?)

問問題比回答更重要

想想看你的日常生活:

情境你會說的話類型
想知道別人的名字「你叫什麼名字?」問句
想知道別人有什麼「你有手機嗎?」問句
想知道時間「現在幾點?」問句
想知道地點「廁所在哪裡?」問句

你看,生活中你問的問題可能比你說的句子還多!

好消息:英文問句有固定公式

英文問句其實不像你想的那麼難,因為它們都有固定公式! 就像數學一樣,把公式記住,套進去就好了。

接下來我們會學兩大類問句:

  1. Yes / No 疑問句——可以用「是/不是」回答的問句
  2. Wh- 疑問句——用 What, Who, Where 等開頭的問句

第二單元:Yes / No 疑問句 (Yes/No Questions)

什麼是 Yes/No 疑問句?

這種問句的答案只有兩種:Yes(是)No(不是)

例如:

  • 你是學生嗎?→ 是 / 不是
  • 你有手機嗎?→ 有 / 沒有
  • 你吃飯了嗎?→ 吃了 / 沒吃

2-1:be 動詞的 Yes/No 疑問句

公式:把 be 動詞移到最前面!

肯定句疑問句回答
You are happy.Are you happy?Yes, I am. / No, I am not.
He is a student.Is he a student?Yes, he is. / No, he is not.
They are friends.Are they friends?Yes, they are. / No, they are not.

是不是很簡單?就把 be 動詞搬到主詞前面就好了!

2-2:have/has 的 Yes/No 疑問句

公式:在前面加上 Do / Does!

主詞類型疑問句公式例句
I / You / We / TheyDo + 主詞 + have…?Do you have a phone?
He / She / ItDoes + 主詞 + have…?Does she have a cat?
肯定句疑問句回答
I have a book.Do you have a book?Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
She has a cat.Does she have a cat?Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.
They have a car.Do they have a car?Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.

注意!

Does she have a cat?(不是 Does she has… 喔!) 問句裡的動詞一律用原形,跟否定句一樣!

2-3:一般動詞的 Yes/No 疑問句

公式:在前面加上 Do / Does!(跟 have/has 一樣!)

主詞類型疑問句公式例句
I / You / We / TheyDo + 主詞 + 原形動詞…?Do you eat rice?
He / She / ItDoes + 主詞 + 原形動詞…?Does he play tennis?
肯定句疑問句回答
You eat rice.Do you eat rice?Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
She eats rice.Does she eat rice?Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.
He plays tennis.Does he play tennis?Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
They study English.Do they study English?Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.

超級大表格:三種 Yes/No 問句公式

動詞類型肯定句疑問句公式例句
be 動詞You are happy.Be 動詞 + 主詞 …?Are you happy?
have / hasShe has a cat.Do/Does + 主詞 + have …?Does she have a cat?
一般動詞He eats rice.Do/Does + 主詞 + 原形 …?Does he eat rice?

簡答回答方式

問句類型肯定簡答否定簡答
Are you…?Yes, I am.No, I am not.
Is he…?Yes, he is.No, he is not.
Are they…?Yes, they are.No, they are not.
Do you…?Yes, I do.No, I don’t.
Does she…?Yes, she does.No, she doesn’t.
Do they…?Yes, they do.No, they don’t.

口訣

be 動詞的問句用 be 動詞回答;Do/Does 的問句用 do/does 回答。

  • Are you happy? → Yes, I am.(不是 Yes, I do.)
  • Do you eat rice? → Yes, I do.(不是 Yes, I am.)

第三單元:Wh- 疑問句 (Wh- Questions)

什麼是 Wh- 疑問句?

Wh- 疑問句是用 What, Who, Where, When, Why, How 等字開頭的問句。 這些字大部分拼法裡都有 wh(除了 How),所以叫 Wh- 疑問句。

不能用 Yes 或 No 回答,要給具體的答案!


3-1:What(什麼)——問「東西」

項目內容
中文意思什麼
公式What + be 動詞 / Do/Does + 主詞 + 動詞…?

5 個例句:

#英文問句中文翻譯可能的回答
1What is this?這是什麼?It is a book.
2What is your name?你叫什麼名字?My name is Tom.
3What do you eat?你吃什麼?I eat rice.
4What does she have?她有什麼?She has a phone.
5What do they study?他們學什麼?They study English.

3-2:Who(誰)——問「人」

項目內容
中文意思
公式Who + be 動詞 / Do/Does + 主詞 + 動詞…?

