威威老師的單字寶庫:學測高頻慣用語 (Idioms & Fixed Expressions for GSAT)
學習指引
本筆記收錄學測 (GSAT) 中最常出現的 120+ 個慣用語 (idioms),依主題分類。 慣用語的特色是「不能照字面翻譯」,必須整體理解其比喻意義。 建議搭配例句和對應中文成語一起記憶,效果加倍! 複習間隔:1天 → 3天 → 7天 → 14天 → 30天
一、身體相關慣用語(Body Idioms)— 20個
| # | 慣用語 (Idiom) | 字面翻譯 | 實際意思 | 例句 (Example) | 對應中文 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | break a leg | 折斷一條腿 | 祝好運 | Break a leg at the audition today!(今天試鏡祝你好運!) | 祝你好運 |
| 2 | cost an arm and a leg | 花一條手臂和一條腿 | 非常昂貴 | That designer bag costs an arm and a leg.(那個名牌包貴得離譜。) | 價值連城 |
| 3 | keep an eye on | 保持一隻眼睛在……上 | 注意看著;留意 | Can you keep an eye on my bag for a minute?(你能幫我看一下包包嗎?) | 留心注意 |
| 4 | lend a hand | 借出一隻手 | 幫忙 | Could you lend me a hand with these boxes?(你能幫我搬這些箱子嗎?) | 伸出援手 |
| 5 | turn a blind eye | 轉一隻瞎眼 | 視而不見 | The teacher turned a blind eye to his tardiness.(老師對他的遲到視而不見。) | 視而不見 |
| 6 | by heart | 憑心 | 憑記憶 | The actress learned all her lines by heart.(那位女演員把所有台詞都背起來了。) | 倒背如流 |
| 7 | cross your fingers | 交叉手指 | 祈求好運 | I’m crossing my fingers that I pass the exam.(我祈求能通過考試。) | 祈求好運 |
| 8 | bite your tongue | 咬舌頭 | 忍住不說 | I had to bite my tongue when he insulted me.(他侮辱我時我只好忍住不反駁。) | 隱忍不言 |
| 9 | head over heels | 頭在腳後跟上 | 深深愛上;完全地 | She is head over heels in love with him.(她深深地愛上了他。) | 墜入愛河 |
| 10 | on the tip of one’s tongue | 在舌尖上 | 話到嘴邊卻想不起來 | His name is on the tip of my tongue.(他的名字就在我嘴邊但就是想不起來。) | 話到嘴邊 |
| 11 | out of hand | 出了手 | 失控 | The protest got out of hand and turned violent.(抗議失控變成了暴力事件。) | 失去控制 |
| 12 | in hand | 在手中 | 在控制之中;在手邊 | Don’t worry — everything is in hand.(別擔心,一切都在掌控中。) | 盡在掌握 |
| 13 | at hand | 在手邊 | 即將到來;在手邊 | The exams are close at hand.(考試近在眼前。) | 迫在眉睫 |
| 14 | on hand | 在場 | 可用的;在場的 | We have plenty of supplies on hand.(我們手邊有充足的物資。) | 備有存貨 |
| 15 | behind one’s back | 在背後 | 背地裡 | She was talking about me behind my back.(她在背後說我的閒話。) | 背後議論 |
| 16 | face to face | 面對面 | 面對面地 | I prefer discussing things face to face.(我比較喜歡面對面討論事情。) | 面對面 |
| 17 | shoulder to shoulder | 肩並肩 | 齊心協力 | The team stood shoulder to shoulder to finish the project.(團隊齊心協力完成專案。) | 同舟共濟 |
| 18 | hand in hand | 手牽手 | 密切相關;共同 | Poverty and crime often go hand in hand.(貧窮和犯罪常常密不可分。) | 密不可分 |
| 19 | neck and neck | 脖子和脖子 | 並駕齊驅 | The two runners were neck and neck until the finish line.(兩位跑者一直並駕齊驅直到終點線。) | 不相上下 |
| 20 | keep one’s chin up | 保持下巴抬高 | 保持樂觀 | Keep your chin up — things will get better!(保持樂觀,事情會好轉的!) | 振作精神 |
二、動物相關慣用語(Animal Idioms)— 10個
