W04 學測翻譯-核心句型40

閱讀時間約 18 分鐘

威威老師的寫作教室：核心句型40 (40 Essential Sentence Patterns)

導航

Previous: W03 學測翻譯-中翻英技巧 | Next: W05 學測作文-英文摘要

Patterns 1-10：Basic Structures（基礎結構）

Pattern 1：It is adj to V（做某事是…的）

Formula： It is + adjective + (for sb) + to VR

Translation Practices:

  1. 學好英文很重要。

    It is important to learn English well.

  2. 對年輕人來說，保護視力是必要的。

    It is necessary for young people to protect their eyesight.

  3. 在沒有充分準備的情況下通過考試是不可能的。

    It is impossible to pass the exam without adequate preparation.

Pattern 2：There is no doubt that…（毫無疑問…）

Formula： There is no doubt that + S + V

Translation Practices:

  1. 毫無疑問，教育可以改變一個人的命運。

    There is no doubt that education can change a person’s destiny.

  2. 毫無疑問，全球暖化是人類面臨的最大挑戰之一。

    There is no doubt that global warming is one of the greatest challenges facing humanity.

  3. 毫無疑問，閱讀是拓展知識最有效的方法之一。

    There is no doubt that reading is one of the most effective ways to expand knowledge.

Pattern 3：not only…but also…（不但…而且…）

Formula： S + not only + V1 + but also + V2 / S + not only + be + C1 + but also + C2

Translation Practices:

  1. 這部電影不但有趣，而且發人深省。

    This movie is not only entertaining but also thought-provoking.

  2. 她不但會說英文，還會說法文和日文。

    She can speak not only English but also French and Japanese.

  3. 運動不但能增強體力，還能改善心情。

    Exercise not only strengthens physical fitness but also improves mood.

Pattern 4：so…that…（如此…以至於…）

Formula： S + V + so + adj/adv + that + S + V

Translation Practices:

  1. 他太累了，以至於在上課時睡著了。

    He was so tired that he fell asleep during class.

  2. 這本小說太精彩了，以至於我一個晚上就讀完了。

    This novel was so fascinating that I finished it in one night.

  3. 天氣太冷了，以至於學校決定停課。

    The weather was so cold that the school decided to cancel classes.

Pattern 5：the more…the more…（越…越…）

Formula： The + 比較級 + S + V, the + 比較級 + S + V

Translation Practices:

  1. 你越努力，成功的機會就越大。

    The harder you work, the greater your chances of success will be.

  2. 我們越早開始，就能越早完成。

    The sooner we start, the sooner we can finish.

  3. 人們越依賴科技，人際互動就越少。

    The more people rely on technology, the less interpersonal interaction there is.

Pattern 6：spend time V-ing（花時間做…）

Formula： S + spend + time + V-ing

Translation Practices:

  1. 他每天花兩小時練習鋼琴。

    He spends two hours practicing the piano every day.

  2. 我們應該多花時間陪伴家人。

    We should spend more time spending time with our family. (Better: We should spend more time with our family.)

  3. 學生不應該花太多時間玩手機遊戲。

    Students should not spend too much time playing mobile games.

Pattern 7：It takes + time + to VR（花費…時間做…）

Formula： It takes + (sb) + time + to VR

Translation Practices:

  1. 從臺北到高雄搭高鐵大約需要一個半小時。

    It takes about one and a half hours to travel from Taipei to Kaohsiung by high-speed rail.

  2. 培養一個好習慣需要二十一天。

    It takes 21 days to develop a good habit.

  3. 他花了一整天的時間才完成這份報告。

    It took him a whole day to finish this report.

Pattern 8：too…to VR（太…以至於不能…）

Formula： S + V + too + adj/adv + to VR

Translation Practices:

  1. 這個問題太難了，我無法回答。

    This question is too difficult for me to answer.

  2. 那個箱子太重了，她搬不動。

    That box is too heavy for her to carry.

  3. 這個消息來得太突然，讓人無法相信。

    The news came too suddenly to be believed.

Pattern 9：have/has been V-ing（一直在做…）

Formula： S + have/has + been + V-ing

Translation Practices:

  1. 他已經學了三年的英文了。

    He has been learning English for three years.

