V11 GRE核心字彙

威威老師的單字寶庫：GRE核心字彙 (GRE Essential Vocabulary)

學習指引

本筆記收錄 200 個 GRE 高頻核心字彙，依主題分為 5 大類。 每個單字提供：讀音、中文、英文定義、同義詞、反義詞、例句、記憶技巧。 適用考試：GRE General Test (Verbal Reasoning) 建議每天學習 15-20 個字，搭配 V09 字根字首字尾-上 和 V10 字根字首字尾-下 使用效果更佳。 複習間隔：1天 → 3天 → 7天 → 14天 → 30天

---

Group 1：態度與觀點 (Attitudes & Perspectives) — 40個

#	單字	讀音	中文	英文定義	同義詞	反義詞	記憶技巧
1	adamant	/‘aedement/	堅定不移的	refusing to change one’s mind	resolute, unyielding	flexible, yielding	含有 “adamant”（鑽石般的堅硬）
2	ambivalent	/aem’bivalent/	矛盾的	having mixed feelings about something	conflicted, uncertain	certain, decisive	ambi-(雙) + val(力量) = 兩股力量拉扯
3	apathetic	/aepe’Oetik/	冷漠的	showing no interest or emotion	indifferent, unconcerned	passionate, eager	a-(無) + path(感情) = 沒有感情
4	ardent	/‘a:rdent/	熱情的	intensely devoted or enthusiastic	fervent, passionate	lukewarm, indifferent	ardens（拉丁文「燃燒的」）
5	biased	/‘baiest/	有偏見的	unfairly prejudiced	prejudiced, partial	impartial, objective	bias（偏斜）
6	categorical	/kaet’gorikel/	絕對的	unconditional; without exceptions	absolute, unequivocal	qualified, tentative	category（類別）= 分得一清二楚的
7	cautious	/‘ko:Jes/	謹慎的	careful to avoid potential problems	careful, wary	reckless, bold	caution（謹慎）
8	circumspect	/‘s3:rkemspekt/	審慎的	carefully considering all circumstances	prudent, wary	rash, reckless	circum-(環繞) + spect(看) = 四處看
9	contentious	/ken’tenJes/	好爭論的	likely to cause disagreement	controversial, argumentative	agreeable, harmonious	content(競爭) + -ious
10	contrary	/‘kentreri/	相反的	opposed to something	opposite, opposing	agreeing, conforming	contra-(反對)
11	cynical	/‘sinikel/	憤世嫉俗的	believing people are motivated by selfishness	skeptical, distrustful	trusting, naive	cynic（犬儒學派）
12	deferential	/defe’renJel/	恭敬的	showing respect and submission	respectful, reverent	disrespectful, insolent	defer(順從) + -ential
13	defiant	/di’faient/	挑釁的	boldly resisting authority	rebellious, resistant	compliant, obedient	de-(相反) + fi(信任) = 不信任
14	detached	/di’taetJt/	超然的	emotionally separated; objective	aloof, indifferent	involved, emotional	de-(分離) + tach(附著) = 分離的
15	disdainful	/dis’deinfel/	輕蔑的	showing contempt	scornful, contemptuous	respectful, admiring	disdain（鄙視）
16	dogmatic	/dog’maetik/	教條的	asserting opinions as facts	inflexible, rigid	open-minded, flexible	dogma（教條）
17	emphatic	/im’faetik/	強調的	expressing something forcefully	forceful, assertive	hesitant, mild	emphasis（強調）
18	equivocal	/i’kwivekel/	模稜兩可的	ambiguous; having multiple meanings	ambiguous, vague	clear, unambiguous	equi-(相等) + voc(聲音) = 多種聲音
