威威老師的文法特快車：介系詞片語與片語動詞 (Phrasal Verbs)
課程導航
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哈囉各位同學！我是威威老師。
來，用直覺翻譯這 4 個句子：
- “I gave up.”
- “She put on her coat.”
- “He took off.”
- “I’ll look into it.”
如果你逐字翻譯——「給上」「放上」「拿掉」「看進」——全部錯！正確意思是：
- give up = 放棄
- put on = 穿上
- take off = 脫掉 / 起飛
- look into = 調查
這就是英文最讓非母語者頭痛的「片語動詞 (Phrasal Verbs)」——動詞 + 介副詞組合出全新的意思，完全不能用字面理解。
學測閱讀 50% 以上的長句都包含片語動詞——而且口語英文裡更是無所不在！學會這些，你的英文「英文味」會立刻翻倍！
繫好安全帶 🚂
課前快問 (Pre-Quiz) — 複習 25 強調句與附加問句
- It was the heavy rain ____ caused the delay.（which / that）
- You have finished the report, ____?（haven’t you / have you）
- 改錯：It is the teacher who she admires the most.
解答
- that — 強調句固定 that。
- haven’t you — 前肯後否（have 是助動詞）。
- whom 或 that：It is the teacher whom/that she admires the most.（admires 後缺受詞，用受格 whom 或 that）
一、什麼是片語動詞？
片語動詞 (Phrasal Verb) = 動詞 + 介副詞，組合後產生全新的意思。
| 動詞 | + 介副詞 | 全新意思 |
|---|---|---|
| look | look up | 查詢 |
| look | look after | 照顧 |
| look | look forward to | 期待 |
| look | look into | 調查 |
| take | take off | 脫掉 / 起飛 |
| take | take up | 開始從事 |
| give | give up | 放棄 |
| put | put off | 延期 |
| run | run into | 偶遇 |
| come | come across | 偶然發現 |
1-1 兩大分類
| 類型 | 規則 | 例 |
|---|---|---|
| 可分離 (Separable) | 受詞可放中間或後面 | turn on the light = turn the light on |
| 不可分離 (Inseparable) | 受詞只能放後面 | look for the keys（不能 look the keys for） |
🚨 代名詞（it, them, him, her）當受詞時，只能放中間！這是學測超高頻陷阱。
二、可分離片語動詞 — 代名詞要放中間！
2-1 黃金規則
| 受詞類型 | 規則 | 例 |
|---|---|---|
| 名詞 | 中間 / 後面都行 | turn on the light = turn the light on |
| 代名詞 | 必須放中間 | turn it on ✓ / |
2-2 高頻可分離片語動詞 20 個
| 片語 | 中文 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| turn on | 打開 | Turn it on. |
| turn off | 關掉 | Turn it off. |
| put on | 穿上 | Put on your jacket. / Put it on. |
| take off | 脫掉/起飛 | Take off your shoes. / The plane took off. |
| pick up | 撿起/接（人） | Pick me up at 7. |
| look up | 查詢 | Look it up. |
| give up | 放棄 | Don’t give up. |
| try on | 試穿 | Can I try this on? |
| work out | 解決/鍛鍊 | Let’s work it out. |
| figure out | 想通 | I can’t figure it out. |
| set up | 建立 | They set up a company. |
| put off | 延期 | Don’t put it off. |
| call off | 取消 | They called off the meeting. |
| hand in | 繳交 | Hand it in by Friday. |
| fill out | 填寫 | Fill out this form. |
| point out | 指出 | She pointed it out. |
| make up | 編造/和好 | He made up an excuse. |
| bring up | 養育/提出 | She was brought up by her grandparents. |
| carry out | 執行 | They carried out the plan. |
| throw away | 丟掉 | Don’t throw it away. |
🎯 可分離片語即時練習（5 題）
1. Choose: Please turn ______. It’s too dark. (A) on it (B) it on (C) on the light (D) the light on
2. Choose: If you don’t know the word, ______ in the dictionary. (A) look up it (B) look it up (C) look for it (D) look it for
3. Choose: The football match was ______ because of the rain. (A) called off (B) called it off (C) call off it (D) calling off
4. 改錯：Pick up me at the airport.