  2. 科學家們一直在尋找治療癌症的方法。

    Scientists have been searching for a cure for cancer.

  3. 環保人士多年來一直在呼籲減少塑膠使用。

    Environmental activists have been calling for reduced plastic use for years.

Pattern 10：would rather VR than VR（寧可…而不…）

Formula： S + would rather + VR + than + VR

Translation Practices:

  1. 我寧可走路也不願搭計程車。

    I would rather walk than take a taxi.

  2. 她寧可獨自旅行也不願跟團。

    She would rather travel alone than join a tour group.

  3. 他寧可失敗也不願放棄嘗試。

    He would rather fail than give up trying.

Patterns 11-20：Advanced Structures（進階結構）

Pattern 11：分詞構句（V-ing / V-pp, S + V）

Formula： [V-ing/V-pp phrase], S + V

Translation Practices:

  1. 看到這個消息，他非常高興。

    Seeing the news, he was very happy.

  2. 用英文思考是提升英文能力的有效方法。

    Thinking in English is an effective way to improve English skills.

  3. 受到父母的鼓勵，他決定出國留學。

    Encouraged by his parents, he decided to study abroad.

Pattern 12：倒裝句（Only + prep/adv/clause + aux + S + V）

Formula： Only + [phrase] + aux + S + V

Translation Practices:

  1. 只有在努力工作之後，他才得到了升遷。

    Only after working hard did he get a promotion.

  2. 只有這樣我們才能解決問題。

    Only in this way can we solve the problem.

  3. 只有每個人都盡一份力，環境才會改善。

    Only when everyone makes an effort can the environment improve.

Pattern 13：假設語氣（If + S + Ved, S + would/could VR）

Formula： If + S + past tense, S + would/could/should/might + VR

Translation Practices:

  1. 如果我是你，我會更努力學習。

    If I were you, I would study harder.

  2. 如果他有更多時間，他會去旅行。

    If he had more time, he would travel.

  3. 如果沒有網路，我們的生活會完全不同。

    If there were no Internet, our lives would be completely different.

Pattern 14：被動語態（S + be + V-pp）

Formula： S + be + past participle (+ by agent)

Translation Practices:

  1. 這座寺廟建於三百年前。

    This temple was built three hundred years ago.

  2. 這本書被翻譯成超過二十種語言。

    This book has been translated into more than twenty languages.

  3. 這個問題應該被嚴肅對待。

    This problem should be taken seriously.

Pattern 15：強調句（It is/was…that…）

Formula： It is/was + [emphasized part] + that + S + V

Translation Practices:

  1. 正是他的毅力讓他成功了。

    It was his perseverance that made him successful.

  2. 我是在臺北遇見她的。

    It was in Taipei that I met her.

  3. 正是教育改變了這個社區的命運。

    It is education that has changed the destiny of this community.

Pattern 16：同位語（S, 同位語, V）

Formula： Noun, + appositive, + verb

Translation Practices:

  1. 臺北，臺灣的首都，是一個現代化的城市。

    Taipei, the capital of Taiwan, is a modern city.

  2. 愛因斯坦，著名的物理學家，提出了相對論。

    Einstein, a famous physicist, proposed the theory of relativity.

  3. 閱讀，一種終身學習的方式，應該從小培養。

    Reading, a form of lifelong learning, should be cultivated from an early age.

Pattern 17：with + O + OC（介系詞片語作附帶狀態）

Formula： With + noun + adj/V-ing/V-pp/prep phrase

Translation Practices:

  1. 隨著科技的進步，我們的生活越來越便利。

    With the advancement of technology, our lives have become more and more convenient.

  2. 他坐在那裡，雙手交叉在胸前。

    He sat there with his arms crossed.

  3. 隨著時間的流逝，人們漸漸忘記了這件事。

    With the passage of time, people gradually forgot about this matter.

Pattern 18：what 子句（what + S + V）

Formula： What + S + V + is/was + [complement]

Translation Practices:

  1. 最讓我感動的是他的善良。

    What touched me most was his kindness.

  2. 我們需要的是更多的溝通。

    What we need is more communication.