19	fervent	/‘f3:rvent/	熱切的	showing great warmth of feeling	ardent, passionate	apathetic, indifferent	fervens（拉丁文「沸騰的」）
20	impartial	/im’pa:rjel/	公正的	treating all sides equally	fair, unbiased	biased, partial	im-(不) + partial(偏頗的)
21	intransigent	/in’trensident/	不妥協的	refusing to change one’s views	uncompromising, stubborn	flexible, cooperative	in-(不) + transig(妥協)
22	objective	/eb’dzektiv/	客觀的	not influenced by personal feelings	impartial, unbiased	subjective, biased	object（客體）
23	partisan	/‘pa:rtizn/	黨派的	strongly supporting one side	biased, one-sided	neutral, impartial	party（政黨）
24	pragmatic	/praeg’maetik/	務實的	dealing with things practically	practical, realistic	idealistic, impractical	pragma（希臘文「事實」）
25	prudent	/‘pru:dent/	審慎的	acting with care and thought	careful, cautious	reckless, careless	provident（有遠見的）
26	resolute	/‘rezelu:t/	堅決的	admirably purposeful and determined	determined, steadfast	irresolute, wavering	resolve（決心）
27	skeptical	/‘skeptikel/	懷疑的	not easily convinced	doubtful, questioning	trusting, gullible	skeptic（懷疑論者）
28	subjective	/seb’dzektiv/	主觀的	based on personal feelings	personal, biased	objective, impartial	subject（主體）
29	sympathetic	/simpe’Oetik/	同情的	feeling compassion for others	compassionate, caring	indifferent, callous	sym-(共同) + path(感情)
30	tenacious	/te’neiJes/	堅韌的	persistent and determined	persistent, stubborn	yielding, weak	ten(握住) = 緊握不放
31	unequivocal	/Ani’kwivekel/	明確的	clear and unambiguous	clear, definite	ambiguous, vague	un-(不) + equivocal(模稜兩可)
32	vehement	/‘vi:ement/	激烈的	showing strong feeling	passionate, forceful	mild, gentle	vehemens（拉丁文「猛烈的」）
33	vindictive	/vin’diktiv/	報復性的	having a strong desire for revenge	revengeful, spiteful	forgiving, merciful	vindicate(報復) + -ive
34	zealous	/‘zeles/	熱忱的	showing great energy or enthusiasm	fervent, passionate	apathetic, indifferent	zeal（熱忱）
35	conciliatory	/ken’silieteri/	安撫的	intended to reconcile	reconciling, appeasing	provocative, hostile	conciliate（安撫）
36	complacent	/kem’pleisnt/	自滿的	smugly satisfied with oneself	self-satisfied, smug	dissatisfied, humble	com-(完全) + plac(取悅) = 完全自得
37	dispassionate	/dis’paeJenet/	冷靜的	not influenced by emotion	impartial, objective	emotional, passionate	dis-(不) + passionate(熱情的)
38	obstinate	/‘a:bstenet/	固執的	stubbornly refusing to change	stubborn, inflexible	flexible, compliant	ob-(對抗) + stin(站) = 站著對抗
39	recalcitrant	/ri’kaelsitrent/	頑抗的	uncooperative toward authority	rebellious, defiant	obedient, compliant	re-(再) + calcitr(踢) = 踢回去
40	stoic	/‘stouik/	堅忍的	enduring pain without complaint	resilient, uncomplaining	emotional, expressive	Stoic（斯多葛學派）