| # | 慣用語 (Idiom) | 字面翻譯 | 實際意思 | 例句 (Example) | 對應中文 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | let the cat out of the bag | 把貓放出袋子 | 無意中洩漏秘密 | She let the cat out of the bag about the surprise party.(她無意間洩漏了驚喜派對的秘密。) | 走漏風聲 |
| 2 | raining cats and dogs | 下貓下狗 | 傾盆大雨 | It’s raining cats and dogs outside!(外面下著傾盆大雨!) | 傾盆大雨 |
| 3 | elephant in the room | 房間裡的大象 | 顯而易見但無人願提及的問題 | Nobody wanted to talk about the elephant in the room — the company was going bankrupt.(沒人願意提那個明擺著的問題——公司快破產了。) | 眾所周知的祕密 |
| 4 | black sheep | 黑羊 | 敗家子;害群之馬 | He’s the black sheep of the family.(他是家中的敗家子。) | 害群之馬 |
| 5 | copycat | 複製貓 | 模仿者 | Stop being a copycat and come up with your own ideas!(別再模仿了,想點自己的主意!) | 東施效顰 |
| 6 | eager beaver | 急切的河狸 | 工作特別勤奮的人 | She’s an eager beaver — always the first to volunteer.(她是個工作狂——總是第一個自願的。) | 工作狂 |
| 7 | wild goose chase | 野鵝追趕 | 徒勞無功的搜索 | Looking for my lost keys in the park was a wild goose chase.(在公園裡找我遺失的鑰匙是白費力氣。) | 徒勞無功 |
| 8 | fish out of water | 離開水的魚 | 格格不入;不自在 | I felt like a fish out of water at the fancy party.(在那個高級派對上我感到格格不入。) | 格格不入 |
| 9 | hold your horses | 拉住你的馬 | 等一下;別急 | Hold your horses! We can’t leave yet.(等等!我們還不能走。) | 慢著別急 |
| 10 | when pigs fly | 豬會飛的時候 | 永遠不可能 | I’ll clean my room when pigs fly!(我才不可能整理房間!) | 太陽從西邊出來 |
三、顏色相關慣用語(Color Idioms)— 10個
| # | 慣用語 (Idiom) | 字面翻譯 | 實際意思 | 例句 (Example) | 對應中文 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | green with envy | 綠色嫉妒 | 非常嫉妒 | She was green with envy when she saw my new phone.(她看到我的新手機時非常嫉妒。) | 嫉妒得眼紅 |
| 2 | feel blue | 感覺藍色 | 感到憂鬱 | I’ve been feeling blue since my best friend moved away.(自從好朋友搬走後,我一直感到憂鬱。) | 鬱鬱寡歡 |
| 3 | see red | 看到紅色 | 非常生氣 | When he insulted my family, I saw red.(他侮辱我的家人時,我火冒三丈。) | 火冒三丈 |
| 4 | white lie | 白色謊言 | 善意的謊言 | Telling a white lie is sometimes acceptable.(有時候說善意的謊言是可以接受的。) | 善意的謊言 |
| 5 | black and white | 黑和白 | 一清二楚;非黑即白 | The rules are black and white — no exceptions.(規則很明確——沒有例外。) | 一清二楚 |
| 6 | in the black/red | 在黑色/紅色中 | 有盈餘/虧損 | The company is finally in the black this quarter.(公司這個季度終於轉虧為盈了。) | 盈餘/赤字 |
| 7 | out of the blue | 從藍色中出來 | 出乎意料地 | Out of the blue, she called me after ten years.(出乎意料地,她十年後突然打電話給我。) | 突如其來 |
| 8 | once in a blue moon | 藍月亮出現一次 | 千載難逢;很少 | I only eat fast food once in a blue moon.(我很少吃速食。) | 千載難逢 |
| 9 | catch someone red-handed | 紅手抓到某人 | 當場抓到 | The thief was caught red-handed stealing the jewelry.(小偷偷珠寶時被當場抓到。) | 人贓俱獲 |
| 10 | golden opportunity | 金色機會 | 絕佳的機會 | This scholarship is a golden opportunity you shouldn’t miss.(這個獎學金是你不該錯過的絕佳機會。) | 千載難逢的機會 |
四、食物相關慣用語(Food Idioms)— 10個