5. Translate: 「請穿上你的外套。」(Use put on)
寫好答案再往下看 👇
解答與詳解
第 1 題：(B) it on
代名詞 it → 必須放中間 → turn it on。
第 2 題：(B) look it up
look up（可分離）+ 代名詞 → 必須中間。
第 3 題：(A) called off
被動語態，主詞 the football match 本身是受詞。
第 4 題：Pick me up at the airport.
✅ 代名詞 me → 必須放中間。
第 5 題：Put on your coat. 或 Put your coat on.
三、不可分離片語動詞 — 受詞只能放後面！
3-1 規則
受詞只能放後面——不管是名詞還是代名詞！
3-2 高頻不可分離片語動詞 20 個
| 片語 | 中文 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| look for | 尋找 | I’m looking for my keys. |
| look after | 照顧 | She looks after her brother. |
| look forward to | 期待 | I look forward to seeing you. |
| run into | 偶遇 | I ran into my old friend. |
| come across | 偶然發現 | I came across an article. |
| get along (with) | 與…相處 | She gets along with everyone. |
| get over | 克服 | He got over the illness. |
| go through | 經歷 | He went through a tough time. |
| rely on / depend on | 依賴 | You can rely on me. |
| believe in | 相信…存在 | Do you believe in ghosts? |
| belong to | 屬於 | This belongs to her. |
| consist of | 由…組成 | Water consists of H and O. |
| result in | 導致 | Lack of sleep results in fatigue. |
| approve of | 贊成 | I don’t approve of his decision. |
| concentrate on | 專注於 | Concentrate on your study. |
| insist on | 堅持 | She insists on paying. |
| succeed in | 成功在 | He succeeded in passing. |
| apply for | 申請 | She applied for a scholarship. |
| listen to | 聽 | Listen to me. |
| wait for | 等待 | I’m waiting for the bus. |
3-3 ⚠️ look forward to + V-ing！
這個 to 是介系詞，不是不定詞 → 後面接 V-ing！
| 對 ✓ | 錯 ✗ |
|---|---|
| I look forward to seeing you. | I look forward to |
| I’m used to getting up early. | I’m used to |
| She objects to smoking. | She objects to |
🎯 不可分離片語即時練習（5 題）
1. Choose: I ran ______ my elementary school teacher at the supermarket. (A) into (B) away (C) out (D) down
2. Choose: She is looking forward ______ from you soon. (A) to hear (B) to hearing (C) hear (D) hearing
3. Choose: Water consists ______ hydrogen and oxygen. (A) in (B) by (C) of (D) with
4. Choose: The success of the project depends ______ everyone’s cooperation. (A) in (B) on (C) of (D) for
5. Choose: It took her months to get ______ the loss of her pet. (A) along (B) away (C) over (D) through
寫好答案再往下看 👇
解答與詳解
第 1 題：(A) into
run into = 偶遇。
第 2 題：(B) to hearing
look forward to + V-ing！to 是介系詞。
第 3 題：(C) of
consist of = 由…組成（固定搭配）。
第 4 題：(B) on
depend on = 取決於（固定搭配）。
第 5 題：(C) over
get over = 克服／復原。
四、三字片語動詞 — 全部不可分離！
動詞 + 副詞 + 介系詞 = 三字片語動詞，全部不可分離！
4-1 高頻三字片語動詞 15 個
| 片語 | 中文 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| put up with | 忍受 | I can’t put up with this noise. |
| come up with | 想出（點子） | She came up with a brilliant idea. |
| get along with | 與…相處 | Do you get along with your boss? |
| catch up with | 趕上 | I can’t catch up with you! |
| run out of | 用完 | We’ve run out of milk. |
| make up for | 彌補 | He tried to make up for his mistake. |
| keep up with | 跟上 | It’s hard to keep up with fashion. |
| look down on | 看不起 | Don’t look down on others. |
| look up to | 仰慕 | She looks up to her mom. |
| get rid of | 擺脫／丟掉 | Get rid of those old clothes. |
| take advantage of | 利用 | Take advantage of this chance. |
| pay attention to | 注意 | Pay attention to the teacher. |
| cut down on | 減少 | Cut down on sugar. |
| drop out of | 輟學／退出 | He dropped out of college. |