---

Group 2：程度與大小 (Degree & Size) — 40個

#	單字	讀音	中文	英文定義	同義詞	反義詞	記憶技巧
1	abundant	/e’bandent/	豐富的	existing in large quantities	plentiful, copious	scarce, meager	abound（豐富）
2	adequate	/‘aedikwet/	足夠的	sufficient for a specific need	sufficient, enough	inadequate, deficient	ad-(朝向) + equ(平等) = 達到相等
3	amplify	/‘aemplifai/	放大	to increase the strength of	magnify, intensify	reduce, diminish	ampl(大) + -ify(使)
4	astound	/e’staund/	使震驚	to shock or surprise greatly	amaze, astonish	bore, underwhelm	as-(加強) + tound(雷擊般)
5	attenuate	/e’tenjueit/	減弱	to reduce in thickness or strength	weaken, dilute	strengthen, intensify	at-(朝向) + tenu(薄) = 變薄
6	augment	/o:g’ment/	增加	to make larger; to increase	enlarge, increase	decrease, reduce	aug(增加) + -ment
7	colossal	/ke’losel/	巨大的	extremely large	enormous, gigantic	tiny, minute	colossus（巨像）
8	copious	/‘koupies/	大量的	abundant in supply	plentiful, abundant	scarce, scant	copia（拉丁文「豐富」）
9	diminish	/di’minif/	減少	to make smaller or less	reduce, decrease	increase, enlarge	mini(小) + -ish
10	diminutive	/di’minjetiv/	極小的	extremely small	tiny, minute	enormous, colossal	dimin(小) + -utive
11	enormity	/i’no:rmeti/	巨大；極惡	the great scale or seriousness of something	vastness, gravity	triviality, insignificance	e-(出) + norm(標準) = 超出標準
12	enormous	/i’no:rmes/	巨大的	very large in size or quantity	huge, massive	tiny, minute	e-(出) + norm(標準) + -ous
13	ephemeral	/i’femereal/	短暫的	lasting for a very short time	fleeting, transient	permanent, enduring	epi-(上) + hemer(天) = 一天的
14	evanescent	/eve’nesnt/	消逝的	soon passing out of sight	fading, fleeting	lasting, permanent	e-(出) + vanes(消失)
15	exorbitant	/ig’zo:rbetent/	過度的	exceeding reasonable limits	excessive, extortionate	moderate, reasonable	ex-(出) + orbit(軌道) = 脫離軌道
16	extensive	/ik’stensiv/	廣泛的	covering a large area	comprehensive, broad	limited, narrow	ex-(向外) + tens(伸展)
17	gargantuan	/ga:r’gaentJuen/	龐大的	enormously large	colossal, gigantic	tiny, minute	Gargantua（拉伯雷小說中的巨人）
18	immense	/i’mens/	巨大的	extremely large	vast, enormous	tiny, small	im-(不) + mense(測量) = 無法測量
19	incipient	/in’sipient/	初期的	beginning to happen or develop	emerging, budding	mature, full-blown	in-(內) + cip(抓住) + -ient = 剛開始抓住
20	inexhaustible	/inig’zo:stebel/	用不完的	without limits; tireless	limitless, endless	limited, finite	in-(不) + exhaust(耗盡) + -ible
21	infinitesimal	/infini’tesimel/	極微小的	extremely small	minuscule, microscopic	enormous, colossal	infinite(無限) + simal(小到無限)
22	lavish	/‘laevif/	奢華的	sumptuously rich or elaborate	luxurious, extravagant	frugal, meager	lav(洗) → 洗禮般的豐盛
23	meager	/‘mi:ger/	貧乏的	lacking in quantity or quality	scanty, insufficient	abundant, plentiful	meager（瘦的）
24	minute	/mai’nju:t/	微小的	extremely small	tiny, infinitesimal	enormous, huge	min(小) + -ute
25	modest	/‘madist/	適度的	unassuming; moderate in size	moderate, humble	extravagant, grand	mod(適度) + -est
26	monumental	/monju’mentel/	巨大的	great in importance or size	enormous, significant	trivial, insignificant	monument（紀念碑）→ 巨大的
27	mundane	/man’dein/	平凡的	ordinary; lacking interest	ordinary, commonplace	extraordinary, exciting	mund(世界) + -ane = 世俗的
28	myopic	/mai’opik/	近視的；短視的	lacking imagination or foresight	shortsighted, narrow-minded	farsighted, visionary	myo(閉) + op(眼) = 眼睛閉近
29	negligible	/‘neglidzebel/	微不足道的	so small as to be ignored	insignificant, trivial	significant, considerable	neglect(忽略) + -ible
30	nominal	/‘naminel/	名義上的	very small; in name only	token, titular	significant, substantial	nomin(名) + -al
31	paltry	/‘po:ltri/	微不足道的	ridiculously small	measly, trivial	substantial, generous	paltry（不值錢的）
32	pervasive	/per’veisiv/	無所不在的	spreading widely throughout	widespread, omnipresent	limited, restricted	per-(透過) + vas(走) = 走遍
33	prodigious	/pre’didzes/	巨大的	remarkable in size or degree	enormous, marvelous	insignificant, ordinary	prodigy（奇才）→ 巨大的
34	profound	/pre’faund/	深刻的	very great; having deep insight	deep, significant	shallow, superficial	pro-(向前) + found(底部) = 到達底部
35	prolific /	pre’lifik/	多產的	producing much fruit or output	productive, fruitful	unproductive, barren	proli(後代) + -fic(做)
36	scanty	/‘skaenti/	不足的	barely sufficient	meager, insufficient	abundant, plentiful	scant(缺乏) + -y
37	staggering	/‘staegeering/	驚人的	deeply astonishing	astounding, remarkable	ordinary, unremarkable	stagger（蹣跚）→ 震撼到站不穩
38	substantial	/seb’staenjel/	大量的	of considerable importance or size	considerable, significant	negligible, minor	sub-(下面) + stan(站) = 有底子的
39	superfluous	/su:‘p3:rflues/	多餘的	more than what is needed	excess, redundant	necessary, essential	super-(超過) + flu(流) = 溢出來的
40	voluminous	/ve’lu:menes/	大量的	very large in volume	extensive, massive	compact, brief	volume（體積）+ -inous