| # | 慣用語 (Idiom) | 字面翻譯 | 實際意思 | 例句 (Example) | 對應中文 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | piece of cake | 一塊蛋糕 | 非常容易 | The math test was a piece of cake.(數學考試太簡單了。) | 小菜一碟 |
| 2 | cup of tea | 一杯茶 | 喜好(常用於否定) | Bungee jumping is not my cup of tea.(高空彈跳不是我的菜。) | 不是我的菜 |
| 3 | in a nutshell | 在堅果殼裡 | 簡而言之 | In a nutshell, the project was a huge success.(簡而言之,這個專案非常成功。) | 簡而言之 |
| 4 | bring home the bacon | 把培根帶回家 | 養家活口 | My father works hard to bring home the bacon.(我父親辛勤工作養家。) | 養家活口 |
| 5 | spill the beans | 洩漏豆子 | 洩漏秘密 | Don’t spill the beans about the surprise!(別把驚喜的秘密說出去!) | 洩漏秘密 |
| 6 | sweet tooth | 甜牙齒 | 喜歡吃甜食 | I have a sweet tooth — I can never resist chocolate.(我愛吃甜食——永遠無法抗拒巧克力。) | 愛吃甜食 |
| 7 | food for thought | 給思考的食物 | 發人深省的事 | The speaker’s words gave us plenty of food for thought.(演講者的話讓我們深思。) | 發人深省 |
| 8 | cool as a cucumber | 像黃瓜一樣涼 | 非常冷靜 | Even during the crisis, she remained as cool as a cucumber.(即使在危機中,她依然冷靜如常。) | 泰然自若 |
| 9 | full of beans | 滿滿的豆子 | 精力充沛 | The kids were full of beans after the nap.(孩子們午睡後精力充沛。) | 生龍活虎 |
| 10 | butter someone up | 給某人抹奶油 | 巴結;奉承 | He tried to butter up the boss to get a promotion.(他試圖巴結老闆以求升職。) | 巴結奉承 |
五、天氣與自然相關慣用語(Weather & Nature Idioms)— 9個
| # | 慣用語 (Idiom) | 字面翻譯 | 實際意思 | 例句 (Example) | 對應中文 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | under the weather | 在天氣之下 | 身體不舒服 | I’m feeling a bit under the weather today.(我今天感覺不太舒服。) | 微恙不適 |
| 2 | break the ice | 打破冰 | 打破僵局;破冰 | The host told a joke to break the ice.(主持人說了個笑話來打破僵局。) | 打破僵局 |
| 3 | storm in a teacup | 茶杯裡的風暴 | 小題大作 | Their argument was just a storm in a teacup.(他們的爭吵只是小題大作。) | 小題大作 |
| 4 | on cloud nine | 在第九層雲上 | 非常開心 | She was on cloud nine after getting accepted to her dream school.(被夢想學校錄取後她開心極了。) | 樂不可支 |
| 5 | steal someone’s thunder | 偷走某人的雷聲 | 搶某人的風頭 | I didn’t mean to steal your thunder — I didn’t know you were going to announce it.(我不是故意搶你的風頭——我不知道你要宣布這件事。) | 搶風頭 |
| 6 | clear as mud | 像泥巴一樣清楚 | 完全不清楚 | His explanation was clear as mud — I’m more confused than before.(他的解釋完全不清楚——我比之前更困惑了。) | 一塌糊塗 |
| 7 | ray of hope | 一線希望之光 | 一線希望 | The new treatment offers a ray of hope for patients.(新療法為患者帶來了一線希望。) | 一線希望 |
| 8 | silver lining | 銀色的襯裡 | 一線希望(壞事中的好事) | Every cloud has a silver lining.(每朵烏雲都有一道銀邊。) | 否極泰來 |
| 9 | tip of the iceberg | 冰山的一角 | 僅僅一小部分 | These complaints are just the tip of the iceberg.(這些抱怨只是冰山一角。) | 冰山一角 |
六、數字相關慣用語(Number Idioms)— 10個
| # | 慣用語 (Idiom) | 字面翻譯 | 實際意思 | 例句 (Example) | 對應中文 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | once in a blue moon | 藍月亮出現一次 | 很少發生 | We go to the movies once in a blue moon.(我們很少去電影院。) | 千載難逢 |
