GRE 文法精準練習（AWA + Verbal）
威威老師小提醒
GRE 不直接考文法選擇題，但 AWA 寫作（Issue + Argument）的文法錯誤直接影響分數。Verbal 的 Reading Comprehension 也需要識別複雜句法。這份檔案有 60 題 針對 GRE 級別的句法精緻度。
Topic 1: 假設與虛擬（10 題）
GRE 寫作高分的關鍵是用條件句進行假設論證。
Q1. _______ for the timely intervention, the situation could have escalated. (A) Were it not (B) Had it not been (C) Should it not be (D) But for
Q2. I would advocate for this policy _______ I were convinced of its merits. (A) if (B) only if (C) provided (D) all of the above
Q3. _______ the data more comprehensive, our conclusions would be more reliable. (A) Were (B) Had (C) Should (D) If
Q4. It is essential _______ all evidence be examined. (A) that (B) which (C) when (D) where
Q5. _______ his conclusions valid, his methodology would warrant emulation. (A) Were (B) Had (C) Should (D) If
Q6. I’d rather we _______ this matter privately. (A) discuss (B) discussed (C) had discussed (D) Both B and C
Q7. Suppose the experiment _______ flawed; what implications would follow? (A) is (B) was (C) were (D) had been
Q8. _______ that the data is robust, several conclusions can be drawn. (A) Granted (B) Assuming (C) Given (D) All of the above
Q9. Critics insisted that the methodology _______ examined more rigorously. (A) is (B) be (C) was (D) being
Q10. _______ further evidence emerge, the theory may need revision. (A) Should (B) If (C) Were (D) Both A and B
Topic 2: 複雜分詞構句（10 題）
Q11. _______ extensive research, the team published their findings. (A) Having conducted (B) Conducting (C) Conducted (D) To have conducted
Q12. _______ examined more rigorously, this hypothesis fails to hold. (A) When (B) Once (C) On being (D) All of the above
Q13. _______ in 1859, Darwin’s theory transformed biology. (A) Published (B) Publishing (C) Having published (D) To publish
Q14. _______ all factors considered, the decision appears prudent. (A) Have (B) Having (C) With (D) Considering
Q15. _______ no other choice, they reluctantly conceded. (A) Having (B) With (C) Given (D) All of the above
Q16. _______ properly implemented, this policy could yield significant benefits. (A) Were (B) If (C) When (D) All of the above
Q17. _______ from these findings, several conclusions follow. (A) Drawing (B) Drawn (C) Having drawn (D) To draw
Q18. _______ in light of recent developments, the theory requires revision. (A) Considered (B) Considering (C) Having considered (D) To consider
Q19. _______ recognized as a leading authority, she frequently advises governments. (A) Being (B) To be (C) Having been (D) All of the above
Q20. _______ properly funded, this research could revolutionize the field. (A) Were it (B) If it were (C) Should it be (D) All of the above
Topic 3: 名詞子句進階（10 題）
Q21. _______ matters most in academic writing is clarity of thought. (A) That (B) What (C) Which (D) How
Q22. _______ he denied the accusation does not establish his innocence. (A) That (B) What (C) Whether (D) If
Q23. It remains an open question _______ this approach will succeed. (A) what (B) that (C) whether (D) which
Q24. _______ the policy will achieve its objectives is yet to be determined. (A) That (B) Whether (C) If (D) Both A and B
Q25. The fact _______ correlation does not imply causation is fundamental. (A) what (B) that (C) which (D) why
Q26. _______ ultimately matters is not the result but the process. (A) That (B) What (C) Which (D) How
Q27. I understand _______ you remain skeptical of these findings. (A) what (B) that (C) which (D) why
Q28. What concerns me is _______ we lack independent verification. (A) that (B) what (C) which (D) why
Q29. _______ this argument is sound depends on its premises. (A) Whether (B) That (C) If (D) Both A and C
Q30. _______ he succeeds will depend on factors beyond his control. (A) Whether (B) That (C) If (D) Both A and C
Topic 4: 高階倒裝（10 題）
Q31. Such _______ the gravity of the situation that immediate action is warranted. (A) is (B) was (C) Both A and B (D) does