5 個例句:

#英文問句中文翻譯可能的回答
1Who is she?她是誰?She is my teacher.
2Who is that man?那個男人是誰?He is my father.
3Who do you like?你喜歡誰?I like my mom.
4Who does he play with?他跟誰一起玩?He plays with his friends.
5Who are they?他們是誰?They are my classmates.

3-3:Where(哪裡)——問「地點」

項目內容
中文意思哪裡
公式Where + be 動詞 / Do/Does + 主詞 + 動詞…?

5 個例句:

#英文問句中文翻譯可能的回答
1Where are you?你在哪裡?I am at home.
2Where is she?她在哪裡?She is at school.
3Where do you live?你住哪裡?I live in Taipei.
4Where does he work?他在哪裡工作?He works in a hospital.
5Where do they eat?他們在哪裡吃飯?They eat at home.

3-4:When(什麼時候)——問「時間」

項目內容
中文意思什麼時候
公式When + be 動詞 / Do/Does + 主詞 + 動詞…?

5 個例句:

#英文問句中文翻譯可能的回答
1When is the exam?考試是什麼時候?It is on Monday.
2When is your birthday?你的生日是什麼時候?It is in June.
3When do you eat breakfast?你什麼時候吃早餐?I eat breakfast at 7.
4When does she go to school?她什麼時候去學校?She goes to school at 8.
5When do they sleep?他們什麼時候睡覺?They sleep at 10.

3-5:How(怎樣)——問「方式、狀態」

項目內容
中文意思怎樣、如何
公式How + be 動詞 / Do/Does + 主詞 + 動詞…?

5 個例句:

#英文問句中文翻譯可能的回答
1How are you?你好嗎?I am fine.
2How is the weather?天氣怎樣?It is sunny.
3How do you go to school?你怎麼去學校?I go to school by bus.
4How does she cook?她怎麼煮飯?She cooks well.
5How do they study?他們怎麼讀書?They study together.

Wh- 家族總整理表

Wh- 字中文問什麼例句
What什麼東西、事物What is this?
WhoWho is she?
Where哪裡地點Where do you live?
When什麼時候時間When is the exam?
How怎樣方式、狀態How are you?

第四單元:疑問句公式總整理

超級總表

問句類型公式例句
be 動詞 Yes/NoBe 動詞 + 主詞 …?Are you happy?
一般動詞 Yes/NoDo/Does + 主詞 + 原形 …?Do you eat rice?
Wh- + be 動詞Wh- + be 動詞 + 主詞 …?Where are you?
Wh- + 一般動詞Wh- + Do/Does + 主詞 + 原形 …?Where do you live?

口訣

「be 動詞往前搬,Do/Does 站前面,Wh- 開頭接著問」

解釋一下:

  • be 動詞往前搬:Are you happy?(are 往前搬)
  • Do/Does 站前面:Do you eat rice?(Do 站到最前面)
  • Wh- 開頭接著問:What do you eat?(What 開頭,接著跟一般問句一樣)

第五單元:生活對話練習 (Daily Dialogues)

同學,來看看真實對話怎麼用這些問句吧!

對話一:自我介紹

A: Hi! What is your name? (嗨!你叫什麼名字?)

B: My name is Tom. And you? (我叫 Tom。你呢?)

A: I am Mary. Where do you live? (我是 Mary。你住哪裡?)

B: I live in Taipei. How about you? (我住台北。你呢?)

A: I live in Taipei, too! (我也住台北!)


對話二:問有沒有東西

A: Do you have a phone? (你有手機嗎?)

B: Yes, I do. (有。)

A: What phone do you have? (你有什麼手機?)

B: I have an iPhone. (我有 iPhone。)

A: Does it have a good camera? (它的相機好嗎?)

B: Yes, it does! (很好!)


對話三:問興趣

A: What do you do on weekends? (你週末做什麼?)

B: I play basketball. Do you play sports? (我打籃球。你有運動嗎?)

A: No, I don’t. I watch TV at home. (沒有。我在家看電視。)

B: What do you watch? (你看什麼?)

A: I watch movies. (我看電影。)


對話四:問學校的事

A: Where is your school? (你的學校在哪裡?)

B: It is in the city. Do you go to school by bus? (在市區。你搭公車上學嗎?)

A: No, I don’t. I walk to school. (不是。我走路去學校。)

B: When do you go to school? (你什麼時候去學校?)

A: I go to school at 7:30. (我七點半去學校。)


對話五:問家人

A: Who is she? (她是誰?)