| 2 | second thoughts | 第二次想法 | 再三考慮;疑慮 | I’m having second thoughts about moving abroad.(我對搬到國外這件事有了疑慮。) | 再三考慮 |
| 3 | at first sight | 第一眼 | 一見鍾情 | It was love at first sight.(那是一見鍾情。) | 一見鍾情 |
| 4 | on second thought | 第二次想法後 | 重新考慮後 | On second thought, I think I’ll stay home.(重新考慮後,我想我還是待在家好了。) | 三思之後 |
| 5 | in one ear and out the other | 一耳進一耳出 | 左耳進右耳出 | Whatever I tell him goes in one ear and out the other.(不管我跟他說什麼,他總是左耳進右耳出。) | 左耳進右耳出 |
| 6 | two heads are better than one | 兩個頭比一個好 | 三個臭皮匠勝過一個諸葛亮 | Let’s work on this together — two heads are better than one.(我們一起做吧——人多力量大。) | 集思廣益 |
| 7 | six of one, half a dozen of the other | 六個和半打 | 半斤八兩 | Whether we go by train or by bus, it’s six of one, half a dozen of the other.(搭火車還是公車都一樣。) | 半斤八兩 |
| 8 | at sixes and sevens | 在六和七之中 | 亂七八糟 | The office was at sixes and sevens after the manager left.(經理離開後辦公室亂七八糟。) | 亂七八糟 |
| 9 | nine times out of ten | 十次有九次 | 幾乎總是 | Nine times out of ten, he arrives late.(他幾乎每次都遲到。) | 十之八九 |
| 10 | ten a penny | 十個一便士 | 很常見;不值錢 | Souvenir shops like this are ten a penny in tourist areas.(這種紀念品店在觀光區隨處可見。) | 隨處可見 |
七、其他高頻慣用語(General High-Frequency Idioms)— 20個
| # | 慣用語 (Idiom) | 實際意思 | 例句 (Example) | 對應中文 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | by and large | 大體上 | By and large, the project was a success.(大體上,這個專案是成功的。) | 大體而言 |
| 2 | pros and cons | 利弊 | We need to weigh the pros and cons before deciding.(我們需要權衡利弊再做決定。) | 利弊得失 |
| 3 | dos and don’ts | 注意事項 | Here’s a list of dos and don’ts for the exam.(這是考試的注意事項清單。) | 應做和不應做的事 |
| 4 | ins and outs | 來龍去脈 | He knows the ins and outs of the system.(他對這個系統瞭如指掌。) | 來龍去脈 |
| 5 | ups and downs | 起起落落 | Every marriage has its ups and downs.(每段婚姻都有起起落落。) | 跌宕起伏 |
| 6 | now and then | 偶爾 | I visit my grandmother now and then.(我偶爾去探望祖母。) | 偶爾有時 |
| 7 | here and there | 四處;到處 | I saw flowers blooming here and there in the garden.(我看到花園裡到處都有花在綻放。) | 零零星星 |
| 8 | safe and sound | 安然無恙 | We arrived home safe and sound.(我們安然無恙地到家了。) | 安然無恙 |
| 9 | through thick and thin | 同甘共苦 | True friends stay together through thick and thin.(真正的朋友同甘共苦。) | 同甘共苦 |
| 10 | make ends meet | 勉強維持生計 | With three children, it’s hard to make ends meet.(養三個孩子,很難維持收支平衡。) | 入不敷出/勉強度日 |
| 11 | hit the nail on the head | 一語中的 | Your analysis really hits the nail on the head.(你的分析真是一語中的。) | 一針見血 |
| 12 | burning the midnight oil | 熬夜苦讀 | She’s been burning the midnight oil to prepare for the exam.(她一直在熬夜苦讀準備考試。) | 焚膏繼晷 |