Q32. Only by sustained effort _______ we hope to achieve such ambitious goals. (A) we can (B) can (C) we will (D) will we
Q33. Not until the late 20th century _______ this phenomenon properly understood. (A) was (B) did (C) has (D) had
Q34. Rarely _______ a hypothesis received such overwhelming empirical support. (A) has (B) had (C) Both A and B (D) does
Q35. Nowhere _______ the principle more clearly illustrated. (A) you find (B) is (C) does it (D) you can find
Q36. So profound _______ the implications that the field was transformed. (A) was (B) were (C) Both A and B depending on context (D) did
Q37. Little _______ we know that the situation would deteriorate so rapidly. (A) do (B) did (C) had (D) does
Q38. _______ such an opportunity present itself, we must seize it. (A) Should (B) Were (C) Had (D) If
Q39. Only after extensive analysis _______ the truth emerge. (A) does (B) did (C) Both A and B (D) has
Q40. Hardly _______ the announcement been made when controversy erupted. (A) had (B) did (C) was (D) has
Topic 5: 學術連接詞精準度（10 題）
Q41. The hypothesis is compelling; _______ , empirical support remains limited. (A) however (B) furthermore (C) consequently (D) similarly
Q42. _______ the methodological concerns, the findings are noteworthy. (A) Despite (B) Notwithstanding (C) In spite of (D) All of the above
Q43. The two phenomena are correlated; _______ , causation cannot be inferred. (A) furthermore (B) nevertheless (C) consequently (D) similarly
Q44. The argument is well-constructed; _______ , its conclusions do not follow from its premises. (A) thus (B) however (C) furthermore (D) similarly
Q45. _______ his groundbreaking research, the scientist remains relatively unknown. (A) Despite (B) In spite of (C) Notwithstanding (D) All of the above
Q46. _______ traditional methods, this approach yields more accurate results. (A) In contrast to (B) Like (C) Despite (D) Notwithstanding
Q47. _______ the data, several conclusions can be drawn. (A) Based on (B) Given (C) In light of (D) All of the above
Q48. _______ that the evidence is overwhelming, dissent persists. (A) Granted (B) Given (C) Despite the fact (D) All of the above
Q49. _______ albeit limited, this evidence supports the hypothesis. (A) Though (B) Although (C) Even though (D) All correct uses but the option here is intended as albeit standalone
Q50. _______ a definitive answer remains elusive, considerable progress has been made. (A) Although (B) While (C) Even though (D) All of the above
Topic 6: 高級時態用法（10 題）
Q51. Researchers _______ this phenomenon for decades before reaching consensus. (A) studied (B) had been studying (C) have been studying (D) study
Q52. Many had assumed the theory _______ established beyond doubt. (A) is (B) was (C) had been (D) has been
Q53. This finding, _______ confirmed by independent studies, would revolutionize the field. (A) if (B) once (C) when (D) All of the above
Q54. By the time the report _______ published, the situation had already changed. (A) was (B) is (C) had been (D) has been
Q55. This phenomenon _______ the subject of intense debate for years. (A) is (B) has been (C) was being (D) had been
Q56. _______ that her predictions came true, she gained considerable credibility. (A) Given (B) Considering (C) Now that (D) All of the above
Q57. Throughout history, scholars _______ to understand this question. (A) tried (B) have tried (C) had tried (D) try
Q58. Once the experiment _______ , we will analyze the results. (A) completes (B) is completed (C) was completed (D) has completed
Q59. By 2050, the global population _______ 9 billion. (A) reaches (B) will reach (C) will have reached (D) had reached
Q60. Although the theory _______ controversial in the 1980s, it is now widely accepted. (A) is (B) was (C) has been (D) had been
解答與精解
| 題號 | 答案 | 重點 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | A/B 都對 | Were it not for / Had it not been for |
| 2 | D | 三個都是條件 |
| 3 | A | Were the data = If the data were |