B: She is my sister. (她是我姐姐。)

A: Does she study English? (她學英文嗎?)

B: Yes, she does. She studies English every day. (是的。她每天學英文。)

A: How does she study? (她怎麼學的?)

B: She watches English videos. (她看英文影片。)


綜合練習:25 題大挑戰!

同學,準備好了嗎?這是最後的大考驗!


Part 1:把直述句改成 Yes/No 問句(共 5 題)

1. You are happy. → _________________________

2. She has a cat. → _________________________

3. He eats rice. → _________________________

4. They study English. → _________________________

5. It is a book. → _________________________


Part 2:選出正確的簡答回答(共 5 題)

6. Are you a student? (A) Yes, I do. (B) Yes, I am.

7. Do you have a phone? (A) Yes, I am. (B) Yes, I do.

8. Does she eat rice? (A) Yes, she does. (B) Yes, she is.

9. Is he your friend? (A) Yes, he does. (B) Yes, he is.

10. Do they play basketball? (A) No, they don’t. (B) No, they aren’t.


Part 3:填入正確的 Wh- 字(共 5 題)

從下列 Wh- 字中選擇:What / Who / Where / When / How

11. ___ is your name?(你叫什麼名字?)

12. ___ do you live?(你住哪裡?)

13. ___ is she?(她是誰?)

14. ___ is the exam?(考試是什麼時候?)

15. ___ do you go to school?(你怎麼去學校?)


Part 4:根據回答寫出問句(共 5 題)

16. 回答:It is a book. → 問句:_________________________

17. 回答:Yes, I do. I have a phone. → 問句:_________________________

18. 回答:I live in Taipei. → 問句:_________________________

19. 回答:She is my teacher. → 問句:_________________________

20. 回答:I eat breakfast at 7. → 問句:_________________________


Part 5:完成對話(共 5 題)

根據上下文,填入正確的問句或回答。

21. A: Do you have a dog? B: _____________(有的,我有。)

22. A: _____________(她是誰?) B: She is my sister.

23. A: Does he play tennis? B: _____________(不,他沒有。)

24. A: _____________(你住在哪裡?) B: I live in Kaohsiung.

25. A: What do you eat for breakfast? B: _____________(我吃麵包。)


威威解析——詳細解答

Part 1:把直述句改成 Yes/No 問句

第 1 題:Are you happy?

原句:You are happy. be 動詞疑問句:把 be 動詞移到主詞前面。 are 移到 you 前面 → Are you happy?

第 2 題:Does she have a cat?

原句:She has a cat. have/has 疑問句:用 Does(因為主詞是 She)+ 主詞 + have(原形)。 注意:has 要變回 have! → Does she have a cat?

第 3 題:Does he eat rice?

原句:He eats rice. 一般動詞疑問句:用 Does(因為主詞是 He)+ 主詞 + 原形動詞。 注意:eats 要變回 eat! → Does he eat rice?

第 4 題:Do they study English?

原句:They study English. 一般動詞疑問句:用 Do(因為主詞是 They)+ 主詞 + 原形動詞。 → Do they study English?

第 5 題:Is it a book?

原句:It is a book. be 動詞疑問句:把 is 移到 it 前面。 → Is it a book?

做題技巧

  1. 先看動詞是哪種:be 動詞?have/has?一般動詞?
  2. be 動詞 → 往前搬
  3. have/has 或一般動詞 → 前面加 Do/Does
  4. 記得:Does 後面的動詞要用原形!

Part 2:選出正確的簡答回答

第 6 題:(B) Yes, I am.

問句是 Are you…?(be 動詞問句) 用 be 動詞回答:Yes, I am. (A) Yes, I do. 是用來回答 Do you…? 的問句。

第 7 題:(B) Yes, I do.

問句是 Do you have…?(Do 問句) 用 do 回答:Yes, I do. (A) Yes, I am. 是用來回答 Are you…? 的問句。

第 8 題:(A) Yes, she does.

問句是 Does she eat…?(Does 問句) 用 does 回答:Yes, she does. (B) Yes, she is. 是用來回答 Is she…? 的問句。

第 9 題:(B) Yes, he is.

問句是 Is he…?(be 動詞問句) 用 is 回答:Yes, he is. (A) Yes, he does. 是用來回答 Does he…? 的問句。

第 10 題:(A) No, they don’t.

問句是 Do they play…?(Do 問句) 用 don’t 回答:No, they don’t. (B) No, they aren’t. 是用來回答 Are they…? 的問句。

核心規則

用什麼問,就用什麼答!