| 13 | easier said than done | 說比做容易 | ”Just be brave.” — “Easier said than done!”(「勇敢一點。」「說得容易做得到嗎!」) | 知易行難 |
| 14 | every cloud has a silver lining | 否極泰來 | Don’t give up — every cloud has a silver lining.(不要放棄——否極泰來。) | 否極泰來 |
| 15 | practice makes perfect | 熟能生巧 | Keep practicing — practice makes perfect.(繼續練習——熟能生巧。) | 熟能生巧 |
| 16 | when in Rome, do as the Romans do | 入境隨俗 | I don’t usually eat sushi, but when in Rome…(我通常不吃壽司,但入境隨俗嘛……) | 入境隨俗 |
| 17 | actions speak louder than words | 事實勝於雄辯 | Stop promising and start doing — actions speak louder than words.(別再承諾了,開始行動吧——事實勝於雄辯。) | 事實勝於雄辯 |
| 18 | don’t judge a book by its cover | 不要以貌取人 | He may look tough, but don’t judge a book by its cover.(他看起來很兇,但不要以貌取人。) | 人不可貌相 |
| 19 | the early bird catches the worm | 早起的鳥兒有蟲吃 | Let’s start early — the early bird catches the worm!(我們早點開始吧——早起的鳥兒有蟲吃!) | 早起的鳥兒有蟲吃 |
| 20 | a blessing in disguise | 因禍得福 | Losing that job was a blessing in disguise — I found a better one.(失去那份工作是因禍得福——我找到了一份更好的。) | 因禍得福 |
八、綜合練習(25題)
Part A:配對題(Matching)— 題號 1-10
將左欄的慣用語與右欄正確的中文意思配對。
| 題號 | 英文慣用語 | 你的答案 | 選項 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | break a leg | ______ | A. 當場抓到 |
| 2 | piece of cake | ______ | B. 非常容易 |
| 3 | elephant in the room | ______ | C. 養家活口 |
| 4 | cost an arm and a leg | ______ | D. 非常昂貴 |
| 5 | bring home the bacon | ______ | E. 祝好運 |
| 6 | catch someone red-handed | ______ | F. 打破僵局 |
| 7 | under the weather | ______ | G. 身體不舒服 |
| 8 | break the ice | ______ | H. 顯而易見但無人願提的問題 |
| 9 | black sheep | ______ | I. 格格不入 |
| 10 | fish out of water | ______ | J. 害群之馬 |
Part B:填空題(Fill-in-the-Blank)— 題號 11-18
從下列慣用語中選出正確答案填入空格中。
備選慣用語: once in a blue moon / safe and sound / by and large / hit the nail on the head / ups and downs / silver lining / spill the beans / burning the midnight oil
| 題號 | 題目 |
|---|---|
| 11 | After the long journey, we arrived home ______. |
| 12 | He has been ______ to prepare for the entrance exam. |
| 13 | I only see my childhood friend ______ because he lives abroad. |
| 14 | Don’t ______ — the party is supposed to be a surprise! |
| 15 | ______, the new policy has been well received by the public. |
| 16 | Every relationship has its ______, but true love endures. |
| 17 | Your analysis of the problem really ______. |
| 18 | Losing my job was tough, but the ______ was that I had more time with my family. |
Part C:選擇題(Multiple Choice)— 題號 19-25
選出最適合的慣用語。