| face up to | 勇敢面對 | Face up to your responsibilities. |
🎯 三字片語即時練習（5 題）
1. Choose: I can’t ______ his constant complaining. (A) put up (B) put up with (C) put off (D) put out with
2. Choose: We need to ______ a solution before the deadline. (A) come up (B) come up with (C) come up to (D) come out with
3. Choose: We’ve ______ all the supplies. We need to buy more. (A) run out (B) run out of (C) run away from (D) run into
4. Choose: You should ______ this once-in-a-lifetime opportunity. (A) take advantage (B) take advantage of (C) take advantage with (D) take advantages of
5. Choose: He tried hard to ______ his classmates. (A) catch up (B) catch up with (C) catch on with (D) catch to
寫好答案再往下看 👇
解答與詳解
第 1 題：(B) put up with — 忍受。
第 2 題：(B) come up with — 想出。
第 3 題：(B) run out of — 用完。
第 4 題：(B) take advantage of — 利用。
第 5 題：(B) catch up with — 趕上某人。
五、常考介系詞片語
5-1 in + 名詞
| 片語 | 中文 |
|---|---|
| in fact | 事實上 |
| in advance | 事先 |
| in charge of | 負責 |
| in favor of | 贊成 |
| in addition to | 除了…之外（還有） |
| in spite of | 儘管 |
| in common | 共同的 |
| in detail | 詳細地 |
| in person | 親自 |
| in general | 一般來說 |
| in vain | 徒勞 |
5-2 on + 名詞
| 片語 | 中文 |
|---|---|
| on purpose | 故意地 |
| on time | 準時 |
| on behalf of | 代表 |
| on average | 平均 |
| on the contrary | 相反地 |
| on the other hand | 另一方面 |
| on vacation | 度假 |
| on sale | 特價 |
| on schedule | 按計畫 |
5-3 at + 名詞
| 片語 | 中文 |
|---|---|
| at first | 起初 |
| at last | 終於 |
| at least | 至少 |
| at most | 至多 |
| at once | 立刻 |
| at present | 目前 |
| at the same time | 同時 |
| at all costs | 不惜一切代價 |
5-4 by + 名詞
| 片語 | 中文 |
|---|---|
| by accident | 意外地 |
| by chance | 偶然地 |
| by means of | 藉由 |
| by the way | 順便一提 |
| by far | 顯然地 |
| by heart | 憑記憶 |
5-5 out of + 名詞
| 片語 | 中文 |
|---|---|
| out of control | 失控 |
| out of order | 故障 |
| out of breath | 喘不過氣 |
| out of date | 過時的 |
| out of work | 失業 |
| out of the question | 不可能 |
🎯 介系詞片語即時練習（5 題）
1. Choose: ______ the bad weather, the event was a great success. (A) In spite (B) In spite of (C) Although (D) Despite of
2. Choose: Who is ______ the marketing department? (A) in charge (B) in charge of (C) in the charge (D) on charge of
3. Choose: ______, the movie was not as exciting as the trailer. (A) In fact (B) In the fact (C) On fact (D) At fact
4. Choose: Please arrive at the airport two hours ______. (A) in advance (B) in vain (C) at once (D) on time
5. Choose: The elevator is ______. Please use the stairs. (A) out of order (B) out of breath (C) out of work (D) out of date
寫好答案再往下看 👇
解答與詳解
第 1 題：(B) In spite of
in spite of + 名詞（despite of 是錯的）。
第 2 題：(B) in charge of
負責 = in charge of。
第 3 題：(A) In fact
事實上 = in fact。
第 4 題：(A) in advance
事先 = in advance。
第 5 題：(A) out of order
故障 = out of order。
六、容易混淆的片語動詞家族
6-1 take 系列
| 片語 | 中文 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| take off | 脫掉/起飛 | Take off your coat. / The plane took off. |
| take over | 接管 | She’ll take over as CEO. |
| take up | 開始從事 | He took up swimming. |
| take in | 吸收/欺騙 | It’s hard to take in so much. |
| take on | 承擔 | She took on the challenge. |
| take apart | 拆解 | He took the clock apart. |
6-2 put 系列
| 片語 | 中文 |
|---|---|
| put off | 延期 |
| put on | 穿上/演出 |
| put up with | 忍受 |
| put out | 撲滅/出版 |
| put away | 收好 |
| put forward | 提出（意見） |
6-3 break 系列
| 片語 | 中文 |
|---|---|