  3. 重要的是你學到了什麼，而不是你的成績。

    What matters is what you have learned, not your grades.

Pattern 19：whether…or…（是否…）

Formula： Whether + S + V + or + [alternative], main clause

Translation Practices:

  1. 他是否會來參加派對還不確定。

    Whether he will come to the party is still uncertain.

  2. 無論你同意與否，改變都會發生。

    Whether you agree or not, change will happen.

  3. 成功取決於我們是否願意付出努力。

    Success depends on whether we are willing to make the effort.

Pattern 20：as…as（和…一樣…）

Formula： as + adj/adv + as

Translation Practices:

  1. 健康和財富一樣重要。

    Health is as important as wealth.

  2. 他跑得和他的哥哥一樣快。

    He runs as fast as his older brother.

  3. 學習新語言從來沒有像現在這麼容易。

    Learning a new language has never been as easy as it is now.

Patterns 21-30：Key Collocations（關鍵搭配）

Pattern 21：be known for / be known as

Translation Practices:

  1. 臺灣以夜市聞名。

    Taiwan is known for its night markets.

  2. 愛因斯坦被稱為現代物理學之父。

    Einstein is known as the father of modern physics.

  3. 這個城市以美麗的日落而聞名。

    This city is known for its beautiful sunsets.

Pattern 22：be likely to（很有可能…）

Translation Practices:

  1. 如果我們不採取行動，情況可能會更糟。

    If we do not take action, the situation is likely to get worse.

  2. 人工智慧很可能改變未來的工作方式。

    Artificial intelligence is likely to change the way we work in the future.

  3. 氣候變遷可能導致更多極端天氣事件。

    Climate change is likely to cause more extreme weather events.

Pattern 23：have difficulty V-ing（做…有困難）

Translation Practices:

  1. 很多學生在使用英文寫作時有困難。

    Many students have difficulty writing in English.

  2. 老年人在使用智慧型手機時常遇到困難。

    Elderly people often have difficulty using smartphones.

  3. 他在適應新環境方面沒有什麼困難。

    He has little difficulty adapting to new environments.

Pattern 24：be supposed to（應該…）

Translation Practices:

  1. 學生應該在上課前預習功課。

    Students are supposed to preview their lessons before class.

  2. 每個人都應該遵守交通規則。

    Everyone is supposed to follow traffic rules.

  3. 這項計畫本來應該在上個月完成。

    This project was supposed to be completed last month.

Pattern 25：used to VR（過去習慣…）

Translation Practices:

  1. 我以前常去那家餐廳，但它已經關了。

    I used to go to that restaurant, but it has closed.

  2. 他以前不喜歡吃蔬菜，但現在喜歡了。

    He didn’t use to like vegetables, but now he does.

  3. 人們以前用寫信來溝通，但現在大多用電子郵件了。

    People used to communicate by writing letters, but now they mostly use email.

Pattern 26：cannot help V-ing（忍不住…）

Translation Practices:

  1. 聽到這個笑話，她忍不住笑了出來。

    She could not help laughing when she heard the joke.

  2. 看到這些照片，我不禁想起了童年。

    Seeing these photos, I could not help thinking of my childhood.

  3. 面對這麼美的風景，誰能不讚嘆呢？

    Facing such beautiful scenery, who can help being amazed?

Pattern 27：be worth V-ing（值得…）

Translation Practices:

  1. 這本書值得一看。

    This book is worth reading.

  2. 這個問題值得深入探討。

    This issue is worth discussing in depth.

  3. 環保投資是值得的。

    Investing in environmental protection is worth doing.

Pattern 28：make it a rule to VR（規定/習慣做…）

Translation Practices:

  1. 我規定自己每天運動三十分鐘。

    I make it a rule to exercise for thirty minutes every day.

  2. 她養成了每天閱讀的習慣。

    She makes it a rule to read every day.

  3. 我們公司規定準時開會。

    Our company makes it a rule to start meetings on time.

Pattern 29：do harm to / do good to（對…有害/有益）

Translation Practices:

  1. 抽菸對健康有害。

    Smoking does harm to our health.

  2. 適量運動對身體有益。

    Moderate exercise does good to the body.