---

Group 3：正面特質 (Positive Traits) — 40個

#	單字	讀音	中文	英文定義	同義詞	反義詞	記憶技巧
1	altruistic	/aeltru’istik/	利他的	showing selfless concern for others	selfless, generous	selfish, self-centered	altru(他人) + -istic
2	amiable	/‘eimiabel/	和藹的	having a friendly manner	friendly, pleasant	hostile, unfriendly	ami(愛/朋友) + -able
3	assiduous	/e’sidzues/	勤勉的	showing great care and perseverance	diligent, industrious	lazy, careless	as-(朝向) + sid(坐) = 一直坐著工作
4	benevolent	/be’nevelemt/	仁慈的	well-meaning and kindly	kind, charitable	malevolent, cruel	bene(好) + vol(意志) = 好意
5	benign	/bi’nain/	良性的	gentle; kindly	harmless, mild	malignant, harmful	bene(好) + gen(產生) = 產生好的
6	candid	/‘kaendid/	坦率的	truthful and straightforward	honest, frank	deceitful, evasive	cand(白/明亮) = 白天般的坦誠
7	charitable	/‘tJaeretebel/	慈善的	generous to those in need	generous, benevolent	stingy, selfish	charity（慈善）
8	commendable	/ke’mendebel/	值得讚揚的	deserving praise	praiseworthy, admirable	blameworthy, reprehensible	commend(讚揚) + -able
9	compassionate	/kem’paeJenat/	有同情心的	feeling or showing sympathy	sympathetic, caring	indifferent, callous	com-(共同) + pass(感受) + -ionate
10	comprehensive	/kampri’hensiv/	全面的	including all elements	thorough, complete	partial, limited	com-(完全) + prehens(抓住) = 全部抓住
11	conscientious	/kanfi’enJes/	盡責的	careful and painstaking	thorough, diligent	careless, negligent	conscience(良心) + -tious
12	consummate	/ken’samit/	完美的	showing supreme skill	perfect, accomplished	amateur, imperfect	con-(完全) + sum(完成) = 完全做完
13	exemplary	/ig’zempleri/	模範的	serving as a desirable model	model, ideal	poor, unacceptable	example（例子）→ 模範的
14	fortuitous	/fo:r’tju:ites/	偶然的；幸運的	happening by chance; lucky	serendipitous, fortunate	planned, unfortunate	fortu(運氣) + -itous
15	gratuitous	/gre’tju:ites/	免費的；無緣故的	given freely; unjustified	uncalled-for, voluntary	justified, necessary	grat(恩惠) + -uitous
16	harmonious	/ha:r’mounies/	和諧的	forming a pleasing whole	peaceful, concordant	discordant, conflicting	harmony（和諧）+ -ious
17	immaculate	/i’maekjulet/	完美無瑕的	perfectly clean or neat	flawless, pristine	dirty, flawed	im-(不) + macul(斑點) = 沒有斑點
18	impeccable	/im’pekebel/	無懈可擊的	without faults	flawless, perfect	flawed, imperfect	im-(不) + pecc(犯錯) = 不犯錯的
19	indomitable	/in’damitebel/	不屈不撓的	impossible to subdue	unconquerable, invincible	weak, submissive	in-(不) + domit(馴服) = 不可馴服
20	ingenious	/in’dzi:nies/	巧妙的	cleverly inventive	creative, brilliant	stupid, unimaginative	in-(內) + gen(產生) + -ious = 腦中產生的
21	innovative	/‘ineveitiv/	創新的	introducing new ideas	creative, groundbreaking	conventional, traditional	innovate（創新）+ -ive
22	insightful	/‘insaitfel/	有洞察力的	having deep understanding	perceptive, discerning	oblivious, shallow	in(內) + sight(看) = 看到內部
23	intrepid	/in’trepid/	無畏的	fearless and adventurous	brave, courageous	cowardly, timid	in-(不) + trep(害怕) = 不害怕
24	judicious	/dzu:‘difes/	明智的	showing good judgment	wise, prudent	foolish, imprudent	judic(判斷) + -ious
25	magnanimous	/maeg’naenimes/	寬宏大量的	generous or forgiving	generous, charitable	petty, vindictive	magn(大) + anim(精神) = 偉大的精神
26	meticulous	/me’tikjeles/	一絲不苟的	showing great attention to detail	thorough, precise	careless, sloppy	metic(小心) + -ulous
27	munificent	/mju:‘nifisnt/	慷慨的	more generous than necessary	generous, bountiful	stingy, miserly	muni(禮物) + fic(做) = 製作禮物
28	perspicacious	/p3:rspi’keifes/	敏銳的	having keen mental perception	discerning, astute	obtuse, imperceptive	per-(透過) + spic(看) + -acious
29	philanthropic	/filen’BrApik/	慈善的	seeking to promote others’ welfare	charitable, humanitarian	selfish, greedy	phil(愛) + anthrop(人) = 愛人類
30	sagacious	/se’geifes/	睿智的	having keen mental discernment	wise, shrewd	foolish, ignorant	sag(敏銳) + -acious
31	salutary	/‘seljetri/	有益的	producing good effects	beneficial, wholesome	harmful, detrimental	salut(健康) + -ary
32	sanguine	/‘saengwin/	樂觀的	optimistic in a difficult situation	optimistic, positive	pessimistic, gloomy	sangu(血) → 血色好 = 樂觀的
33	steadfast	/‘stedfaest/	婉定的	resolutely firm	loyal, unwavering	fickle, unreliable	stead(站) + fast(牢固)
34	sublime	/se’blaim/	崇高的	of great excellence or beauty	magnificent, transcendent	ordinary, base	sub-(下面) + lim(門檻) = 提升到門檻之上
35	vigilant	/‘vidzilent/	警覺的	keeping careful watch	watchful, alert	careless, inattentive	vigil(守夜) + -ant
36	ostensible	/a’stensibel/	表面上的	stated or appearing to be true	apparent, seeming	actual, genuine	ob-(面對) + tens(伸展) = 展示在面前
37	parsimonious	/pa:rsi’mounies/	極度節儉的	unwilling to spend money	stingy, frugal	generous, lavish	pars(少) + mon(分配) = 分配得很少
38	innovative	/‘ineveitiv/	創新的	introducing new ideas or methods	inventive, original	traditional, conventional	in-(進入) + nov(新) + -ative
39	meritorious	/meri’to:ries/	值得讚揚的	deserving reward or praise	praiseworthy, laudable	blameworthy, undeserving	merit(功績) + -orious
40	versatile	/‘v3:rsetl/	多才多藝的	able to adapt to many functions	adaptable, flexible	limited, one-dimensional	vers(轉) + -atile = 能轉換的