| break down | 故障/崩潰 |
| break out | 爆發（戰爭/火災） |
| break up | 分手 |
| break into | 闖入 |
| break through | 突破 |
6-4 get 系列
| 片語 | 中文 |
|---|---|
| get over | 克服 |
| get along (with) | 相處 |
| get through | 通過/度過 |
| get up | 起床 |
| get away (with) | 逃脫懲罰 |
| get rid of | 擺脫 |
6-5 look 系列
| 片語 | 中文 |
|---|---|
| look for | 尋找 |
| look after | 照顧 |
| look up | 查詢/仰慕 |
| look into | 調查 |
| look forward to | 期待 |
| look down on | 看不起 |
| look up to | 仰慕 |
| look out | 小心 |
🎯 混淆片語即時練習（5 題）
1. Choose: The company decided to ______ the old policy. (A) do away with (B) do without (C) do away (D) do with
2. Choose the correct word order: (A) She has gotten along well with her classmates. (B) She has got along well with her classmates. (C) She has gotten well along with her classmates. (D) She has got well along with her classmates.
3. Choose: Scientists are still trying to ______ the cause of the disease. (A) look for (B) look into (C) look after (D) look up
4. Choose: He took off his shoes and ______ them by the door.（把它們放在門邊） (A) put on (B) put away (C) put up (D) took off
5. Translate: 「他無法忍受那噪音。」(Use put up with)
寫好答案再往下看 👇
解答與詳解
第 1 題：(A) do away with
廢除 = do away with。
第 2 題：(A) 和 (B) 都正確；(C) 和 (D) 錯誤
正確語序：get/got/gotten + along + well + with——well 放在 along 後、with 前。 ❌ (C)(D) 把 well 塞在 get 和 along 中間，順序錯。 💎 got vs. gotten：英式偏好 got，美式偏好 gotten——兩者都通，所以 (A)(B) 皆正確。考試若只能選一個，選 (A)（美式較常見）。
第 3 題：(B) look into
調查 = look into。
第 4 題：(B) put away
收好 = put away（把鞋子收好）。
第 5 題：He couldn't put up with the noise.
七、考試陷阱大整理
學測片語動詞考題的 5 大陷阱
陷阱 1：可分離 vs. 不可分離（代名詞位置）
可分離 + 代名詞 → 必須放中間！ turn it on ✓ /
turn on it✗
陷阱 2：look forward to + V-ing
這個 to 是介系詞，不是不定詞！
陷阱 3：despite vs. in spite of vs. although
- despite + N/V-ing（不加 of！）
- in spite of + N/V-ing
- although + 子句
陷阱 4：同動詞不同片語意思天差地別
take off / take over / take up / take in 完全不同意思！
陷阱 5：固定搭配
沒有道理可講——背就對了！depend on, consist of, look forward to…
章末總測驗 (Chapter Test) — 30 題
🟢 基礎題 (1-10)
1. Please turn ______. It’s too dark. (A) on it (B) it on (C) on the light (D) the light on
2. I’ve been looking for my phone everywhere. Can you help me ______? (A) look it up (B) look up it (C) look for it (D) look it for
3. The meeting has been ______ until next Monday. (A) put off it (B) put it off (C) put off (D) putting off
4. If you don’t know the word, you should ______ in the dictionary. (A) look up it (B) look it up (C) look for it (D) look it for
5. The football match was ______ because of the heavy rain. (A) called off (B) called it off (C) call off it (D) calling off
6. I ran ______ my elementary school teacher at the supermarket. (A) into (B) away (C) out (D) down
7. She is looking forward ______ from you soon. (A) to hear (B) to hearing (C) hear (D) hearing
8. Water consists ______ hydrogen and oxygen. (A) in (B) by (C) of (D) with
9. The success of the project depends ______ everyone’s cooperation. (A) in (B) on (C) of (D) for
10. It took her months to get ______ the loss of her pet. (A) along (B) away (C) over (D) through
🟡 進階題 (11-20)
11. I can’t ______ his constant complaining anymore. (A) put up (B) put up with (C) put off (D) put out with
12. We need to ______ a solution before the deadline. (A) come up (B) come up with (C) come up to (D) come out with
13. The team has ______ all the supplies. (A) run out (B) run out of (C) run away from (D) run into