  3. 過度使用手機對眼睛有害。

    Excessive use of smartphones does harm to the eyes.

Pattern 30：leave + O + OC（使…處於某狀態）

Translation Practices:

  1. 這個消息讓她非常高興。

    The news left her very happy.

  2. 他的話讓我感到困惑。

    His words left me confused.

  3. 這部電影讓觀眾深受感動。

    The movie left the audience deeply moved.

Patterns 31-40：Transition Phrases（過渡詞組）

Pattern 31：in addition（此外）

Translation Practices:

  1. 運動可以強健體魄。此外，它還能改善心理健康。

    Exercise can strengthen the body. In addition, it can improve mental health.

  2. 這家餐廳的菜很好吃。此外，價格也很合理。

    The food at this restaurant is delicious. In addition, the prices are reasonable.

Pattern 32：as a result（結果）

Translation Practices:

  1. 他努力學習。結果，他考上了理想的大學。

    He studied hard. As a result, he was admitted to his ideal university.

  2. 工廠排放廢水。結果，河水被嚴重汙染了。

    The factory discharged wastewater. As a result, the river was seriously polluted.

Pattern 33：on the other hand（另一方面）

Translation Practices:

  1. 住在城市很方便。另一方面，生活成本很高。

    Living in the city is convenient. On the other hand, the cost of living is high.

  2. 線上學習很彈性。另一方面，它缺乏面對面的互動。

    Online learning is flexible. On the other hand, it lacks face-to-face interaction.

Pattern 34：in other words（換句話說）

Translation Practices:

  1. 我們需要減少碳排量。換句話說，我們必須改變生活方式。

    We need to reduce carbon emissions. In other words, we must change our lifestyle.

  2. 這項政策效果不彰。換句話說，它沒有達到預期的目標。

    This policy was ineffective. In other words, it did not achieve the expected goals.

Pattern 35：to begin with / first of all（首先）

Translation Practices:

  1. 首先，我們需要了解問題的嚴重性。

    To begin with, we need to understand the severity of the problem.

  2. 首先，良好的時間管理是成功的基礎。

    First of all, good time management is the foundation of success.

Pattern 36：in conclusion / to sum up（總結來說）

Translation Practices:

  1. 總結來說，學習英文需要恆心和毅力。

    In conclusion, learning English requires perseverance and determination.

  2. 總而言之，健康是最重要的財富。

    To sum up, health is the most important wealth.

Pattern 37：for example / for instance（例如）

Translation Practices:

  1. 很多國家已經開始推動綠能。例如，丹麥大量使用風力發電。

    Many countries have started promoting green energy. For example, Denmark extensively uses wind power.

  2. 志工服務可以帶來很多好處。舉例來說，它可以培養團隊合作的能力。

    Volunteer work can bring many benefits. For instance, it can develop teamwork skills.

Pattern 38：compared to / compared with（與…相比）

Translation Practices:

  1. 與過去相比，現在的女性有更多的機會接受高等教育。

    Compared to the past, women today have more opportunities to receive higher education.

  2. 與其他城市相比，這個城市的生活成本較低。

    Compared with other cities, the cost of living in this city is relatively low.

Pattern 39：when it comes to（說到/關於…）

Translation Practices:

  1. 說到健康飲食，蔬菜和水果是不可少的。

    When it comes to a healthy diet, vegetables and fruits are indispensable.

  2. 關於時間管理，訂定優先順序是最重要的。

    When it comes to time management, setting priorities is the most important thing.

Pattern 40：it goes without saying that…（不用說…）

Translation Practices:

  1. 不用說，健康比財富更重要。

    It goes without saying that health is more important than wealth.

  2. 不用說，教育是國家進步的基石。

    It goes without saying that education is the cornerstone of a nation’s progress.

句型練習建議

  • 每天練習 3-5 個句型
  • 先熟記 formula，再做翻譯練習
  • 嘗試將多個句型結合在一個段落中
  • 在寫作和翻譯時有意識地使用這些句型
  • 錯誤的句型要特別標記，反覆複習

導航

Previous: W03 學測翻譯-中翻英技巧 | Next: W05 學測作文-英文摘要

關係圖譜

反向連結