問句用回答用
Are / Is →am / is / are
Do →do / don’t
Does →does / doesn’t

Part 3:填入正確的 Wh- 字

第 11 題:What

___ is your name?(你叫什麼名字?) 問「什麼」名字 → What What is your name?

第 12 題:Where

___ do you live?(你住哪裡?) 問「哪裡」→ Where Where do you live?

第 13 題:Who

___ is she?(她是誰?) 問「誰」→ Who Who is she?

第 14 題:When

___ is the exam?(考試是什麼時候?) 問「什麼時候」→ When When is the exam?

第 15 題:How

___ do you go to school?(你怎麼去學校?) 問「怎樣、如何」→ How How do you go to school?

Wh- 字判斷技巧

  • 問「東西」→ What
  • 問「人」→ Who
  • 問「地點」→ Where
  • 問「時間」→ When
  • 問「方式/感覺」→ How

Part 4:根據回答寫出問句

第 16 題:What is this?What is it?

回答是 It is a book.(這是一本書。) 問的是「這是什麼?」→ What is this?

第 17 題:Do you have a phone?

回答是 Yes, I do. I have a phone. 回答用了 “I do”,所以問句是 Do 問句。 問的是「你有沒有手機?」→ Do you have a phone?

第 18 題:Where do you live?

回答是 I live in Taipei.(我住台北。) 問的是「你住哪裡?」→ Where do you live?

第 19 題:Who is she?

回答是 She is my teacher.(她是我的老師。) 問的是「她是誰?」→ Who is she?

第 20 題:When do you eat breakfast?

回答是 I eat breakfast at 7.(我七點吃早餐。) 問的是「你什麼時候吃早餐?」→ When do you eat breakfast?

從回答推問句的技巧

  1. 看回答的「關鍵內容」是什麼:東西?人?地點?時間?方式?
  2. 決定用哪個 Wh- 字
  3. 決定用 be 動詞問句還是 Do/Does 問句
  4. 如果回答是 Yes/No → 用 Do/Does 或 be 動詞 Yes/No 問句

Part 5:完成對話

第 21 題:Yes, I do.

問句是 Do you have a dog?(你有狗嗎?) 回答「有的,我有」→ Yes, I do. I have a dog. 最短回答:Yes, I do.

第 22 題:Who is she?

回答是 She is my sister.(她是我姐姐。) 問的是「她是誰?」→ Who is she?

第 23 題:No, he doesn’t.

問句是 Does he play tennis?(他打網球嗎?) 回答「不,他沒有」→ No, he doesn’t.

第 24 題:Where do you live?

回答是 I live in Kaohsiung.(我住高雄。) 問的是「你住在哪裡?」→ Where do you live?

第 25 題:I eat bread.

問句是 What do you eat for breakfast?(你早餐吃什麼?) 回答「我吃麵包」→ I eat bread.


總整理:疑問句超級總表

Yes/No 問句

動詞類型問句公式回答公式
be 動詞Be 動詞 + 主詞 …?Yes, 主詞 + be 動詞. / No, 主詞 + be 動詞 + not.
have / 一般動詞 (I/You/We/They)Do + 主詞 + 原形 …?Yes, 主詞 + do. / No, 主詞 + don’t.
have / 一般動詞 (He/She/It)Does + 主詞 + 原形 …?Yes, 主詞 + does. / No, 主詞 + doesn’t.

Wh- 問句

Wh-問什麼公式例句
What東西What + is / do/does…?What is this?
WhoWho + is / do/does…?Who is she?
Where地點Where + is / do/does…?Where do you live?
When時間When + is / do/does…?When is the exam?
How方式How + is / do/does…?How are you?

複習計畫 (Review Schedule)

  • 今天:完成所有 25 題,對答案,標記錯題
  • 明天:重寫錯題,確認能全對
  • 三天後:重新寫 Part 1 和 Part 4(這兩個最需要練習)
  • 一週後:找朋友用英文對話 5 分鐘,試著用今天學的問句

學習科學小知識 (Learning Science Tip):交錯練習 (Interleaving) 如果你一次只練一種題目(比如只練 Yes/No 問句),你會覺得很簡單。但考試的時候,各種題型是混在一起出的!研究顯示,把不同類型的題目混著練習(Yes/No、Wh-、翻譯混在一起),雖然練習時比較難,但長期記憶效果更好。這就叫「交錯練習」。所以,下次複習的時候,試著把 R02 到 R05 的題目混在一起寫吧!


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