14. You should ______ this once-in-a-lifetime opportunity. (A) take advantage (B) take advantage of (C) take advantage with (D) take advantages of
15. He tried hard to ______ his classmates after falling behind. (A) catch up (B) catch up with (C) catch on with (D) catch to
16. ______ the bad weather, the event was a great success. (A) In spite (B) In spite of (C) Although (D) Despite of
17. Who is ______ the marketing department? (A) in charge (B) in charge of (C) in the charge (D) on charge of
18. The old building collapsed ______. Nobody expected it. (A) by accident (B) by heart (C) on purpose (D) in advance
19. ______, the movie was not as exciting as expected. (A) In fact (B) In the fact (C) On fact (D) At fact
20. Please arrive at the airport two hours ______. (A) in advance (B) in vain (C) at once (D) on time
🔴 挑戰題 (21-30)
21. Which is correct? (A) He took off his shoes and put on it. (B) He took his shoes off and put them on. (C) He took off his shoes and put on them. (D) He took his off shoes and put them on.
22. The company decided to ______ the old policy. (A) do away with (B) do without (C) do away (D) do with
23. ______ English, she also speaks Japanese and Korean. (A) In addition (B) In addition to (C) In addition of (D) In addition with
24. Scientists are still trying to ______ the cause of the disease. (A) look for (B) look into (C) look after (D) look up
25. This information is ______. We need an updated version. (A) out of order (B) out of date (C) out of work (D) out of the question
26. Translate three sentences using phrasal verbs: (a) 「我期待見到你。」(Use look forward to) (b) 「請查一下這個字。」(Use look up + it) (c) 「她無法忍受這噪音。」(Use put up with)
27. Find errors: (a) “Please turn off it before you leave.” (b) “I look forward to see you.” (c) “Despite of the rain, we went out.” (d) “He took it off the shelf and put on it.”
28. Match the phrasal verb to its meaning: (a) take over (b) take up (c) take in (d) take off (e) take on
- 起飛 / 脫掉
- 開始從事
- 接管
- 吸收 / 欺騙
- 承擔
29. Translate using phrasal verbs: (a) 「我順道一提，你做完作業了嗎？」(Use by the way) (b) 「他終於放棄了。」(Use give up + at last) (c) 「電梯故障了。」(Use out of order)
30. Terminal challenge—rewrite fixing all errors: “I look forward to see you next week. Please pick up me at the airport. I’ll bring my luggage along, but please look it after. Despite of the long flight, I’m excited. By the way, can you help me to look up some restaurants? I want to take advantage this opportunity to try local food.”
章末總測驗 解答與詳解
🟢 基礎題 解答
第 1 題：(B) it on
代名詞 → 中間。
第 2 題：(C) look for it
look for（尋找）。
第 3 題：(C) put off
被動：has been put off。
第 4 題：(B) look it up
look up（查詢）+ 代名詞中間。
第 5 題：(A) called off
被動：was called off。
第 6 題：(A) into
run into = 偶遇。
第 7 題：(B) to hearing
look forward to + V-ing。
第 8 題：(C) of
consist of。
第 9 題：(B) on
depend on。
第 10 題：(C) over
get over = 克服。
🟡 進階題 解答
第 11 題：(B) put up with — 忍受。
第 12 題：(B) come up with — 想出。
第 13 題：(B) run out of — 用完。
第 14 題：(B) take advantage of — 利用（注意：advantage 不加 s，後接 of）。
第 15 題：(B) catch up with — 趕上某人。
第 16 題：(B) In spite of — in spite of + N（despite 不加 of！）。
第 17 題：(B) in charge of — 負責。
第 18 題：(A) by accident — 意外地。
第 19 題：(A) In fact — 事實上。
第 20 題：(A) in advance — 事先。
🔴 挑戰題 解答
第 21 題：(B) He took his shoes off and put them on.