---

Group 4：負面特質 (Negative Traits) — 40個

#	單字	讀音	中文	英文定義	同義詞	反義詞	記憶技巧
1	aberrant	/e’berent/	脫離常軌的	departing from normal standards	abnormal, atypical	normal, typical	ab-(偏離) + err(流浪) + -ant
2	avaricious	/aeve’rifes/	貪婪的	having an extreme greed for wealth	greedy, rapacious	generous, charitable	avar(貪婪) + -icious
3	belligerent	/be’lidzerent/	好戰的	hostile and aggressive	aggressive, combative	peaceful, friendly	belli(戰爭) + ger(帶) + -ent
4	capricious	/ke’prifes/	善變的	given to sudden changes of mood	unpredictable, fickle	consistent, stable	capri(山羊) = 像山羊一樣跳躍
5	chicanery	/fi’keineri/	狡詐	the use of trickery	deception, trickery	honesty, fairness	chicane（詭計）
6	corrupt	/ke’rapt/	腐敗的	dishonest or fraudulent	dishonest, tainted	honest, pure	cor-(完全) + rupt(斷裂) = 完全斷裂
7	deplorable	/di’plo:rebel/	可悲的	deserving strong condemnation	dreadful, appalling	commendable, admirable	deplore(哀嘆) + -able
8	despotic	/di’spatik/	專制的	exercising power cruelly	tyrannical, authoritarian	democratic, liberal	despot(暴君) + -ic
9	duplicitous	/dju:‘plisites/	欺騙的	deceitful; double-dealing	deceitful, two-faced	honest, sincere	dupli(雙) + cit(行為) = 兩面行為
10	egregious	/i’gri:dzes/	極其惡劣的	outstandingly bad	atrocious, flagrant	admirable, commendable	e-(出) + greg(群) = 出了群 = 鶴立雞群(負面)
11	enervate	/‘ene:veit/	使衰弱	to cause to feel drained of energy	weaken, debilitate	strengthen, invigorate	e-(出) + nerv(神經) = 神經抽離
12	fallacious	/fe’leifes/	謬誤的	based on a mistaken belief	erroneous, flawed	valid, sound	fall(欺騙) + -acious
13	flagrant	/‘fleigrent/	明目張膽的	conspicuously offensive	blatant, egregious	subtle, inconspicuous	flagr(燃燒) = 像火一樣明顯
14	heinous	/‘heines/	十惡不赦的	utterly odious or wicked	atrocious, abominable	admirable, virtuous	hein(恨) + -ous
15	hypocritical	/hipe’kritikel/	偽善的	behaving contrary to one’s stated beliefs	two-faced, insincere	sincere, genuine	hypo(下面) + crit(判斷) = 檯面下判斷
16	ignoble	/ig’noubl/	卑鄙的	not honorable in character	dishonorable, base	noble, honorable	ig-(不) + noble(高貴的)
17	implacable	/im’plaekebel/	難以平息的	unable to be calmed	relentless, unforgiving	forgiving, placable	im-(不) + plac(安撫) + -able
18	incorrigible	/in’ko:ridzebel/	無可救藥的	not able to be corrected	irreformable, hopeless	reformable, corrigible	in-(不) + corrig(改正) + -ible
19	indolent	/‘indeelent/	懶惰的	wanting to avoid activity	lazy, slothful	diligent, industrious	in-(不) + dol(悲傷) = 不想動
20	iniquitous	/i’nikwites/	不公正的	grossly unfair or immoral	wicked, unjust	fair, righteous	in-(不) + equi(平等) = 不平等
21	insidious	/in’sidies/	陰險的	proceeding in a subtle harmful way	stealthy, treacherous	honest, open	in-(內) + sid(坐) = 暗中坐著的
22	insufferable	/in’saferebel/	令人無法忍受的	too extreme to bear	unbearable, intolerable	bearable, tolerable	in-(不) + suffer(忍受) + -able
23	malevolent	/me’levelent/	惡意的	having ill will toward others	malicious, spiteful	benevolent, kind	male-(壞) + vol(意志) = 壞意志
24	malicious	/me’lifes/	惡意的	intending to cause harm	spiteful, malevolent	benevolent, kind	malic(壞) + -ious
25	mendacious	/men’deifes/	虛假的	not telling the truth	lying, dishonest	truthful, honest	mend(缺陷) + -acious
26	nefarious	/ni’feries/	邪惡的	extremely wicked	villainous, evil	virtuous, good	ne-(不) + far(神聖) + -ious
27	noxious	/‘nakfes/	有毒的	harmful or poisonous	toxic, harmful	beneficial, harmless	nox(毒) + -ious
28	obdurate	/‘a:bdjeret/	頑固的	stubbornly refusing to change	obstinate, inflexible	flexible, yielding	ob-(對抗) + dur(硬) = 對抗而硬
29	ominous	/‘amines/	不祥的	suggesting something bad will happen	threatening, sinister	promising, favorable	omen(預兆) + -ous
30	pernicious	/per’nifes/	有害的	causing great harm or damage	destructive, harmful	beneficial, helpful	per-(透過) + nic(殺) = 致命的
31	perfidious	/per’fidies/	背信的	deceitful and untrustworthy	treacherous, disloyal	loyal, faithful	per-(穿透) + fid(信任) = 穿透信任
32	perverse	/per’v3:rs/	執拗的	showing deliberate defiance	contrary, wayward	compliant, obedient	per-(相反) + vers(轉) = 反轉
33	predatory	/‘predeto:ri/	掠奪性的	seeking to exploit others	exploitative, rapacious	protective, nurturing	predator(掠食者) + -y
34	pretentious	/pri’tenJes/	自命不凡的	attempting to impress beyond merit	showy, ostentatious	modest, unassuming	pretend(假裝) + -tious
35	reprobate	/‘reprabeit/	墮落的人	an unprincipled person	scoundrel, rogue	saint, paragon	re-(反) + prob(測試) = 測試不合格
36	repugnant	/ri’pagnent/	令人厭惡的	extremely distasteful	repulsive, offensive	attractive, appealing	re-(反) + pugn(打) = 打回去 = 反感
37	surreptitious	/s3:rep’tiJes/	偷偷摸摸的	kept secret	stealthy, clandestine	open, overt	sur-(下面) + rept(爬) = 在下面爬行
38	vindictive	/vin’diktiv/	報復性的	having a desire for revenge	vengeful, spiteful	forgiving, merciful	vindic(報復) + -ative
39	virulent	/‘virulent/	劇毒的	extremely severe or harmful	poisonous, deadly	mild, benign	viru(毒) + -lent
40	voluble	/‘valjubel/	健談的（貶義）	talking fluently but too much	talkative, garrulous	reticent, taciturn	vol(滾) = 話像滾出來一樣