| 題號 | 題目 | A | B | C | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 19 | She was ______ when she saw her rival wearing the same dress. | seeing red | green with envy | feeling blue | out of the blue |
| 20 | The test was a ______ — I finished in ten minutes. | storm in a teacup | piece of cake | cup of tea | food for thought |
| 21 | He likes to ______ — he’s always telling people how great he is. | show off | break the ice | hold his horses | bite his tongue |
| 22 | ”Will you lend me money?” — “When ______!“ | pigs fly | cats and dogs | the elephant in the room | the tip of the iceberg |
| 23 | I’ve memorized the poem ______. | by heart | at hand | on hand | in hand |
| 24 | The children were ______ after eating all the candy. | full of beans | cool as cucumbers | sweet teeth | out of hand |
| 25 | Don’t take it so seriously — it’s just a ______. | white lie | black sheep | red flag | green light |
九、解答(Answer Key)
Part A:配對題
| 題號 | 答案 |
|---|---|
| 1 | E (break a leg = 祝好運) |
| 2 | B (piece of cake = 非常容易) |
| 3 | H (elephant in the room = 顯而易見但無人願提的問題) |
| 4 | D (cost an arm and a leg = 非常昂貴) |
| 5 | C (bring home the bacon = 養家活口) |
| 6 | A (catch someone red-handed = 當場抓到) |
| 7 | G (under the weather = 身體不舒服) |
| 8 | F (break the ice = 打破僵局) |
| 9 | J (black sheep = 害群之馬) |
| 10 | I (fish out of water = 格格不入) |
Part B:填空題
| 題號 | 答案 |
|---|---|
| 11 | safe and sound |
| 12 | burning the midnight oil |
| 13 | once in a blue moon |
| 14 | spill the beans |
| 15 | By and large |
| 16 | ups and downs |
| 17 | hit the nail on the head |
| 18 | silver lining |
Part C:選擇題
| 題號 | 答案 | 說明 |
|---|---|---|
| 19 | B (green with envy) | 非常嫉妒 |
| 20 | B (piece of cake) | 非常容易 |
| 21 | A (show off) | 炫耀 |
| 22 | A (When pigs fly!) | 永遠不可能 |
| 23 | A (by heart) | 憑記憶 |
| 24 | A (full of beans) | 精力充沛 |
| 25 | A (white lie) | 善意的謊言 |
十、複習計畫(Review Schedule)
慣用語記憶策略
慣用語的關鍵是「理解比喻」,不要死記硬背。建議:
- 想像字面畫面(如:貓從袋子裡跳出來 = 洩漏秘密)
- 對應到中文成語或熟悉的表達
- 在寫作和口說中主動使用
| 複習次數 | 間隔時間 | 複習重點 | 完成打勾 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 第 1 次 | 學完後 1 天 | 全部慣用語快速瀏覽,回想比喻畫面 | □ |
| 第 2 次 | 第 3 天 | 標記不熟的慣用語重點複習 | □ |
| 第 3 次 | 第 7 天 | 做練習題,檢查理解 | □ |
| 第 4 次 | 第 14 天 | 嘗試在造句中使用慣用語 | □ |
| 第 5 次 | 第 30 天 | 模擬測驗,確認長期記憶 | □ |
主題式記憶建議
| 學習日 | 主題 | 慣用語數量 |
|---|---|---|
| Day 1 | 身體相關 | 20 |
| Day 2 | 動物 + 顏色相關 | 20 |
| Day 3 | 食物 + 天氣/自然相關 | 19 |
| Day 4 | 數字 + 其他高頻 | 30 |
| Day 5 | 總複習 + 練習題 | 全部 |
導航連結(Navigation)
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威威老師的話
慣用語是英文的靈魂。它們讓你的語言從「課本英文」變成「道地英文」。想像每一個慣用語背後的畫面,用中文成語來對照理解,你會發現英文慣用語其實很有趣!記住:學測閱讀裡出現慣用語時,千萬不要逐字翻譯!