| 4 | A | essential that |
| 5 | A | Were his conclusions valid = If his conclusions were valid |
| 6 | D | I’d rather + 過去式 / had p.p. |
| 7 | C | suppose 用過去 |
| 8 | D | 三個都對 |
| 9 | B | insist that S (should) be |
| 10 | D | Should/If 都可 |
| 11 | A | Having conducted = After they conducted |
| 12 | D | When/Once/On being 都可 |
| 13 | A | 被出版 → Published |
| 14 | C | With all factors considered |
| 15 | D | 三個都是因為 |
| 16 | D | Were/If/When 都可 |
| 17 | A | Drawing 主動 |
| 18 | B | Considering = 鑑於 |
| 19 | D | 三個都對 |
| 20 | D | 三個都是條件 |
| 21 | B | What matters most |
| 22 | A | That + 子句當主詞 |
| 23 | C | whether 是否 |
| 24 | D | Whether/That 都可 |
| 25 | B | the fact that |
| 26 | B | What ultimately matters |
| 27 | D | understand why |
| 28 | A | What concerns me is that |
| 29 | D | Whether/If 都可 |
| 30 | D | Whether/If 都可 |
| 31 | C | Such is/was 倒裝 |
| 32 | B | Only by + 倒裝 |
| 33 | A | Not until + 倒裝 |
| 34 | C | Rarely has/had |
| 35 | B | Nowhere is |
| 36 | C | So + adj + was/were 倒裝 |
| 37 | B | Little did we know |
| 38 | A | Should + 倒裝 |
| 39 | C | Only after + did/does |
| 40 | A | Hardly had S p.p. when… |
| 41 | A | however 對比 |
| 42 | D | 三個都對 |
| 43 | B | nevertheless 但仍… |
| 44 | B | however 對比 |
| 45 | D | 三個都對 |
| 46 | A | In contrast to |
| 47 | D | 三個都對 |
| 48 | D | 三個都對 |
| 49 | A/B/C 三個都對 | Though albeit 同義 |
| 50 | D | 三個都對 |
| 51 | B | had been studying（過去某時間之前持續） |
| 52 | C | had assumed + had been |
| 53 | D | if/once/when 都可 |
| 54 | A | by the time + 過去 |
| 55 | B | for years 完成式 |
| 56 | D | Given/Considering/Now that |
| 57 | B | throughout history + 完成式 |
| 58 | B | once + 完成（被動） |
| 59 | C | by 2050 → 完成式 |
| 60 | B | 1980s 過去 |
GRE AWA 寫作的 5 個文法陷阱
1. 主詞動詞長距離一致
❌ The combination of these factors, along with several others, indicate...
✅ The combination of these factors, along with several others, indicates...
（主詞是 combination 單數）
2. 平行結構在複雜句中
❌ The argument is flawed because it relies on questionable assumptions,
ignores counterevidence, and the author fails to define key terms.
✅ The argument is flawed because it relies on questionable assumptions,
ignores counterevidence, and fails to define key terms.
3. 子句連接的精緻度
❌ Climate change is real, however, the magnitude is debated.
✅ Climate change is real; however, the magnitude is debated.
✅ Although climate change is real, the magnitude is debated.
4. 學術時態的精準
✅ Plato argued (過去) that... (歷史人物)
✅ Plato argues (現在) that... (引用其論點，學術慣例)
✅ Recent research suggests (現在) ...
✅ Researchers have shown (現在完成) ...
5. 條件句的精緻
❌ If the data was reliable, we could draw conclusions.
✅ If the data were reliable, we could draw conclusions.
（與事實相反 → were，不分主詞）
高階寫作的 8 個句型範本
1. 雙重條件
Were [condition], [main clause], though [qualification].
Example: Were the evidence more compelling, the conclusion would be
warranted, though significant uncertainty would remain.
2. 名詞化強化
The [noun] of [object] [verb] [outcome].
Example: The implementation of this policy raises serious concerns.
（比 "Implementing this policy raises..." 更學術）
3. 抽象主語
What [verb phrase] is [statement].
Example: What this analysis reveals is the depth of the problem.
4. 倒裝強調
Not only does [S] [V], but [S] also [V].
Example: Not only does this argument contain logical flaws, but it also
overlooks crucial evidence.
5. 讓步轉折
Granted [concession], [main argument].
Example: Granted that the data is limited, the trend nonetheless suggests...
6. 條件分詞
[Verb-ed] [adverb], [main clause].
Example: Examined more carefully, this argument reveals significant flaws.
7. 雙重否定
This is not without [noun].
Example: This conclusion is not without merit, though it requires qualification.
8. 強調句
It is precisely [noun phrase] that [verb phrase].
Example: It is precisely this assumption that the author fails to defend.
威威老師的最後叮嚀
GRE AWA 5.0+ 的關鍵不是「寫得對」，而是「寫得精緻」。
3 大檢查標準：
- 句型多樣 —— 至少用 5 種不同句型結構
- 學術風格 —— 名詞化、被動、複雜從屬子句
- 無低級錯誤 —— 主詞動詞、時態、平行結構
評審 30 秒內就會判斷你的寫作層次。句型結構就是門面。
加油！威威老師相信你做得到！