---

Group 5：變化與過程 (Change & Process) — 40個

#	單字	讀音	中文	英文定義	同義詞	反義詞	記憶技巧
1	ameliorate	/e’mi:liereit/	改善	to make something bad better	improve, enhance	worsen, deteriorate	a-(朝向) + melior(更好) = 使更好
2	augment	/o:g’ment/	增加	to make larger in size or quantity	increase, enlarge	decrease, reduce	aug(增加) + -ment
3	burgeon	/‘b3:rdzen/	迅速發展	to begin to grow or increase rapidly	flourish, thrive	decline, wither	burjon（芽）→ 像芽一樣爆發
4	catalyze	/‘kaetelaiz/	催化	to cause or accelerate a process	trigger, stimulate	hinder, impede	catalysis（催化作用）
5	coalesce	/koue’les/	合併	to come together to form one whole	merge, unite	separate, divide	co-(共同) + alesc(成長) = 共同成長
6	congeal	/ken’dzi:l/	凝結	to become solid or thick	solidify, thicken	melt, liquefy	con-(完全) + geal(凍) = 完全凍結
7	consolidate	/ken’salideit/	鞏固	to make something stronger	strengthen, unify	weaken, disperse	con-(共同) + solid(固體) = 使牢固
8	constrict	/ken’strikt/	收縮	to make narrower or tighter	tighten, narrow	expand, widen	con-(一起) + strict(拉緊) = 一起拉緊
9	curtail	/k3:r’teil/	削減	to reduce in extent or quantity	reduce, cut	extend, enlarge	curt(短) + -ail = 使變短
10	deteriorate	/di’tiriereit/	惡化	to become progressively worse	decline, degrade	improve, ameliorate	de-(向下) + terior(更差) = 變更差
11	disseminate	/di’semineit/	傳播	to spread widely	broadcast, circulate	suppress, contain	dis-(分散) + semin(種子) = 播種
12	diverge	/dai’ve:rdz/	分歧	to separate and go in different directions	branch, deviate	converge, unite	di-(分開) + verg(傾斜) = 分開傾斜
13	elaborate	/i’laebereit/	詳細說明	to develop in detail	expand, detail	simplify, condense	e-(出) + labor(工作) = 投入更多工作
14	emanate	/‘emeneit/	散發	to issue or spread out from a source	radiate, emit	absorb, contain	e-(出) + man(流) = 流出來
15	erode	/i’roud/	侵蝕	to gradually wear away	wear away, corrode	build up, strengthen	e-(出) + rod(啃) = 啃掉
16	exacerbate	/ig’zaeserbeit/	加劇	to make a problem worse	worsen, aggravate	improve, alleviate	ex-(出) + acer(尖銳) = 使更尖銳
17	exasperate	/ig’za:spereit/	激怒	to irritate intensely	annoy, infuriate	soothe, calm	ex-(出) + asper(粗糙) = 磨出來的怒氣
18	fluctuate	/‘flaktJueit/	波動	to rise and fall irregularly	oscillate, vary	stabilize, remain	fluct(流動) + -uate
19	galvanize	/‘gaelveenaiz/	激勵	to shock into action	stimulate, motivate	discourage, dampen	Galvani（發現電流的科學家）
20	germinate	/‘d33:mineit/	萌芽	to begin to grow	sprout, develop	wither, die	germ(芽) + -inate
21	hybridize	/‘haibridaiz/	雜交	to produce hybrids	crossbreed, blend	purify, separate	hybrid(混種) + -ize
22	impede	/im’pi:d/	阻礙	to delay or prevent by obstructing	hinder, obstruct	facilitate, assist	im-(進入) + ped(腳) = 絆腳
23	incubate	/‘inkjubeit/	孵化	to develop slowly	nurture, develop	abandon, neglect	in-(內) + cub(躺) = 躺在裡面
24	metamorphose /	mete’mo:fouz/	變形	to change into a different form	transform, transmute	remain, stagnate	meta-(改變) + morph(形狀)
25	mitigate	/‘mitigeit/	減輕	to make less severe	alleviate, reduce	worsen, intensify	miti(溫和) + -gate(做)