代名詞 (them) → 中間。
第 22 題：(A) do away with — 廢除。
第 23 題：(B) In addition to — 除了...之外。
第 24 題：(B) look into — 調查。
第 25 題：(B) out of date — 過時。
第 26 題：翻譯
(a) I look forward to seeing you.（to + V-ing） (b) Please look it up.（代名詞中間） (c) She can’t put up with the noise.
第 27 題：找錯
(a) off it → it off（代名詞中間） (b) see → seeing（look forward to + V-ing） (c) Despite of → Despite 或 In spite of（despite 不加 of） (d) on it → it on（代名詞中間）
第 28 題：配對
(a) take over → 3. 接管 (b) take up → 2. 開始從事 (c) take in → 4. 吸收 / 欺騙 (d) take off → 1. 起飛 / 脫掉 (e) take on → 5. 承擔
第 29 題：翻譯
(a) By the way, have you finished your homework? (b) He gave up at last.（或 At last, he gave up.） (c) The elevator is out of order.
第 30 題：完整修正
原段：I look forward to see you. Please pick up me at the airport. I’ll bring my luggage along, but please look it after. Despite of the long flight, I’m excited. By the way, can you help me to look up some restaurants? I want to take advantage this opportunity to try local food.
✅ 修正版： “I look forward to seeing you next week. Please pick me up at the airport. I’ll bring my luggage along, but please look after it. Despite the long flight, I’m excited. By the way, can you help me look up some restaurants? I want to take advantage of this opportunity to try local food.”
修正了 6 處：
- see → seeing（look forward to + V-ing）
- pick up me → pick me up（代名詞中間）
- look it after → look after it（look after 不可分離，受詞放後面）
- Despite of → Despite（despite 不加 of）
- help me to look → help me look（help 後 to V 或原形 V，這裡用原形更口語）
- take advantage this → take advantage of this（固定搭配）
課前快問 解答
詳見前面解答區。
自我評分
| 分數（30 題） | 等級 | 建議 |
|---|---|---|
| 27-30 | 🏆 威威等級 | 片語動詞精通！進入 27 文法錯誤分析-學測高頻陷阱。 |
| 22-26 | 🥈 穩健等級 | 重點複習：可分離+代名詞中間、look forward to + V-ing、despite 不加 of。 |
| 16-21 | 🥉 加油等級 | 把高頻片語動詞表逐個背熟。 |
| 0-15 | 💪 再出發 | 從基本：可分離 vs. 不可分離開始。 |
複習計畫
時間 內容 今天 全文 + 即時練習 + 章末測驗 第 3 天 默寫 take/put/break/get/look 5 個系列 第 7 天 用 10 個片語造自己的句子 第 14 天 找 1 篇英文文章，圈所有片語動詞 考試前 重看「5 大陷阱」 + 高頻片語表
學習科學小知識：精緻化編碼 + 自我參照
片語動詞不能用邏輯推導——只能靠大量接觸建立語感。
研究顯示：把片語放在完整句子中記憶，效果遠勝於只背「片語 + 中文」。
應用：每學一個新片語，用自己的生活造一句——
- 「take advantage of」→ “I want to take advantage of my summer to learn Spanish.”
- 「put up with」→ “I can’t put up with my brother’s loud music.”
這就是「自我參照效應 (Self-Reference Effect)」——跟自己有關的事物，記憶效果好 2-3 倍！
上一篇： 25 強調句與附加問句 下一篇： 27 文法錯誤分析-學測高頻陷阱 相關主題： 04 介系詞 | 14 使役動詞與分詞