26	mollify	/‘malaifai/	安撫	to reduce the anger of	pacify, soothe	provoke, anger	moll(柔軟) + -ify(使) = 使柔軟
27	mutate	/mju:‘teit/	突變	to change in form or nature	transform, alter	remain, stay	mut(改變) + -ate
28	obfuscate	/‘a:bfeskeit/	使困惑	to make unclear or confused	confuse, muddle	clarify, explain	ob-(對面) + fusc(暗) = 使變暗
29	proliferate	/pre’lifereit/	激增	to increase rapidly in number	multiply, spread	decrease, decline	proli(後代) + fer(帶) = 帶來後代
30	rectify	/‘rektifai/	糾正	to put right; correct	correct, fix	damage, worsen	rect(正確) + -ify(使) = 使正確
31	stagnate	/‘staegecit/	停滯	to stop developing or growing	stall, decline	flourish, thrive	stagn(站立不動) + -ate
32	subside	/seb’said/	平息	to become less intense	diminish, decrease	intensify, increase	sub-(向下) + sid(坐) = 坐下去
33	supersede	/su:per’si:d/	取代	to take the place of	replace, displace	retain, maintain	super-(上面) + sed(坐) = 坐在上面
34	supplant	/se’plaent/	取代	to replace forcefully	replace, oust	retain, keep	sub-(下面) + plant(種植) = 從下面種
35	synthesize	/‘sinWesaiz/	合成	to combine into a whole	combine, integrate	separate, divide	syn-(共同) + thes(放置) + -ize
36	transmute	/traenz’mju:t/	轉化	to change from one form to another	transform, convert	preserve, maintain	trans-(跨越) + mut(改變)
37	truncate	/‘trnkeit/	截斷	to shorten by cutting off a part	shorten, cut	extend, lengthen	trunc(切斷) + -ate
38	undulate	/‘Andzuleit/	波動	to move with a wavelike motion	wave, ripple	stay flat, remain	und(波浪) + -ulate
39	vindicate	/‘vindikeit/	證明無辜	to clear of blame or suspicion	exonerate, absolve	condemn, blame	vindic(報復/辯護) + -ate
40	wane	/wein/	衰退	to decrease gradually	decline, diminish	grow, increase	wane（月虧）→ 逐漸減少

---

七、綜合練習（25題）

Part A：同義詞配對（Synonym Matching）— 題號 1-8

將左欄的單字與右欄正確的同義詞配對。

題號	單字	你的答案	選項
1	adamant	______	A. treacherous
2	ephemeral	______	B. resolute
3	malevolent	______	C. fleeting
4	meticulous	______	D. malicious
5	obdurate	______	E. diligent
6	perfidious	______	F. stubborn
7	prolific	______	G. productive
8	assiduous	______	H. precise

Part B：反義詞配對（Antonym Matching）— 題號 9-16

將左欄的單字與右欄正確的反義詞配對。

題號	單字	你的答案	選項
9	ameliorate	______	A. strengthen
10	benevolent	______	B. malevolent
11	enervate	______	C. worsen
12	meticulous	______	D. careful
13	obstinate	______	E. careless
14	pervious	______	F. flexible
15	taciturn	______	G. garrulous
16	reckless	______	H. prudent

Part C：填空題（Fill-in-the-Blank）— 題號 17-21

從下列單字中選出正確答案填入空格中。

備選單字： exacerbate / vindicate / mitigate / proliferate / coalesce

題號	題目
17	The government took measures to ______ the damage caused by the earthquake.
18	Despite the criticism, the scientist’s research was eventually ______ by further studies.
19	If we don’t address the problem now, it will only ______ over time.
20	Social media platforms have allowed misinformation to ______ at an alarming rate.
21	The two companies decided to ______ and form a stronger partnership.

Part D：句子等價題（Sentence Equivalence）— 題號 22-25

選出兩個能填入空格且使句子意思相同的單字（模擬 GRE Sentence Equivalence 題型）。

題號	題目	選項
22	The politician’s ______ remarks only served to anger the public further.	A. conciliatory B. inflammatory C. indifferent D. provocative E. hesitant F. pragmatic
23	After years of neglect, the old building had ______ into a state of complete disrepair.	A. flourished B. deteriorated C. improved D. degraded E. stabilized F. thrived
24	The professor’s ______ analysis of the data revealed patterns that no one had noticed before.	A. superficial B. cursory C. perfunctory D. perspicacious E. insightful F. negligent
25	The CEO’s ______ leadership style left employees feeling empowered and motivated.	A. despotic B. tyrannical C. authoritarian D. benevolent E. magnanimous F. indifferent

---

八、解答（Answer Key）

Part A：同義詞配對

題號	答案
1	B (adamant = resolute)
2	C (ephemeral = fleeting)
3	D (malevolent = malicious)
4	H (meticulous = precise)
5	F (obdurate = stubborn)
6	A (perfidious = treacherous)
7	G (prolific = productive)
8	E (assiduous = diligent)

Part B：反義詞配對

題號	答案
9	C (ameliorate 的反義詞是 worsen)
10	B (benevolent 的反義詞是 malevolent)
11	A (enervate 的反義詞是 strengthen)
12	E (meticulous 的反義詞是 careless)
13	F (obstinate 的反義詞是 flexible)
14	(此題 pervious 較少見，正確反義詞應為 impervious)
15	G (taciturn 的反義詞是 garrulous)
16	H (reckless 的反義詞是 prudent)

Part C：填空題

題號	答案
17	mitigate（減輕）
18	vindicated（證明無辜/證實正確）
19	exacerbate（加劇）
20	proliferate（激增）
21	coalesce（合併）

Part D：句子等價題

題號	答案	說明
22	B + D	inflammatory（煽動性的）= provocative（挑釁的）
23	B + D	deteriorated（惡化）= degraded（退化）
24	D + E	perspicacious（敏銳的）= insightful（有洞察力的）
25	D + E	benevolent（仁慈的）= magnanimous（寬宏大量的）

---

九、複習計畫（Review Schedule）

GRE 字彙備考策略

GRE Verbal Reasoning 的關鍵是「精確理解詞義」，不是「大概知道」。

1. 每個字都要知道同義詞和反義詞
2. 注意「看似相似但意思不同」的字（如：fortuitous vs. fortunate）
3. 練習 Sentence Equivalence 時，找的是「意思相近的兩個選項」

複習次數	間隔時間	複習重點	完成打勾
第 1 次	學完後 1 天	Group 1（態度與觀點）40 個字	□
第 2 次	第 3 天	Group 2（程度與大小）40 個字	□
第 3 次	第 5 天	Group 3（正面特質）40 個字	□
第 4 次	第 7 天	Group 4（負面特質）40 個字	□
第 5 次	第 10 天	Group 5（變化與過程）40 個字	□
第 6 次	第 14 天	全部 200 字快速複習 + 做練習題	□
第 7 次	第 21 天	針對不熟的字加強記憶	□
第 8 次	第 30 天	模擬測驗，確認長期記憶	□

每日學習建議（14天計畫）

學習日	學習內容	數量	時間
Day 1	Group 1 前 20 字	20	45 分鐘
Day 2	Group 1 後 20 字	20	45 分鐘
Day 3	Group 2 前 20 字	20	45 分鐘
Day 4	Group 2 後 20 字	20	45 分鐘
Day 5	Group 3 前 20 字	20	45 分鐘
Day 6	Group 3 後 20 字	20	45 分鐘
Day 7	Group 4 前 20 字	20	45 分鐘
Day 8	Group 4 後 20 字	20	45 分鐘
Day 9	Group 5 前 20 字	20	45 分鐘
Day 10	Group 5 後 20 字	20	45 分鐘
Day 11	複習 Group 1 + 2	80	60 分鐘
Day 12	複習 Group 3 + 4	80	60 分鐘
Day 13	複習 Group 5 + 練習題	40+	60 分鐘
Day 14	全部模擬測驗	200	90 分鐘

---

導航連結（Navigation）

Previous: V10 字根字首字尾-下

---

威威老師的話

GRE 字彙不是死記硬背的比賽，而是「理解 + 聯想 + 反覆運用」的過程。每一個 GRE 單字背後都有一個故事——利用字根記憶法，把單字像拼圖一樣組合起來。遇到不認識的字，先用字根猜，再查字典確認。這 200 個核心字彙是 GRE Verbal 的基石，掌握了它們，你就掌握了拿高分的關鍵！